WEBVTT 00:06.066 --> 00:06.566 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -Hi, I'm -Eric Ford for Made here. 00:07.600 --> 00:08.433 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -Defending the Dark -from director, 00:09.866 --> 00:12.066 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -Tara Zabriskie focuses on -preserving dark sky areas 00:13.000 --> 00:13.533 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -in northern Maine. 00:15.066 --> 00:18.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -The film examines efforts -to reduce light pollution, 00:18.133 --> 00:19.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -which has benefits -for wildlife 00:19.666 --> 00:22.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and their habitats, reduces -health and safety risks 00:22.800 --> 00:25.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -to humans, and saves -energy and reduce costs. 00:26.100 --> 00:26.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -You can watch -Defending the Dark 00:27.966 --> 00:29.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and other great made Here -films 00:29.766 --> 00:32.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -streaming on our website -and through the PBS app. 00:32.733 --> 00:35.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Enjoy the film -and thanks for watching. 00:44.333 --> 00:47.166 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -This program is supported -in part by the Maine Outdoor 00:47.166 --> 00:48.200 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -Heritage Fund -and Your True Nature. 00:49.533 --> 00:50.066 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -Committed -to sharing the wisdom 00:51.100 --> 00:51.633 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -of the Earth -through advice for life, 00:52.866 --> 00:54.433 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -greeting cards, bookmarks, -stickers and magnets. 00:56.500 --> 01:00.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -The dark sky really to me, 01:00.100 --> 01:03.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -just takes -us back to a place -where we can actually sit, 01:03.833 --> 01:07.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -look up and just hear nature -at night 01:07.100 --> 01:10.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and see the sky and realize -that that's one thing that 01:10.866 --> 01:14.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the world hasn't changed -for indigenous people. 01:14.366 --> 01:16.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -If you look on the map, 01:16.766 --> 01:18.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the light pollution -that Maine -has, this black hole, 01:18.633 --> 01:22.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and that's -because we have an area 01:22.200 --> 01:24.966 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% -that has -little light pollution -and we have very dark skies. 01:24.966 --> 01:26.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% -We need to connect 01:26.833 --> 01:29.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -people as a whole -with the environment 01:29.866 --> 01:31.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and to really understand -that we don't own it. 01:32.933 --> 01:33.400 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -We don't control it, 01:34.566 --> 01:36.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -but we have a tremendous -impact on it. 01:36.466 --> 01:39.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So anything that's evolved -over billions of years 01:39.766 --> 01:42.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -to be nocturnal, -like school of medicine, 01:42.833 --> 01:44.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -if we preserve the sky, -we're preserving the sky, 01:44.800 --> 01:47.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the that -our great grandparents saw. 01:47.266 --> 01:50.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And if we lose it, -we're losing that sense of 01:50.266 --> 01:51.133 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -where we are. 01:57.900 --> 02:00.166 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -I moved back home to -Maine, 02:00.166 --> 02:03.433 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -the coast of Maine -in the early 2000s, 02:03.433 --> 02:06.433 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -and one night I got -out of the car and looked up 02:06.433 --> 02:11.766 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -and I was like, oh my gosh, -the Milky Way, this is. 02:11.766 --> 02:15.966 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -The stars were so bright -and the sky was so black. 02:15.966 --> 02:18.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -It was an -ah moment. 02:18.600 --> 02:21.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -you know, our species has -been in the dark at night 02:22.500 --> 02:25.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -forever. -Until 100 years ago. 02:25.000 --> 02:26.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So I know -when I look up at night 02:27.000 --> 02:29.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and I'm in a dark area 02:29.033 --> 02:33.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -that really brings -out the stars and 02:33.300 --> 02:35.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% have an understanding -of star stories that exist 02:35.266 --> 02:36.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% within our tribes, 02:36.866 --> 02:38.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -really -helps me to understand 02:38.566 --> 02:40.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -what my ancestors were -probably thinking, because 02:42.233 --> 02:44.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the dark sky -really tells a story, 02:44.933 --> 02:47.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and the stars -are that story, 02:47.600 --> 02:49.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and those stories -really have a relationship 02:49.700 --> 02:51.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -to who we are as a people. 02:52.600 --> 02:54.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% If we lose the night -sky, we lose, you know, 02:54.333 --> 02:56.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% !an elimental part of who we are. 02:56.033 --> 02:59.