WEBVTT 00:01.001 --> 00:02.202 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - (female announcer) Production funding for 00:02.202 --> 00:04.938 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Behind the Headlines is made possible in part by 00:04.938 --> 00:07.007 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% the WKNO Production Fund, 00:07.007 --> 00:09.275 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% the WKNO Endowment Fund, 00:09.275 --> 00:12.779 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and by viewers like you, thank you. 00:12.779 --> 00:15.115 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - The Lakeland and Germantown school districts, 00:15.115 --> 00:17.517 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% tonight, on Behind the Headlines. 00:17.517 --> 00:20.186 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% [intense orchestral music] 00:35.802 --> 00:37.370 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% I'm Eric Barnes with The Daily Memphian. 00:37.370 --> 00:38.905 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% Thanks for joining us. 00:38.905 --> 00:41.508 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I am joined tonight by Jason Manuel, the Superintendent 00:41.508 --> 00:43.076 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% of the Germantown Municipal School District. 00:43.076 --> 00:44.911 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Thanks for being here again. - Thanks for having me. 00:44.911 --> 00:47.447 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% - Ted Horrell is Superintendent of the Lakeland School System. 00:47.447 --> 00:49.382 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Thanks for being here again. - Great to be here. Thank you. 00:49.382 --> 00:52.252 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - Along with Abigail Warren from The Daily Memphian. 00:52.252 --> 00:54.754 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% We'll probably talk to more superintendents 00:54.754 --> 00:57.023 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% as we move towards the school year starting, 00:57.023 --> 00:59.993 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% but we got you all first, and we're really glad you're here. 01:01.127 --> 01:02.228 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% You just went through budget season, 01:02.228 --> 01:03.596 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% and let's kind of start there, 01:03.596 --> 01:05.799 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% maybe not necessarily the dollars and cents of it, 01:05.799 --> 01:07.067 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% but what it says. 01:07.067 --> 01:09.269 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I think for both of you, you did, and again, 01:09.269 --> 01:10.670 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% I'm not gonna say everything's the same 01:10.670 --> 01:11.938 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% or everything's different, but just to start off, 01:11.938 --> 01:13.807 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% I think both of you were able to get raises 01:13.807 --> 01:15.542 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% for teachers and staff done. 01:15.542 --> 01:17.944 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% You, in Lakeland, were able to do, I think it was 01:17.944 --> 01:20.513 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% a 4 or $5 million increase in your budget, 01:20.513 --> 01:21.781 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% which I'm curious about. 01:21.781 --> 01:23.917 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% So you know, y'all are, I think 10 years 01:23.917 --> 01:26.753 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% from the deconsolidation 01:26.753 --> 01:29.355 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and setting up the independent school districts. 01:29.355 --> 01:31.624 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% What does this budget say about where you are, 01:31.624 --> 01:32.859 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% where you've been, and where you're going? 01:32.859 --> 01:34.160 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% I'll start with you, Ted. 01:34.160 --> 01:35.495 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - Well, our situation's a little bit different 01:35.495 --> 01:37.330 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% because we're adding a grade level every year 01:37.330 --> 01:38.598 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% for each of the next two years, 01:38.598 --> 01:41.134 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% so when you see big increases like that, 01:41.134 --> 01:45.071 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% most of that probably reflects adding another 200 students, 01:45.071 --> 01:47.407 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% you know, per year, and the funds that come with those. 01:47.407 --> 01:48.708 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% - And that's at the high school, 01:48.708 --> 01:49.776 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% you're adding 10th next year? 01:49.776 --> 01:51.177 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% - Adding 11th next year. 01:51.177 --> 01:53.079 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So our 10th will become our 11th grade next year, 01:53.079 --> 01:55.381 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% so, you know, additional personnel, 01:55.381 --> 01:57.684 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% support staff, everything else. 01:57.684 --> 01:59.953 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% But certainly what you said, I think the main priority, 01:59.953 --> 02:03.523 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and for us, this was a year that we could finally do that 02:03.523 --> 02:05.358 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% 'cause we've got the economy of scale to kind of do it, 02:05.358 --> 02:08.061 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% really make that major investment in teacher salaries 02:08.061 --> 02:10.597 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and get ahead of the requirement to get teachers 02:10.597 --> 02:13.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to a minimum $50,000 starting salary per year. 02:13.766 --> 02:15.335 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - And that's a state requirement that was passed 02:15.335 --> 02:16.870 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% this last legislative session, or prior? 02:16.870 --> 02:19.105 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% - I think it was two years ago, 02:19.105 --> 02:22.108 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% but it goes into effect the next budget year. 02:22.108 --> 02:24.377 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And I know Germantown-- - We're ahead of the game. 02:24.377 --> 02:27.113 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - Yeah, and for you, I mean, again, you all are in it, 02:27.113 --> 02:28.948 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% I guess we get to the 3Gs question 02:28.948 --> 02:32.519 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and that kind of lingering, what has been a challenge 02:32.519 --> 02:34.287 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to put it lightly, but talk about where you are 02:34.287 --> 02:36.289 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% in this budget season and, you know, again, 02:36.289 --> 02:37.590 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% where you've been over the last 10 years, 02:37.590 --> 02:38.791 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% where you're going. 02:38.791 --> 02:40.426 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And again, talk about the 3Gs and the state of them. 02:40.426 --> 02:41.761 align:left position:42.5% line:89% size:47.5% - Sure. 02:41.761 --> 02:43.329 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Well, I think we had challenges that some 02:43.329 --> 02:45.598 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% of the other school districts didn't have from the start. 02:45.598 --> 02:47.800 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% So right off the bat, three of the buildings, 02:47.800 --> 02:49.869 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% Germantown Elementary, Germantown Middle, 02:49.869 --> 02:51.237 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% Germantown High School, didn't come 02:51.237 --> 02:53.606 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% to the Germantown Municipal School District. 02:53.606 --> 02:54.841 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% We were receiving students, 02:54.841 --> 02:58.011 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% but not the buildings in that case. 02:58.011 --> 03:00.446 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% So for us, one of the challenges we had, 03:00.446 --> 03:01.681 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% we didn't have reserves. 03:01.681 --> 03:04.250 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And if you think about the cash flow for school districts, 03:04.250 --> 03:07.220 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% a lot of our funding, about 50% of our funding 03:07.220 --> 03:11.024 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% comes from property taxes and people pay those typically 03:11.024 --> 03:13.026 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% December to February is when people are paying those. 