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -We need to find ways to. -Make sure 02:59.066 --> 03:02.033 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -we conserve that sky. 03:05.600 --> 03:08.366 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -This area, 03:08.366 --> 03:11.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -surrounding -Katahdin, has the largest -areas of dark sky 03:11.133 --> 03:12.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -east of the Mississippi -River. 03:12.433 --> 03:13.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -There's -little light pollution, 03:13.866 --> 03:14.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and you can see -the Milky Way. 03:17.400 --> 03:19.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And you can see stars here 03:19.266 --> 03:20.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -that you can't see -on most of the East Coast. 03:20.700 --> 03:24.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -I have paddled -from Mount Katahdin 03:24.266 --> 03:27.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and just like to North -Haven Island five times, 03:27.833 --> 03:31.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -it's an enormous amount -of river and ocean. 03:31.366 --> 03:34.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And really -part of that experience 03:34.166 --> 03:37.900 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -was for me to look at 03:37.900 --> 03:41.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -sort of these landmarks, -these things that happened 03:41.666 --> 03:45.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -traditionally -before contact period, 03:45.666 --> 03:48.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -so that I could observe -or understand a little bit 03:48.633 --> 03:50.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -about what -my ancestors might have 03:50.766 --> 03:52.166 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -gone through or seen. 03:52.166 --> 03:52.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -What's the same, -what's different? 03:53.966 --> 03:54.766 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -One of the things that 03:56.133 --> 03:57.700 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -can't be 03:57.700 --> 03:58.200 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -changed yet, and 03:59.600 --> 04:01.566 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -that's great, is they -haven't altered the sky. 04:01.566 --> 04:05.066 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -And, you know, business -industry, government 04:05.066 --> 04:08.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -has not altered what we see -when we look up at night. 04:08.600 --> 04:12.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -What they have done, though, -is made it a little harder 04:12.766 --> 04:15.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -for us to see that sky -at night in certain areas. 04:18.066 --> 04:20.466 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -So dark sky preservation, 04:20.466 --> 04:23.666 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -which sounds like it's about -bringing the stars back, 04:23.666 --> 04:25.100 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -which it does, is really -about a much bigger issue. 04:27.233 --> 04:27.700 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -So here's the thing. 04:29.233 --> 04:31.700 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -If you can't see the stars, -which, by the way, is true 04:31.700 --> 04:33.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -for 80% of the world's -population, 04:33.966 --> 04:35.666 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% -that's -the symptom of the problem. 04:35.666 --> 04:37.233 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -But that's indicative 04:37.233 --> 04:38.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -of the fact -that there's too much 04:38.200 --> 04:38.766 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -artificial light 04:40.033 --> 04:42.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -being produced -and being sprayed out 04:42.066 --> 04:44.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -in places -where it's not needed. 04:44.200 --> 04:46.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So what are the impacts -of that? 04:46.000 --> 04:47.366 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -Well, yes, -we lose the stars, 04:47.366 --> 04:49.300 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -but that's our symptom. 04:49.300 --> 04:52.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -The real problems, -cover many different areas. 04:52.000 --> 04:54.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So let me hit a few of those -pretty quickly here. 04:54.933 --> 04:57.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -One is if you live -in a light polluted area, 04:57.466 --> 04:59.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -you are at increased risk of -breast or prostate cancer 04:59.800 --> 05:01.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -because it -affects your body chemistry. 05:03.600 --> 05:06.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -it has been -tied to other forms -of hormonal cancers. 05:06.100 --> 05:09.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's been tied to problems -with adolescent development 05:09.233 --> 05:11.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -because it affects -sleep cycles. 05:11.000 --> 05:14.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So it has just direct -medical effects on people. 05:14.200 --> 05:16.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -excessive -light produces glare. 05:16.266 --> 05:17.800 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -So a lot of road lights 05:17.800 --> 05:20.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -which aren't done -well produce glare. 05:20.166 --> 05:21.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -a lot of lights on parking 05:21.766 --> 05:23.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -lots produce -a lot of glare light. 05:23.733 --> 05:24.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -gas stations are famous for -being grossly overweight. 05:25.933 --> 05:27.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -All of these are creating -glare and actually 05:27.933 --> 05:29.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -making it more dangerous -to be on the road. 05:30.633 --> 05:33.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So those are just a couple -of things -that affect humans, 05:33.333 --> 05:34.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -birds and insects -pollination, 05:35.466 --> 05:37.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -which we desperately need. 05:37.200 --> 05:38.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -It's not just for -pretty flowers and trees, 05:38.700 --> 05:40.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -but your food has to be -pollinated. 05:40.533 --> 05:42.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -Some insect -or bird has to bring 05:42.733 --> 05:43.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the right stuff -from one plant to another. 05:46.000 --> 05:48.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Plant that can be lowered -by as much as 60% in areas 05:48.033 --> 05:48.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that are light polluted. 05:50.400 --> 05:52.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So moths are pollinators. 05:52.400 --> 05:54.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So a lot of times -people think of moths, 05:54.866 --> 05:57.966 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -just the caterpillars that -might do damage to a crop. 05:57.966 --> 06:01.700 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -But really, as we start -studying more about moths, 06:01.700 --> 06:03.866 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -we're realizing -that we've really studied 06:03.866 --> 06:06.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -those diurnal creatures, -that it's daytime creatures 06:06.566 --> 06:07.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -like the bees -and the butterflies. 06:09.433 --> 06:11.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -We haven't really touched -moths, so they just started 06:11.666 --> 06:13.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% really studying them. -And what they're noticing is 06:13.033 --> 06:13.533 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% that moths are 06:14.500 --> 06:15.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -incredibly -important pollinators. 06:15.633 --> 06:17.300 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -Unlike a bee, 06:17.300 --> 06:21.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -where bees can be -very specific to a plant, 06:21.133 --> 06:23.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -or they find a food source -and they're like going 06:23.566 --> 06:24.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -to stay with that food -source. 06:24.866 --> 06:26.300 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -Moths are not like that. 06:26.300 --> 06:26.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -They're actually -very generalist. 06:28.266 --> 06:30.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And so they'll go from plant -to plant 06:30.333 --> 06:33.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and that kind of spreading -of pollen across 06:33.600 --> 06:35.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -an ecosystem -is incredibly important. 06:38.566 --> 06:40.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -We don't -have as many fireflies 06:40.100 --> 06:40.633 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -as we used to have. 06:43.533 --> 06:44.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -over a billion birds die -each year trying to migrate 06:45.666 --> 06:47.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% because they get trapped -in the lights of cities 06:47.566 --> 06:48.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% or get misdirected 06:48.666 --> 06:50.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and can't navigate. 06:50.466 --> 06:52.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Most songbirds, in fact, -migrate in, in the darkness 06:54.800 --> 06:55.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and then migrate at night 06:55.966 --> 06:57.600 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -and in the places 06:57.600 --> 06:59.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -where they're cities -and lights, 06:59.100 --> 07:00.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -they get really thrown off -course. 07:01.566 --> 07:04.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So when in fact, -when they did, 07:04.066 --> 07:05.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -when the Twin Towers -came down 07:05.400 --> 07:07.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and they put up -the two beams of light, 07:07.466 --> 07:08.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -they saw fatalities rise -among birds 07:09.100 --> 07:09.500 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -that were flying down 07:11.666 --> 07:13.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -through the flyway -of the East Coast, 07:13.533 --> 07:15.433 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -just thousands -of birds dying. 07:15.433 --> 07:18.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And it really was just -two lights in the sky 07:18.600 --> 07:21.533 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -that changed. 07:27.566 --> 07:31.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So amphibians are nocturnal -and they breed in darkness, 07:31.500 --> 07:33.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and that's what they -they need. 07:33.266 --> 07:36.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And what you'll notice -actually, in ponds, 07:36.333 --> 07:38.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -like if you come up -to a pond 07:38.933 --> 07:41.566 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -that's full of -frog song and spring -and you have flashlights, 07:41.566 --> 07:43.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -it silences them -almost immediately. 07:43.933 --> 07:47.100 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -you'll see that in places 07:47.100 --> 07:49.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -where -there is a lot of light, -they have a harder time -with mating in that area. 07:49.766 --> 07:50.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And those amphibians -make such a big difference 07:52.633 --> 07:54.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -in all the animals, like -the insects they're eating. 07:54.833 --> 07:57.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -And they're -just they're a huge impact. 08:01.133 --> 08:03.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So it -has tremendous effects -on the natural environment. 08:03.833 --> 08:06.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -Then, of course, -to make extra light, 08:06.966 --> 08:09.