03:13.026 --> 03:15.395 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And what you see in the bank account in school districts, 03:15.395 --> 03:18.364 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% our money continually drops, drops, drops, drops, drops 03:18.364 --> 03:21.201 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% until those property taxes hit the bank account. 03:21.201 --> 03:22.602 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So we have to have reserves in order 03:22.602 --> 03:24.637 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% to have the cash flow for school districts. 03:24.637 --> 03:27.006 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% So that was an early challenge for all the school districts. 03:27.006 --> 03:30.243 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And a lot of us had revenue anticipatory notes 03:30.243 --> 03:32.712 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% or we had loans from our cities in order to do that. 03:32.712 --> 03:34.480 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So we all had to build reserves to do that. 03:34.480 --> 03:37.483 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So I think it's good that all the school districts 03:37.483 --> 03:40.119 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% have built strong reserves in order to provide 03:40.119 --> 03:41.221 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% for that cash flow. 03:41.221 --> 03:43.456 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But then specifically, for us now, 03:43.456 --> 03:46.693 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% we are making investments around our strategic plan 03:46.693 --> 03:48.328 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and making sure we're accomplishing those goals. 03:48.328 --> 03:49.929 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% - And again, before we go to Abigail, 03:49.929 --> 03:51.364 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% the state of the three schools, 03:51.364 --> 03:54.267 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% those three schools we call the 3Gs 03:54.267 --> 03:55.902 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% stayed with Shelby County Schools, 03:55.902 --> 03:57.770 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% now Memphis-Shelby County Schools, 03:57.770 --> 03:59.472 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% there's been a lot of negotiations. 03:59.472 --> 04:02.008 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Update everyone on the status of each of those schools. 04:02.008 --> 04:04.777 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% - So that situation is settled as far as Germantown Schools. 04:04.777 --> 04:07.513 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So there's a transition plan for those facilities. 04:07.513 --> 04:09.582 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% So for Germantown High School, 04:09.582 --> 04:13.786 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Shelby County Schools has the right to settle that property. 04:13.786 --> 04:16.022 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% What they were doing, and it wasn't consistent 04:16.022 --> 04:19.092 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% with state law, was they were educating students from 04:19.092 --> 04:21.427 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Cordova area and they were using buildings 04:21.427 --> 04:22.996 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% within our municipality district. 04:22.996 --> 04:24.631 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So they weren't Germantown residents 04:24.631 --> 04:27.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% or majority Germantown residents 04:27.166 --> 04:29.135 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that were attending those schools. 04:29.135 --> 04:32.138 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% So what is happening now is, I think Shelby County is working 04:32.138 --> 04:34.073 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% a situation where they're gonna sell 04:34.073 --> 04:35.975 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Germantown High School's property, 04:35.975 --> 04:38.378 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and they're gonna use those funds to help with the school 04:38.378 --> 04:40.913 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% they're building in Cordova that's gonna serve the students 04:40.913 --> 04:43.049 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% that were attending Germantown High School. 04:43.049 --> 04:44.417 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% For the Germantown Elementary and Middle, 04:44.417 --> 04:45.918 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% there's a slower transition for those. 04:45.918 --> 04:47.587 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% It's a 10-year period that they have 04:47.587 --> 04:49.122 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% in order to move those students. 04:49.122 --> 04:51.557 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Once again, those students were not Germantown students, 04:51.557 --> 04:54.394 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% those students were living in other areas 04:54.394 --> 04:57.363 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and they were bringing those students into those facilities. 04:57.363 --> 04:59.299 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So that'll transition over buildings. 04:59.299 --> 05:02.335 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But as far as us, all the physical students, 05:02.335 --> 05:05.705 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% residents of Germantown are attending our schools. 05:05.705 --> 05:07.940 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% - Let me go to Abigail. 05:07.940 --> 05:09.475 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% - Because it's been 10 years 05:09.475 --> 05:11.844 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% since the municipal school started, 05:11.844 --> 05:14.480 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% can you talk a little bit, and y'all may wanna bounce 05:14.480 --> 05:18.217 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% off each other, how the county got from two districts 05:18.217 --> 05:21.254 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% to one district to seven, being six in the county. 05:21.254 --> 05:24.023 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% Can one of you recap, 'cause y'all lived it. 05:24.023 --> 05:25.925 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% - Is this a special two-hour edition 05:25.925 --> 05:27.627 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% of Behind the Headlines? [everyone laughs] 05:27.627 --> 05:30.496 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% I think, most notable but a lot of people probably take 05:30.496 --> 05:33.132 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% for granted at this point, there were two systems. 05:33.132 --> 05:34.500 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% Jason and I were both part of 05:34.500 --> 05:37.236 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% what we now call legacy Shelby County Schools. 05:37.236 --> 05:39.105 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% Memphis City Schools was the other system. 05:39.105 --> 05:40.373 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% It gave up its charter. 05:40.373 --> 05:43.843 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% So we had 1 year, the '13-'14 school year 05:43.843 --> 05:48.781 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% where we were all one district and then the next year, 05:48.781 --> 05:49.916 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% we were seven districts. 05:49.916 --> 05:51.718 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% So the six municipal systems, 05:51.718 --> 05:55.121 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% and then the remaining new Shelby County Schools, 05:55.121 --> 05:57.223 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% which is now Memphis-Shelby County Schools. 05:57.223 --> 05:59.192 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So, we had about six months to kind 05:59.192 --> 06:02.128 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% of set up the new municipal school system. 06:02.128 --> 06:06.199 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So we went from two to one to seven in three years. 06:06.199 --> 06:08.835 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - And where in there was the election that was ruled, 06:10.169 --> 06:12.271 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% not official, for lack of a better term, 06:12.271 --> 06:13.639 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% and then the other one? 06:13.639 --> 06:17.643 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% - So that was before that merged year of '13-'14. 06:17.643 --> 06:20.613 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% So we thought that we were going to be able to open schools 06:20.613 --> 06:22.749 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% and it was gonna happen that '13-'14 year 06:22.749 --> 06:25.218 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% but that's when they had to go back to the drawing board. 06:25.218 --> 06:27.787 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% And there was new legislation that was passed 06:27.787 --> 06:29.856 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% that changed the way it was written. 06:29.856 --> 06:32.024 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% So that's why they merged year happened. 06:32.024 --> 06:33.426 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% - And was that helpful in some way, 06:33.426 --> 06:34.861 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% setting up the school district? 