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -you have to make -electricity. 08:09.066 --> 08:10.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So here's the thing. 08:10.766 --> 08:13.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -For every 100W of lighting -that's on for a year 08:13.933 --> 08:17.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -requires burning a ton -of coal in a power plant. 08:18.266 --> 08:20.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And Americans, -believe it or not, spend 08:20.366 --> 08:23.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -$3 billion a year -paying for electricity 08:23.900 --> 08:26.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -to put on lighting -that's going up in the sky. 08:28.766 --> 08:32.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So the beautiful thing -about this problem, compared 08:32.000 --> 08:36.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -to many others is, number -one, curing it saves money. 08:36.700 --> 08:39.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -You're using smaller bulbs -that are putting light 08:39.133 --> 08:42.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -on only when -and where you need it. 08:42.233 --> 08:45.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -They use less power -so the fixtures are cheaper. 08:45.433 --> 08:47.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -The electricity use is down. 08:47.000 --> 08:48.533 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -That saves you money. 08:48.533 --> 08:50.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And when you do these -things, 08:50.300 --> 08:51.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the results are immediate. 08:51.500 --> 08:53.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -If you turn the lights off, 08:53.533 --> 08:55.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -everything comes back -right away, right? 08:55.800 --> 08:57.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -The birds and the insects -will find their plants. 08:57.866 --> 09:01.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -The stars will come back, -the glare will go away. 09:01.233 --> 09:04.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's an it's an immediate -result that saves money. 09:07.166 --> 09:10.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So for the Wabanaki people, 09:10.133 --> 09:12.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the dark sky really has 09:12.000 --> 09:16.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -a significance -and stories of afterlife 09:16.300 --> 09:18.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and how we conduct ourselves -through life 09:18.433 --> 09:20.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -that we're watching -right now. 09:20.000 --> 09:21.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -The term -Wabanaki is specific 09:21.966 --> 09:25.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -to the northeast region -of Maine in the Maritimes. 09:25.233 --> 09:26.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It encompasses four tribes 09:26.600 --> 09:28.433 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the Knickknack, -the Maliseet, 09:28.433 --> 09:30.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the Penobscot, -and the past Macquarie. 09:30.400 --> 09:33.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And in pre-contact times, 09:33.166 --> 09:36.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -we're all one people, -one language. 09:36.733 --> 09:39.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -considered ourselves -the keeper of the eastern 09:39.400 --> 09:40.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -door. -Wabanaki means people -who see the light first. 09:41.566 --> 09:42.233 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -The sun. 09:43.200 --> 09:45.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And so -we refer to ourselves. 09:45.066 --> 09:47.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Our identity is based on -the sunrise. 09:47.833 --> 09:51.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -People have the first light, -and so we 09:52.366 --> 09:54.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -have been in this area, 09:54.600 --> 09:57.433 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% -proven -for at least 12,000 years. 09:57.433 --> 09:59.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And we have a number -of stuff, stories that 09:59.833 --> 10:00.766 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -talk about the stars 10:02.300 --> 10:06.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and when -we are feeling hopeless, 10:06.500 --> 10:09.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -you know, the Milky Way -that we call it now 10:09.233 --> 10:11.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -in English really has 10:11.833 --> 10:15.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -a significance in that -it contains a story 10:15.566 --> 10:19.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -about our ancestors -who have lived 10:19.100 --> 10:23.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and walked this earth before -us, but have passed away, 10:23.400 --> 10:24.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and they're up there, -and they light these fires, 10:25.366 --> 10:26.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and they go -and sit by these fires, 10:27.733 --> 10:31.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and they look down on us, -and they watch us, and 10:33.000 --> 10:34.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -they wait -for people who pass 10:34.933 --> 10:38.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -in this life to come up, -and they greet them 10:38.633 --> 10:42.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -like family, you know, -with warmth and love. 10:42.066 --> 10:45.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And these fires are each -one of the stars that we see 10:45.366 --> 10:48.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -in the sky, in the Milky -Way, the furthest away. 10:48.700 --> 10:50.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And it's a part it's -the path we need to walk. 10:50.633 --> 10:51.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Once we leave this earth, -we walk on that path 10:54.266 --> 10:56.