06:34.861 --> 06:39.465 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Because, considering the attorney said it wasn't, 06:39.465 --> 06:43.736 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% or the judge said it wasn't official, 06:43.736 --> 06:46.406 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% that you didn't have to necessarily abide by 06:46.406 --> 06:48.841 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% sunshine laws and things of that nature as you were 06:48.841 --> 06:53.846 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% trying to get policies and trying to do the groundwork. 06:55.047 --> 06:57.350 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% - I don't know. It's hard to have that... 06:57.350 --> 06:58.885 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Look back and... 06:58.885 --> 07:02.488 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - Well, practically, all of that had to happen twice 07:02.488 --> 07:05.091 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% before we were even named our position. 07:05.091 --> 07:08.494 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So I think there was some certainly policy work 07:08.494 --> 07:10.963 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% that was worked out by the boards before we came on board, 07:10.963 --> 07:14.500 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% but for the most part, from the day we were named 07:14.500 --> 07:16.736 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and started, which most of us was, you know, 07:16.736 --> 07:20.873 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% January 1st, 2013, we had 6 months. 07:20.873 --> 07:23.342 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - So we still had six months of compressed timeframe 07:23.342 --> 07:24.644 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% to build our school districts 07:24.644 --> 07:27.847 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and we relied heavily on each other to do so. 07:27.847 --> 07:29.415 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So I don't know if it was necessarily helpful. 07:29.415 --> 07:32.018 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I think there were some things that weren't helpful. 07:32.018 --> 07:34.987 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% You had a lot of challenges because when we were dealing 07:34.987 --> 07:37.056 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% with staff moving from one system to another, 07:37.056 --> 07:38.624 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% how do we transfer over data? 07:38.624 --> 07:41.093 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% How do we transfer over, when you think about how teachers 07:41.093 --> 07:43.429 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% are paid over the summertime, or administration. 07:43.429 --> 07:46.766 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% We had a lot of issues that developed because of that, 07:46.766 --> 07:48.768 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that we had to work through legally. 07:48.768 --> 07:49.969 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% - All these years later, 07:52.805 --> 07:54.874 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I'm gonna assume you're happy that you did it, 07:54.874 --> 07:56.943 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% that you don't regret it and that the boards and so on, 07:56.943 --> 07:58.778 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% but are you where you thought you would be? 07:58.778 --> 08:00.179 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% I'll go with you first, Ted. 08:00.179 --> 08:02.415 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Is this what you expected, give or take 10 years? 08:02.415 --> 08:05.751 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% - If you'd asked me 10 years ago if I thought 08:05.751 --> 08:10.256 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% we would have our own middle and high school both fully 08:10.256 --> 08:13.459 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% built out, I would've said no, that's too compressed. 08:13.459 --> 08:15.595 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% I mean, it's a pretty quick turnaround 08:15.595 --> 08:20.099 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% to go from 1 school with 820 students in 2014, 08:20.099 --> 08:22.902 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% and then 10 years later, we're about to have a junior class. 08:22.902 --> 08:24.270 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% It's just a lot of construction. 08:24.270 --> 08:25.771 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% It's a lot of financial issues. 08:25.771 --> 08:30.209 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So more than most, a lot of our attention and energy 08:30.209 --> 08:33.880 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% has been focused on just having the complete K-12 system. 08:33.880 --> 08:35.681 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So we're a bit ahead of schedule, 08:35.681 --> 08:37.583 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% in my mind, in that regard. 08:37.583 --> 08:39.318 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% - I'll say yes and no. 08:39.318 --> 08:41.954 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I would say what you're looking at here are two of the highest 08:41.954 --> 08:44.156 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% achieving districts in the state of Tennessee, 08:44.156 --> 08:46.526 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and we continually set the bar. 08:46.526 --> 08:49.529 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So we know that efficiency is different 08:49.529 --> 08:51.564 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% when we have smaller school systems. 08:51.564 --> 08:53.266 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% There's a joke, and I think you're the one who tells me, 08:53.266 --> 08:55.167 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% like, how do we make decisions in Germantown? 08:55.167 --> 08:57.803 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% We'll have three town halls, two committee meetings, 08:57.803 --> 09:00.339 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and then we'll decide as a school board. 09:00.339 --> 09:03.276 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It's funny, but it's also something special 09:03.276 --> 09:06.012 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% that really defines us and defines both of our districts. 09:06.012 --> 09:09.015 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% When we think about how do we make decisions, 09:09.015 --> 09:12.385 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% how do we move towards what our communities want? 09:12.385 --> 09:15.154 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% There's a voice, there's a way for our communities 09:15.154 --> 09:17.456 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% to really define, and you're talking about programming. 09:17.456 --> 09:19.592 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% You're talking about how are you building your buildings. 09:19.592 --> 09:20.693 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% When I think about what y'all did 09:20.693 --> 09:23.262 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% to design that, it's incredible. 09:23.262 --> 09:25.431 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - Let me shift to some of the more immediate issues. 09:25.431 --> 09:29.635 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And one is absenteeism, what we used to call truancy, 09:29.635 --> 09:33.506 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% which is a national, I don't know, some would say a tragedy. 09:33.506 --> 09:34.807 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% It's a national phenomenon. 09:34.807 --> 09:36.309 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It is not unique to your school districts, 09:36.309 --> 09:37.610 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% to Memphis school districts. 09:37.610 --> 09:40.613 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% I think nationally, it's been pre-COVID to now, 09:40.613 --> 09:44.584 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% the rate of chronic absenteeism was about 15% nationally. 09:44.584 --> 09:46.852 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% It's almost 30% now. 09:46.852 --> 09:49.288 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% Germantown, I think the numbers the state put out, 09:49.288 --> 09:53.926 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% this is from '18-'19 to '22, '23, from 3 1/2 09:53.926 --> 09:56.796 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% to nine percent of students in Lakeland, 09:56.796 --> 09:58.898 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% four and a half to 7.5. 09:58.898 --> 10:01.200 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Shelby County Schools went from 18 to 30. 10:01.200 --> 10:03.836 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% DeSoto went from 8 to 28. 10:03.836 --> 10:06.305 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Statewide, it went from 13% to 20%. 10:06.305 --> 10:09.041 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% A lot of numbers, and not to target y'all. 10:09.041 --> 10:11.777 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Clearly, it was COVID, but there's more to it 10:11.777 --> 10:14.080 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% because we're a bit past COVID 10:14.080 --> 10:16.015 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and these rates are still relatively high. 10:16.015 --> 10:18.517 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So I'll start with you, Jason. What happened? 10:18.517 --> 10:20.353 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% What are you doing? Why does it happen? 10:20.353 --> 10:22.488 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% What do you hear from students? 10:22.488 --> 10:24.724 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And again, I should probably say chronic absenteeism 10:24.724 --> 10:27.326 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% is considered missing 10% of the school days. 10:27.326 --> 10:30.896 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So, give or take 18 days, 18 to 20 days. 10:30.896 --> 10:34.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% - So for us, we did see a change in how students 10:34.233 --> 10:36.769 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and families view school attendance 10:36.769 --> 10:39.138 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and just the drive to get there. 10:39.138 --> 10:41.207 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% So it has been a challenge for us. 10:41.207 --> 10:43.809 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% We have a truancy officer that works with families. 10:43.809 --> 10:46.245 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% We have social workers that work with families to try 10:46.245 --> 10:49.548 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% to remove those barriers for students to come to school. 10:49.548 --> 10:51.317 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So it's something that we always have to work with. 10:51.317 --> 10:54.420 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% We've also had to play with our exam exemption policy, 10:54.420 --> 10:57.356 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and we just changed it again this past week. 10:57.356 --> 10:59.725 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So when we look at that motivation for students 10:59.725 --> 11:01.594 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% to come to school, there was a time at the high school 11:01.594 --> 11:03.829 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% where we thought, "Hey, the only reason you're gonna be 11:03.829 --> 11:06.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% "exempt from an exam is if you're doing well in that class 11:06.766 --> 11:08.467 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and you're making an A in that class." 11:08.467 --> 11:10.936 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% In the past, we used to have a carrot of, 11:10.936 --> 11:13.773 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% "And if you have good attendance, 11:13.773 --> 11:15.841 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% that's also a component too." 11:15.841 --> 11:17.343 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% We removed that cap 11:17.343 --> 11:20.379 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and we saw the attendance rates dramatically increase 11:20.379 --> 11:22.915 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% when we took away the attendance piece. 11:22.915 --> 11:25.918 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And so now we have slowly been removing it. 11:25.918 --> 11:27.820 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% And during COVID, it was higher, 11:27.820 --> 11:30.723 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% but now we are back to five days to be exempt from exams 11:30.723 --> 11:32.992 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% 'cause we have to have those pieces in place 11:32.992 --> 11:34.827 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% to get those students to school. 11:34.827 --> 11:36.395 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% - When you talk about the truancy officers 11:36.395 --> 11:38.364 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and working with families and students, what are those... 11:38.364 --> 11:40.099 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% I'm not asking for any specifics, 11:40.099 --> 11:43.936 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% names or anything like that, but what do families say 11:43.936 --> 11:45.971 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% that they maybe didn't say before COVID? 11:45.971 --> 11:48.140 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - I think everything's different. 11:48.140 --> 11:50.876 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% It's just a view of how they're dealing with school. 11:50.876 --> 11:52.745 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% But you're talking about different families 11:52.745 --> 11:54.513 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% having different challenges and different needs. 11:54.513 --> 11:57.049 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% So they may be working through loss of a job. 11:57.049 --> 11:58.584 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% They may be working through 11:58.584 --> 12:00.352 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% a chronic disease of a family member. 12:00.352 --> 12:02.154 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% And so a lot of what we do is putting 12:02.154 --> 12:04.957 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% people in connection with resources. 12:04.957 --> 12:06.292 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And that's what our social workers do 12:06.292 --> 12:08.961 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% to make sure they're getting those supports. 12:08.961 --> 12:10.362 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% - Same questions to you. 12:10.362 --> 12:12.865 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - I agree that I think it's a myriad of challenges. 12:12.865 --> 12:15.868 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I mean, sometimes it's just economic challenges. 12:15.868 --> 12:17.136 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Somebody's in a situation where they just 12:17.136 --> 12:18.971 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% can't get the child to and from school 12:18.971 --> 12:20.973 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% because of, you know, whatever reason. 12:20.973 --> 12:24.610 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% I do think during COVID, it became not only acceptable, 12:24.610 --> 12:25.845 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% but kind of preferred for people to say, 12:25.845 --> 12:27.747 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% "If I've got the sniffles, I'm not sending 12:27.747 --> 12:29.281 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% my kid to school on these days." 12:29.281 --> 12:31.283 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% And so you put a few of these things together, or maybe 12:31.283 --> 12:35.254 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% they're participating in an athletic team that travels 12:35.254 --> 12:37.356 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and so they're gonna take an extra day here or there. 12:37.356 --> 12:38.557 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% And you add all these things up 12:38.557 --> 12:41.093 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% and I think you end up potentially with higher rates. 12:41.093 --> 12:45.464 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - As an educator, does some of it drive you nuts? 12:45.464 --> 12:48.267 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I mean, I'm not taking away from the legitimate excuses. 12:48.267 --> 12:51.003 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% But that kind of increase, a lot of those things 12:51.003 --> 12:52.905 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% you're talking about existed before COVID. 12:52.905 --> 12:55.775 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% So does it frustrate teachers? 12:55.775 --> 12:57.409 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% Is there more understanding? 12:57.409 --> 12:59.211 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% I mean, what is the reaction to it? 12:59.211 --> 13:01.680 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - I think when you dig into it, you find, 13:01.680 --> 13:04.750 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% very frankly, understandable human stories. 13:04.750 --> 13:06.852 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And again, they're all in such different categories. 13:06.852 --> 13:09.955 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I think for the most part, our students and our parents 13:09.955 --> 13:12.358 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% want kids to be in school and they do just about 13:12.358 --> 13:13.859 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% everything they can to get them there. 13:13.859 --> 13:15.127 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% There's not a situation where I say, 13:15.127 --> 13:16.996 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% "Well, they're working the system 13:16.996 --> 13:18.597 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% or they're abusing it or they don't wanna be there." 13:18.597 --> 13:20.833 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% I just think it's a number of things. 13:20.833 --> 13:22.268 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% - Abigail. 