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -and we find our ancestors. -We find the right fire. 10:57.700 --> 10:58.833 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -And that's really 10:58.833 --> 11:01.766 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -comforting as as humans. 11:09.500 --> 11:11.700 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -Right now -we're sitting at Metal -Whistle Lodge, 11:11.700 --> 11:13.733 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -which is one of the -Appalachian Mountain Club 11:13.733 --> 11:15.333 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -lodge facilities -within the AMC Main Woods 11:15.333 --> 11:15.633 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -International Dark Sky Park. 11:18.133 --> 11:21.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's the first dark -sky park in New England. 11:24.466 --> 11:25.233 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -Katahdin Woods -and Waters is designated 11:27.100 --> 11:28.600 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -by the International Dark 11:28.600 --> 11:31.633 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -Sky Association -as a dark sky sanctuary. 11:37.833 --> 11:41.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So Ranger -Heritage Trust is working -with the community 11:41.100 --> 11:45.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -to conserve the night sky -in the Rangeley region 11:45.466 --> 11:48.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and hopefully fairly soon, 11:48.733 --> 11:51.533 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -I'll have the town -of Rangeley become certified 11:51.533 --> 11:55.333 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -as a dark Sky community -as a first step towards 11:55.333 --> 11:58.466 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -conserving night sky and, -out in a broader region. 12:02.133 --> 12:03.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -We think -it's our responsibility 12:03.866 --> 12:05.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -to take some initial steps, 12:05.533 --> 12:08.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -start here -at the center of population 12:08.200 --> 12:09.233 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -and build out from there. 12:13.066 --> 12:13.666 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -The International -Dark Sky Association, 12:15.133 --> 12:15.566 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -which is globally recognized 12:16.966 --> 12:20.933 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -as the leading organization -against light pollution. 12:20.933 --> 12:23.666 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -They have created a dark -Sky place program, 12:23.666 --> 12:26.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -has different designation -levels. 12:26.433 --> 12:28.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -There's a dark sky, -sanctuaries, parks, 12:28.800 --> 12:30.966 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -reserves, communities, 12:30.966 --> 12:33.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and they're working -on some new configurations 12:33.966 --> 12:38.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -as well -to really kind of help -capture the energy around, 12:38.700 --> 12:42.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -light pollution and -conserving the dark skies. 12:42.766 --> 12:45.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -What we have here is a dark -sky park. 12:45.333 --> 12:49.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -So an area of -substantial area, -you know, region, where, 12:49.000 --> 12:50.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -all the outside lighting is 12:50.900 --> 12:54.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -either controlled -or in our case, minimized, 12:54.600 --> 12:57.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and which is accessible -to the public 12:57.600 --> 12:59.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and has programing -and activities. 12:59.433 --> 13:01.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So it's not just an area -that's dark, 13:01.333 --> 13:03.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -but where we have ways -to engage the public with 13:05.233 --> 13:06.666 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -the natural night sky. 13:06.666 --> 13:08.366 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -And so this is -this is a perfect 13:08.366 --> 13:09.366 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -place to be doing that. 13:10.900 --> 13:12.300 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -And as soon as they started 13:12.300 --> 13:12.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -working on acquiring land -up here 13:14.033 --> 13:15.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and I looked at and went, 13:15.733 --> 13:17.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -wow, that would be a really 13:17.266 --> 13:19.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -great international dark -Sky reserve. 13:19.400 --> 13:21.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -Now a -reserve is a higher status -in a park, -but we can talk about that 13:21.533 --> 13:23.233 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -a bit and we 13:23.233 --> 13:24.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -we aim to get that status -down the road. 13:25.633 --> 13:27.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -We finally were able to 13:27.233 --> 13:27.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -get the commitment to say, -okay, 13:28.966 --> 13:30.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -we're going to go -after this. 13:30.533 --> 13:31.866 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and it involves -quite a bit of work. 13:31.866 --> 13:33.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's not just a matter of, 13:33.433 --> 13:34.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -you know, -writing a letter saying, 13:35.266 --> 13:36.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -hey, we'd like to be a dark -sky park. 13:37.266 --> 13:39.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -In order to be a dark -sky park, 13:39.533 --> 13:41.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you have to have an -exceptionally dark sky, 13:41.833 --> 13:43.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% which we do here. 13:43.700 --> 13:46.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And, that's proven -with the dark sky readings 13:46.800 --> 13:51.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -that we took, -with, sky quality meters. 13:51.066 --> 13:53.566 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -And so that was great to see 13:53.566 --> 13:54.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that we already -had the resource here. 13:55.733 --> 13:56.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -We had to make sure -that our entire 75,000 13:57.966 --> 14:02.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -acres of ownership, -that all of the lights met 14:02.000 --> 14:05.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -the international dark -sky guidelines. 14:05.633 --> 14:06.266 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -and then the final piece 14:08.766 --> 14:11.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -was making -sure that as these regions, 14:11.000 --> 14:14.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -move forward, -and especially for us, 14:14.633 --> 14:18.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -that we had -ordinances in place so that -there would be no future 14:18.500 --> 14:19.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -lighting that fell outside, -those guidelines could ever 14:20.266 --> 14:21.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -occur on our landscape. 14:23.166 --> 14:26.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So we partnered -with Mountains of stars, 14:26.266 --> 14:29.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and their astronomy -programing to kind of bring 14:29.366 --> 14:32.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -some of that educational -aspect to our Lodge's 14:32.266 --> 14:33.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -whole goal in what we do 14:33.800 --> 14:35.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -is to connect people -with the environment, 14:35.700 --> 14:37.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and we do that -through astronomy, 14:37.300 --> 14:38.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -because astronomy -is firstly really cool. 14:39.666 --> 14:41.200 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -Everybody loves it. 14:41.200 --> 14:42.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And it is, of course, -the study of 14:42.700 --> 14:44.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -absolutely -everything in the universe. 14:44.066 --> 14:45.466 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -And that includes you and me 14:45.466 --> 14:47.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and all the plants -and animals 14:47.133 --> 14:49.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and birds and trees -and rocks and things. 14:49.533 --> 14:51.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -And our goal -is to change the way people 14:51.966 --> 14:54.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -look at the environment -and how they treat things. 14:54.600 --> 14:57.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -We also have telescopes -at all three of our lodges 14:57.100 --> 14:58.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -so that, people can go out 14:58.700 --> 15:00.400 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and experience -what a dark sky is, 15:00.400 --> 15:01.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -because it's great -to be able to eliminate 15:02.600 --> 15:04.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -that light pollution, -but be able to show people 15:04.733 --> 15:06.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -why it's important -to eliminate. 15:06.933 --> 15:11.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And just the amazing, -a fun, awesome experience 15:11.633 --> 15:14.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that you get -from the result, -which is an amazing dark sky 15:14.433 --> 15:16.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and stargazing -opportunities. 15:17.233 --> 15:19.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -That's amazing. 15:19.000 --> 15:21.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -Oh my god. 15:27.366 --> 15:30.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -I read something about, 15:30.900 --> 15:32.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% International Dark Sky -Association having reserves 15:32.900 --> 15:34.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% around the world, 15:34.566 --> 15:37.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and when I heard that Roxann -Quimby owned this 15:37.233 --> 15:41.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -86,000 acres -plus in the North Woods, 15:41.366 --> 15:44.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -I contacted her and said, 15:44.800 --> 15:48.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -what about if we turn this -into a dark sky reserve 15:48.000 --> 15:49.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and it wasn't -the right time. 15:49.766 --> 15:53.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -And her recreation manager, -we talked and we came up 15:53.766 --> 15:57.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -with the idea of having -a stars of a quartet 15:57.600 --> 16:00.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -party. -That was that was -a very huge beginning. 16:00.500 --> 16:04.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And then, the idea -of becoming a national park 16:04.733 --> 16:08.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -was on the agenda, -and the National Park 16:08.666 --> 16:14.133 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% -Service -came to do some meetings. 16:14.133 --> 16:15.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And right at the end, -I thought, 16:15.766 --> 16:19.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -I need to talk about dark -skies and 16:19.900 --> 16:21.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -said, there's one resource -we haven't talked about. 16:23.400 --> 16:24.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -They had a little pause. 16:25.666 --> 16:31.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Then I said, is the night -sky, and people clapped. 16:31.000 --> 16:34.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And I just remember -this sort of roar -from the audience. 16:34.800 --> 16:37.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And the National Park -Service picked up on it 16:37.366 --> 16:41.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and he said, yeah, goes -astro tourism. 