13:22.268 --> 13:24.103 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% - Jason, you've probably touched on yours a little bit, 13:24.103 --> 13:26.972 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% but for both of you, the biggest challenge 13:26.972 --> 13:29.608 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% of the last 10 years undoubtedly was COVID, 13:29.608 --> 13:32.111 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% the pandemic, shutting down schools. 13:32.111 --> 13:33.612 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% But apart from that, 13:33.612 --> 13:36.982 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% what has been your biggest challenge in the last 10 years? 13:38.517 --> 13:41.520 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% - Ooh. We've had multiple. 13:41.520 --> 13:43.656 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Like I said, I think at the beginning, financially, 13:43.656 --> 13:47.326 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% how do we build that reserve and move carefully? 13:47.326 --> 13:50.296 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% One of the challenges we've all faced is OPEB. 13:50.296 --> 13:52.231 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And I remember having it and I was like, 13:52.231 --> 13:53.499 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% "OPEB, what is OPEB?" 13:53.499 --> 13:54.633 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And I sat in a meeting and they're like, 13:54.633 --> 13:55.668 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% "You've got an OPEB problem." 13:55.668 --> 13:56.936 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% And I was like, "Yes, we do." 13:56.936 --> 13:58.604 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And I had to go look up what OPEB was. 13:58.604 --> 14:01.273 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It's other post-employment benefits. 14:01.273 --> 14:03.843 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So Shelby County had a policy where if you worked 14:03.843 --> 14:05.244 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% for the system and you retired, 14:05.244 --> 14:07.646 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% you got health benefits in retirement. 14:07.646 --> 14:10.816 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And so that is a growing snowball. 14:10.816 --> 14:14.553 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And as a district, I think we all worked to close that door 14:14.553 --> 14:16.355 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% so that we didn't have that growing payment. 14:16.355 --> 14:18.424 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So how do we financially provide for those? 14:18.424 --> 14:20.359 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% And cities deal with this too. 14:20.359 --> 14:22.228 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% How do you provide for those retirement benefits 14:22.228 --> 14:24.663 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that, every year, you have more and more people 14:24.663 --> 14:27.566 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% that are retiring and the amount grows and grows. 14:27.566 --> 14:29.168 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So we had to move carefully with that. 14:29.168 --> 14:32.104 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% The biggest challenge I think for us was the zoning. 14:32.104 --> 14:34.907 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% The three Germantown schools, we have rezoned twice 14:34.907 --> 14:37.610 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% as a school district in a 10-year period and you'll have 14:37.610 --> 14:40.512 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% school districts that don't rezone for 20 years. 14:40.512 --> 14:42.314 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% That has been a big challenge for us. 14:42.314 --> 14:44.850 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And how do we do that, and like I said, and get the community 14:44.850 --> 14:47.553 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% buy-in so that they understand where we drew those. 14:48.754 --> 14:52.324 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - I think most of where we've spent our time 14:52.324 --> 14:53.993 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% or a great deal of it has been on 14:53.993 --> 14:55.494 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% facilities in Lakeland School System. 14:55.494 --> 14:58.397 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Again, building two, you know, massive schools within, 14:58.397 --> 15:00.966 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% you know, the first few years of being open is a big deal. 15:00.966 --> 15:04.069 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I'll also say though that, and I know Jason would agree, 15:04.069 --> 15:07.740 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I think increasingly, we're getting additional requirements, 15:07.740 --> 15:10.943 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% restrictions, regulations handed down to us 15:10.943 --> 15:12.311 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% from the state legislature. 15:12.311 --> 15:14.613 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I know that's happening nationally as well, 15:14.613 --> 15:17.983 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% but the targets kind of tend to change, the marks change. 15:17.983 --> 15:21.854 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% You're constantly having to update or adapt policies 15:21.854 --> 15:24.189 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% maybe that you didn't expect to. 15:24.189 --> 15:26.091 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And it actually does take a lot of time 15:26.091 --> 15:28.627 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and energy to make sure that you're in compliance 15:28.627 --> 15:31.764 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% with state law and doing what you need to do there. 15:31.764 --> 15:33.632 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But also making sure your eye is on that prize 15:33.632 --> 15:35.834 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% of child benefit in every situation. 15:35.834 --> 15:38.604 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So balancing those things can be a challenge. 15:38.604 --> 15:40.306 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% - Talk about zoning. 15:40.306 --> 15:43.008 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% we talked about students, I mean, Germantown is unique 15:43.008 --> 15:44.743 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and that had the legacy schools 15:44.743 --> 15:46.812 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% staying within the city limits. 15:48.280 --> 15:50.015 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% I don't have kids in the schools anymore, 15:50.015 --> 15:51.550 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% so I'm confused by this. 15:51.550 --> 15:54.820 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% There's a way in which people from out of your districts 15:54.820 --> 15:57.056 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% can attend, I believe, Germantown schools, 15:57.056 --> 15:58.657 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% I think Lakeland, I'm not sure. 15:58.657 --> 16:00.025 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% - Not Lakeland. - Not Lakeland, yeah. 16:00.025 --> 16:01.226 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Some of the other school districts do this. 16:01.226 --> 16:02.561 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So I'll just focus on you, Jason. 16:02.561 --> 16:04.930 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Where they pay a fee if they're not a resident. 16:04.930 --> 16:06.966 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% How does that whole process work and what's the thinking? 16:06.966 --> 16:08.500 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% - What's defined by state law, 16:08.500 --> 16:10.035 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and this will be our first year that we're getting ready 16:10.035 --> 16:12.571 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% to charge tuition as a school district. 16:12.571 --> 16:15.274 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% So it's based on the amount that the city is providing 16:16.308 --> 16:18.043 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% through property taxes. 16:18.043 --> 16:20.279 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% So what they do is they do a calculation of 16:20.279 --> 16:22.915 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% all the property taxes and it's the equivalent of 15 cents 16:22.915 --> 16:25.250 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% for every a hundred dollars in that property tax. 16:25.250 --> 16:26.919 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% So it's an amount that they calculate 16:26.919 --> 16:28.220 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% and they have to provide. 16:28.220 --> 16:29.989 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So all the municipals have that component. 16:29.989 --> 16:32.658 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% The way you have to calculate the tuition is you take 16:32.658 --> 16:35.260 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% your number of students and you divide by that number 16:35.260 --> 16:36.528 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and that's what you come up with. 16:36.528 --> 16:38.097 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - Which is give or take what in Germantown? 