16:41.200 --> 16:44.133 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -Well, dark -Sky Maine evolved from, 16:44.133 --> 16:45.900 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -being involved -at Katahdin Woods and Waters 16:45.900 --> 16:48.533 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -National Monument -before it was a monument. 16:48.533 --> 16:52.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -In 2014, a group of people -started doing, a star party 16:52.233 --> 16:55.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -there called Stars Over -Katahdin and Nancy Hathaway, 16:55.700 --> 16:57.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -who was one of the founders -of stars over 16:57.500 --> 16:59.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -Katahdin came up to me -after and says, 16:59.500 --> 17:01.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -I think we should start -a nonprofit 17:01.533 --> 17:03.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -to help other people -around the state of Maine 17:03.200 --> 17:05.066 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -who want to work towards 17:05.066 --> 17:06.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -having good dark skies -as best 17:06.633 --> 17:08.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -they can have, -wherever they happen to be. 17:08.666 --> 17:11.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And I said, that -sounds like a great idea. 17:11.400 --> 17:13.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -She says, are you in? -And I said, it -looks like I'm in, I guess. 17:13.700 --> 17:16.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So we were sort of off -and running 17:16.300 --> 17:21.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -like a herd of turtles, -with, the great mission 17:21.866 --> 17:24.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -of saving the precious night -skies in Maine. 17:25.800 --> 17:26.633 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -There is a benefit 17:27.733 --> 17:29.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -economically, you know, to 17:29.066 --> 17:31.133 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -having dark skies 17:31.133 --> 17:33.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -is feel -like on a map, you paint -a green and people show up 17:33.233 --> 17:33.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -because it must be -beautiful. 17:34.133 --> 17:34.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -They mean great, 17:36.133 --> 17:38.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -you know, for a -national park or a state -park or something. 17:38.466 --> 17:39.666 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% -Well, -it turns out if you get a 17:39.666 --> 17:41.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -designation, -an official designation 17:41.566 --> 17:43.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -with the International Dark -Sky Association, 17:43.500 --> 17:47.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -that your dark Sky -sanctuary, dark Side sky, 17:47.100 --> 17:50.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -preserve or this number -of different categories, 17:50.733 --> 17:52.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -then people who want to be -in dark places, 17:53.066 --> 17:53.766 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -they will come 17:55.400 --> 17:57.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -because they want to set up -telescopes 17:57.366 --> 17:58.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and they want -to see these skies. 17:58.966 --> 18:00.700 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% -Because -if you're into astronomy, 18:00.700 --> 18:03.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -you need that darkness -to be able to see, 18:03.366 --> 18:05.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that thing you're looking -for, that star, that planet, 18:05.600 --> 18:07.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -that alignment, -that eclipse, 18:07.466 --> 18:09.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -you need to have -those nice dark skies. 18:09.900 --> 18:12.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And so for this region, 18:14.000 --> 18:16.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -so heavily based on tourism 18:16.633 --> 18:19.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -as being the economic driver -in the region, 18:19.700 --> 18:22.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -this was kind of -a new thing, 18:22.100 --> 18:25.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -something that you could -either come specifically for 18:25.033 --> 18:26.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -or you could tag on to 18:26.566 --> 18:28.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -a trip that you were -already having. 18:28.733 --> 18:29.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -So whether or not -you are a paddler -or a camper or a hiker, 18:30.833 --> 18:31.533 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -you're a hunter. 18:32.633 --> 18:33.300 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -You like to fish. 18:35.266 --> 18:38.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -That dark sky can easily -be tagged on to any trip. 18:38.966 --> 18:42.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So for the community, -it was really about, wow, 18:42.500 --> 18:45.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -this is a great resource -that now we can market 18:45.966 --> 18:49.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the region as being, a great -place to come to see it. 18:58.266 --> 19:02.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% -So we really are -at a crossroads -right now, with lighting. 19:02.100 --> 19:05.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -so the lights that are going -in are invariably too big, 19:05.800 --> 19:08.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -too bright too. -But if you look at satellite 19:08.633 --> 19:09.133 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% data, for example, it's 19:10.000 --> 19:11.433 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -widely available on the web. 19:11.433 --> 19:14.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Just look for light -pollution satellite map 19:14.033 --> 19:17.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and look at any area -from 5 or 10 years ago. 19:17.933 --> 19:19.