16:38.097 --> 16:39.631 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% - So we have $500 for the year. 16:39.631 --> 16:43.068 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% - Okay, so, I could have, give or take, 16:43.068 --> 16:46.338 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% I could have a child living the heart of Memphis, 16:46.338 --> 16:47.973 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I could live in Bartlett, I could live in Lakeland. 16:47.973 --> 16:49.842 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% I could apply to get there? - Yes. 16:49.842 --> 16:52.845 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% So the way we do it, it's not necessarily an application. 16:52.845 --> 16:56.281 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% You put your name in and it's a lottery that you would draw. 16:56.281 --> 16:57.649 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% But we do it based on space. 16:57.649 --> 16:59.018 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% So we look at grade levels, 16:59.018 --> 17:00.819 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% we look at how much space that we have for those. 17:00.819 --> 17:03.956 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And every year, we have optimal capacity in our classroom. 17:03.956 --> 17:06.225 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So we try to be less than the state numbers. 17:06.225 --> 17:07.926 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And we are less than the state numbers 17:07.926 --> 17:09.294 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% of teacher-student ratio 17:09.294 --> 17:11.497 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and then we do a calculation to determine that. 17:11.497 --> 17:14.099 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% A lot of ours are employees' children 17:14.099 --> 17:16.035 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% that are attending our schools. 17:16.035 --> 17:18.203 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% We also have City of Germantown employees are allowed 17:18.203 --> 17:20.639 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% to come too, so that's a lot of our transfers too. 17:20.639 --> 17:22.441 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - And you allow City of Germantown employees 17:22.441 --> 17:26.779 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and GMSD employees' children to go for free, correct? 17:26.779 --> 17:28.280 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% - Yes. Without tuition. 17:28.280 --> 17:30.015 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - I gotcha, gotcha. Was that a state law you welcomed? 17:30.015 --> 17:31.283 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Or one that you're like, "Well, 17:31.283 --> 17:34.053 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% that handed something to us." - It's not required. Yes. 17:34.053 --> 17:36.388 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% - It allowed it. - It allows it. Yes. 17:36.388 --> 17:38.290 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It sets limits on what they can do, yes. 17:38.290 --> 17:40.059 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - Okay. And you all have opted out of that? 17:40.059 --> 17:42.227 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% - We have, when we started, we just didn't have extra room. 17:42.227 --> 17:43.529 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% I mean, we were busting at the seams. 17:43.529 --> 17:46.365 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And so when we began the system and contemplated 17:46.365 --> 17:48.167 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% if we were gonna have open enrollment, we decided not to 17:48.167 --> 17:49.668 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and have just kind of carried forward with that. 17:49.668 --> 17:51.937 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% All of our master planning has been based on 17:51.937 --> 17:53.939 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% projected enrollment in Lakeland. 17:53.939 --> 17:56.375 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% So basically, in Lakeland School System, you either have 17:56.375 --> 17:59.011 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% to live in Lakeland or we do also allow our employees 17:59.011 --> 18:01.280 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% of the school system in the city 18:01.280 --> 18:03.182 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% to send their students for free. 18:03.182 --> 18:05.284 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - Before, I should note, we have about eight minutes left 18:05.284 --> 18:06.952 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% in the show and we will be trying to get 18:06.952 --> 18:09.154 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% other superintendents from the suburban school districts 18:09.154 --> 18:10.522 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% on in the coming weeks or months. 18:10.522 --> 18:13.025 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And we've been trying to get the new superintendent 18:13.025 --> 18:14.159 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% of Memphis-Shelby County Schools on. 18:14.159 --> 18:15.561 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% We thought we had her, 18:15.561 --> 18:17.429 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% they've had to cancel three, four or five times. 18:17.429 --> 18:19.832 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% We're not quite sure yet, but we are trying to get them on. 18:19.832 --> 18:22.634 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% And hoping the staff can get that scheduled and keep to it. 18:22.634 --> 18:24.636 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% So let me go to Abigail. 18:24.636 --> 18:28.073 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% - Speaking of the legislature, they came out with a law 18:28.073 --> 18:31.410 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% that allows, but doesn't require teachers to be armed. 18:31.410 --> 18:35.514 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% How are each of your school districts handling that? 18:35.514 --> 18:36.882 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% - So I think this is something 18:36.882 --> 18:38.417 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% that each district has to look at. 18:38.417 --> 18:40.486 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% So know that the state law prescribes that you have 18:40.486 --> 18:42.588 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% to have a joint agreement between the principal 18:42.588 --> 18:43.989 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% of the school, the superintendent, 18:43.989 --> 18:46.158 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% and local law enforcement. 18:46.158 --> 18:48.894 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% I think for some school systems, that may be a good thing. 18:48.894 --> 18:53.899 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% If you look at the rate, the time it takes for officers 18:53.899 --> 18:56.435 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% to get to the school, and they may not have 18:56.435 --> 18:58.370 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% school resource officers in their buildings. 18:58.370 --> 19:00.873 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% That may be a need for some school systems to have that. 19:00.873 --> 19:02.608 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% We are very thankful for our partnership with 19:02.608 --> 19:05.110 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% the City of Germantown and we have SROs 19:05.110 --> 19:06.478 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% in each of our school buildings. 19:06.478 --> 19:09.114 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% We also have a floating detective that goes around 19:09.114 --> 19:11.683 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to all of our buildings, and so they are armed. 19:11.683 --> 19:14.319 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And so we don't have the need at this time to do that. 19:14.319 --> 19:16.388 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% It's not something that we would close the door on, 19:16.388 --> 19:18.524 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but at this time, we don't have that need. 19:18.524 --> 19:21.793 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - We don't have our own municipal police department 19:21.793 --> 19:23.996 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% so we partner with the Shelby County Sheriff's Department. 19:23.996 --> 19:26.632 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Sheriff Bonner has said he does not support 19:26.632 --> 19:29.935 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% having employees with firearms in school. 19:29.935 --> 19:33.005 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% So that really closes the door for us. 19:33.005 --> 19:35.874 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% We do have armed Shelby County Sheriff's deputies, 19:35.874 --> 19:37.176 align:left position:35% line:5% size:55% two of them. 19:37.176 --> 19:39.111 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% At Lakeland Preparatory School we have our own security guard, 19:39.111 --> 19:40.979 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% at Lakeland Elementary School, who is armed. 19:40.979 --> 19:43.215 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% He's a former Shelby County Sheriff's lieutenant. 19:43.215 --> 19:46.251 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% So we feel like we've got a very, very good situation 19:46.251 --> 19:48.420 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% in terms of securing our building and our students. 19:48.420 --> 19:51.890 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% - All this comes out of many things, I mean, 19:51.890 --> 19:54.993 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% but one is just mass shootings at schools, and you know, 19:54.993 --> 19:59.164 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% it's about 10 years since Sandy Hook, 19:59.164 --> 20:02.701 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% the first kids who were young there, the mass shooting 20:02.701 --> 20:06.638 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% where 28 people were killed at Sandy Hook in Connecticut 20:06.638 --> 20:07.873 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% have graduated from high school. 20:07.873 --> 20:09.408 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I heard some interviews with them recently 20:09.408 --> 20:10.676 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% and it was just... 20:10.676 --> 20:12.945 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It's amazing that 10 years have gone by. 20:12.945 --> 20:14.379 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% I mean, you all have been educators 20:14.379 --> 20:15.747 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% before you were superintendents, right? 20:15.747 --> 20:17.316 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% I mean, you've been educators forever. 20:17.316 --> 20:21.086 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% The change of when I was in, you know, elementary, middle, 20:21.086 --> 20:24.189 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and high school to when you all started to just even 20:24.189 --> 20:27.059 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% in the last 10 years, beyond this arming teachers 20:27.059 --> 20:31.196 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% or arming staff, what other changes have you had to pursue? 20:32.197 --> 20:34.166 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - Well, I think, I mean, it starts with a mindset change. 20:34.166 --> 20:36.101 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I mean the mindset is: This could happen. 20:36.101 --> 20:37.936 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And so when you look at different situations 20:37.936 --> 20:40.772 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% in your school or you look at the facilities planning, 20:40.772 --> 20:44.209 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% for example, or you look at, you know, assemblies or athletics 20:44.209 --> 20:47.779 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% or anything like that, it's not the, you know, 20:47.779 --> 20:49.681 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% hopefully not the main thing you think about every day, 20:49.681 --> 20:52.017 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but it has to be something you think about 20:52.017 --> 20:54.353 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and we work carefully with our partners 20:54.353 --> 20:57.089 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% in both the fire department, the sheriff's department, 20:57.089 --> 20:59.791 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and Homeland Security and the State of Tennessee, 20:59.791 --> 21:01.560 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Department of Education just to make sure. 21:01.560 --> 21:04.563 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% The question's always: Are we doing everything that we can? 21:04.563 --> 21:06.865 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And we try to keep up with best practices 21:06.865 --> 21:09.534 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and feel like that's what we're doing. 21:09.534 --> 21:12.771 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% - So for us, and it's a new requirement for new construction 21:12.771 --> 21:14.239 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% that you have bullet-resistant glass. 21:14.239 --> 21:16.174 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So we have bullet-resistant glass 21:16.174 --> 21:17.709 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% in all of our buildings now. 21:17.709 --> 21:21.680 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Like I said, we do training with our staff on that. 21:21.680 --> 21:24.182 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% We train with paramedics also and the SWAT team so that 21:24.182 --> 21:26.184 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% they learn tourniquets and battlefield 21:26.184 --> 21:28.553 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% because when the police come to sweep the building, you have 21:28.553 --> 21:30.722 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% to think about who's doing the lifesaving procedures. 21:30.722 --> 21:33.292 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% It's not the police, they're trying to deal with the threat. 21:33.292 --> 21:36.094 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So we do extensive training with our staff too. 21:36.094 --> 21:40.399 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% The SROs in each of our buildings is a key piece for us. 21:40.399 --> 21:43.302 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And then reunification, making that plan for, 21:43.302 --> 21:45.971 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% if you have an event like this, where are you relocating to? 21:45.971 --> 21:48.206 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So we all have extensive plans that we work with. 21:48.206 --> 21:50.275 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - I mean, there's no argument with any of that. 21:50.275 --> 21:51.843 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% I don't think anyone listening 21:51.843 --> 21:53.745 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% shouldn't do those and have to those. 21:53.745 --> 21:56.782 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% But is there a way in which we sort of normalized this? 21:56.782 --> 21:58.750 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I mean, I can remember Columbine, you know, 21:58.750 --> 22:00.419 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% in my lifetime, was one of the first big... 22:00.419 --> 22:04.389 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And now it is, I think anyone would say, way too frequent. 22:04.389 --> 22:06.358 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And also, how do the kids respond? 22:06.358 --> 22:07.859 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% The young kids, the older kids? 22:07.859 --> 22:09.361 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% The older kids have lived with this their whole life. 22:09.361 --> 22:11.663 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% They've seen it on TV, they've seen it on social media. 22:11.663 --> 22:14.299 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I mean, what's the emotional side of this? 22:15.334 --> 22:16.668 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% - I think that's a great question. 22:16.668 --> 22:18.537 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I don't know that I have the expertise to say, 22:18.537 --> 22:19.905 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% you know, their emotional impact. 22:19.905 --> 22:22.607 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I do know that students from a young age now have 22:22.607 --> 22:24.776 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% to be aware because we have drills that are required 22:24.776 --> 22:27.145 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% and that are necessary to make sure that, 22:27.145 --> 22:29.748 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% if the, you know, unthinkable happens, 22:29.748 --> 22:31.216 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% that everybody's prepared. 22:31.216 --> 22:33.919 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% So there is, again, there is a mindset shift 22:33.919 --> 22:35.387 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% is the main thing. 22:35.387 --> 22:36.621 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% - Thoughts on that. 22:36.621 --> 22:38.390 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% - Yeah, I think we have to be prepared. 22:38.390 --> 22:41.259 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% And so that's the promise, not like we're desensitized. 22:41.259 --> 22:43.428 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% It's like everyone knows that your worst nightmare could 22:43.428 --> 22:47.099 align:left position:10% line:5% size:80% happen as a leader in a school, as a teacher in a school 22:47.099 --> 22:48.934 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% working with children and I think that's the fear. 22:48.934 --> 22:50.302 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% And every time it happens, 22:50.302 --> 22:52.371 align:left position:30% line:5% size:60% it's a case study of unfortunately, 22:52.371 --> 22:55.240 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% "Oh, what could have been done better in this situation?" 22:55.240 --> 22:57.542 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% And we're all looking to those events, unfortunately, 22:57.542 --> 22:59.544 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% to see how we can improve our safety. 22:59.544 --> 23:01.513 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% - A couple minutes left here, Abigail. 23:01.513 --> 23:02.981 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% - I know this is kind of a hard question, 23:02.981 --> 23:05.016 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% but if you had a crystal ball 23:05.016 --> 23:07.753 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% and could foresee what your biggest challenge is 23:07.753 --> 23:10.355 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% in the next 10 years, what do you think that is? 23:11.623 --> 23:13.291 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% - We are playing catch-up for facilities now 23:13.291 --> 23:14.793 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% at Houston High School. 23:14.793 --> 23:16.962 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So we have a Houston High School master plan. 23:16.962 --> 23:19.831 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% That building was built in late '80s 23:19.831 --> 23:21.633 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and so that's something that we are looking 23:21.633 --> 23:25.470 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% for funding from our municipality in order to help us 23:25.470 --> 23:27.139 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% make sure that we're keeping up with 23:27.139 --> 23:28.407 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% the incredible facilities 23:28.407 --> 23:30.175 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% that you see in other school districts. 23:30.175 --> 23:31.543 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But that's something that we need to work on 23:31.543 --> 23:33.879 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% so that we're providing the classroom space, 23:33.879 --> 23:36.748 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the lab space, because how we teach has changed. 23:36.748 --> 23:39.951 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% - Similar to the last part, we're always concerned 23:39.951 --> 23:41.620 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and trying to look ahead on facilities 23:41.620 --> 23:43.655 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% 'cause it's likely that we may need another one, 23:43.655 --> 23:47.759 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% certainly within 10 years, but students are different. 23:47.759 --> 23:50.362 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% The way they learn is different, their needs are different. 23:50.362 --> 23:52.831 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So we're constantly trying to adapt to that 23:52.831 --> 23:56.268 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and everything from our schedule to our curriculum 23:56.268 --> 23:59.538 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% to our technology, certainly AI comes into play. 23:59.538 --> 24:02.307 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% You know, what is it that the kids need to know 24:02.307 --> 24:04.009 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that we didn't know they needed to know 24:04.009 --> 24:06.244 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% even two years ago when it comes to AI? 24:07.546 --> 24:09.047 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% - Last question. We could do a whole show on this. 24:09.047 --> 24:11.817 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Vouchers, the governor's big massive voucher program 24:11.817 --> 24:14.419 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% did not pass the legislature this past session. 24:14.419 --> 24:17.088 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% It is pretty clear it's gonna come back. 24:17.088 --> 24:22.027 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Each of you, you support or you are opposed to the voucher. 24:22.027 --> 24:24.763 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Yeah. The opposed to it, and why? 24:26.364 --> 24:28.834 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% - We believe and have stated very strongly 24:28.834 --> 24:31.736 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% that we think public dollars should go to public schools. 24:31.736 --> 24:34.439 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And beyond that, we think that if dollars are going 24:34.439 --> 24:36.174 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% to different schools, then they all need to be held 24:36.174 --> 24:38.577 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to the same expectations and accountability. 24:38.577 --> 24:41.346 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% That's not what the proposals say. 24:41.346 --> 24:43.482 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And I don't feel like the voucher program 24:43.482 --> 24:44.983 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% strengthens public schools. 24:44.983 --> 24:47.486 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And I have to believe public schools are a bedrock of, 24:47.486 --> 24:50.455 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% you know, our nation. 24:50.455 --> 24:53.425 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% And it's important to cause them 24:53.425 --> 24:54.793 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% to be as strong as they can be. 24:54.793 --> 24:58.797 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% - So I'm strongly, deeply opposed to vouchers. 24:58.797 --> 25:00.699 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Every year since I've been a superintendent, 25:00.699 --> 25:03.702 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% we've added 50 laws on the books 25:03.702 --> 25:05.403 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% every year and they don't go away. 25:05.403 --> 25:06.905 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% You talk about the accountability, 25:06.905 --> 25:09.274 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% you talk about the things, the limits around: 25:09.274 --> 25:10.609 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% How long do you have to teach math? 25:10.609 --> 25:12.377 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% How long do you have to teach English? 25:12.377 --> 25:14.446 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% How many hours of PE are you getting? 25:14.446 --> 25:15.814 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% Student-teacher ratios, 25:15.814 --> 25:17.816 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% what exactly are you teaching in the standards? 25:17.816 --> 25:20.051 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% We don't have that flexibility. 25:20.051 --> 25:22.521 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And if the goal is to provide options for families 25:22.521 --> 25:25.223 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% to do that, take the handcuffs off of us. 25:25.223 --> 25:27.292 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Let us have a little more flexibility 25:27.292 --> 25:29.561 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% because we are high-achieving school districts. 25:29.561 --> 25:30.962 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Let us have those options. 25:30.962 --> 25:33.598 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% If you think that parents need to have something different, 25:33.598 --> 25:35.934 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% why are you building such a tight box 25:35.934 --> 25:37.469 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% for public school systems? 25:37.469 --> 25:39.838 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And also too, if the goal is to provide 25:39.838 --> 25:41.907 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% for students' choice, that choice exists 25:41.907 --> 25:44.376 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and you should have other options. 25:44.376 --> 25:47.078 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% We have charter schools, we take transfers for students. 25:47.078 --> 25:49.080 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% - All right. Again, we may do a whole other show on that. 25:49.080 --> 25:50.248 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% But thank you both for being here. 25:50.248 --> 25:51.550 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Appreciate it. Thank you, Abigail. 25:51.550 --> 25:53.485 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Again, coming in the next few weeks, 25:53.485 --> 25:56.154 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% we've got Juvenile Judge Tarik Sugarmon 25:56.154 --> 25:57.722 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% we've got the interim president of CBU. 25:57.722 --> 25:59.491 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% We've got State Senator Brent Taylor 25:59.491 --> 26:01.826 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and Josh Spickler from Just City coming on 26:01.826 --> 26:03.528 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% talking about some of the criminal justice reforms. 26:03.528 --> 26:05.397 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And we're hoping to have the new superintendent 26:05.397 --> 26:08.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% in Memphis-Shelby County School sometime sooner than later. 26:08.166 --> 26:09.267 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Thanks very much. 26:09.267 --> 26:10.402 align:left position:30% line:5% size:60% If you missed any of the episode, 26:10.402 --> 26:12.103 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% you can get it online at wkno.org 26:12.103 --> 26:13.838 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% or wherever you get your podcasts. 26:13.838 --> 26:15.140 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% We'll see you next week. 26:15.140 --> 26:17.809 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% [intense orchestral music] 26:27.519 --> 26:29.521 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [acoustic guitar chords]