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And now you'll find out that -things are a lot brighter 19:20.333 --> 19:22.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -now, even though -we're using a much better 19:22.066 --> 19:24.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -lighting technology -that should be producing 19:24.466 --> 19:25.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -less glare, -it's producing more. 19:27.366 --> 19:28.933 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -So if we continue down that 19:28.933 --> 19:32.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -road, -what's going to happen? 19:32.800 --> 19:35.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -The sky will be invisible -to almost everybody. 19:37.733 --> 19:39.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -health -effects will get worse, -and we don't -really even know 19:39.833 --> 19:41.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -how bad it's going to be. 19:41.400 --> 19:44.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -The epidemiological studies -of these cancers 19:44.500 --> 19:46.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -were being done -on my generation. Right. 19:46.533 --> 19:47.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -It shows up when you're -older, in your 50s and 60s. 19:50.866 --> 19:51.366 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -and things were a certain 19:52.766 --> 19:55.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -level of brightness -when I was growing up. 19:55.166 --> 19:56.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Today's kids are growing up 19:56.700 --> 19:59.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -in a much brighter -environment, 19:59.433 --> 20:01.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -so the health effects -for them 20:01.533 --> 20:03.266 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -are going to be even worse. -But that's not really going 20:03.266 --> 20:04.866 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% to show up for a while. 20:04.866 --> 20:08.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So we would expect -cancer rates to go up 20:08.033 --> 20:09.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and behavioral issues -to go up and learning issues 20:09.833 --> 20:10.533 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -to go up. 20:12.600 --> 20:15.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -As more and more generations -grow up within these much, 20:15.833 --> 20:17.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -much brighter environments, 20:17.833 --> 20:19.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -if we keep -going the way we're going, 20:20.700 --> 20:21.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the stars -are going to go away. 20:21.933 --> 20:22.400 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -We're going to see fewer 20:23.400 --> 20:24.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and fewer -bird and insect species 20:25.300 --> 20:25.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -because they're going -to die off. 20:26.966 --> 20:29.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -A bunch of plant -species will disappear. 20:29.433 --> 20:32.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -More pollution, -more glare, more issues. 20:33.066 --> 20:34.433 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -Flip side, 20:34.433 --> 20:36.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -people wake up to this -and go, 20:36.000 --> 20:37.766 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -oh, this is a real problem. 20:37.766 --> 20:40.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -It's an easy fix -that I save money, 20:40.366 --> 20:41.966 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -I'm in. Let's do that. 20:41.966 --> 20:43.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And everybody goes -and does that. 20:43.666 --> 20:44.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -What happens? -Well, the stars are going -to come back 20:45.766 --> 20:47.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -because it's not going to be -where 20:47.033 --> 20:48.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -suburbs and neighborhoods 20:48.966 --> 20:51.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -are going -to be much more attractive, -because 20:51.200 --> 20:52.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you're not going -to have glaring lights 20:52.333 --> 20:52.700 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -pouring into your bedroom. 20:55.666 --> 20:56.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -Streets are going to be -safer for kids 20:57.666 --> 20:59.400 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -walking outside -because you're not going to 20:59.400 --> 21:01.133 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -have glare in driver's eyes. 21:01.133 --> 21:02.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -electricity -use will drop significantly. 21:02.600 --> 21:04.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -All all of those -negative effects 21:04.200 --> 21:06.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -we talk about -are going to be reduced, 21:06.500 --> 21:07.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and they get reduced -immediately. 21:08.133 --> 21:09.833 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -It's not just a 21:09.833 --> 21:11.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -we cut it now, -and in 20 years it's better. 21:11.966 --> 21:13.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -It's we cut it now and -it gets better right away. 21:15.300 --> 21:17.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So those are -those are the two extreme 21:17.100 --> 21:19.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -versions of the future, -the really, really good 21:19.433 --> 21:22.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and the really, really bad. 21:24.533 --> 21:27.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -This is truly something -that individuals 21:27.133 --> 21:30.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and families -can do something about. 21:33.100 --> 21:37.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -There are a couple of good -ways that folks can proceed 21:37.333 --> 21:39.766 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -to make improvements. 21:39.766 --> 21:43.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -we can have our lights, -our outside lighting. 21:43.066 --> 21:45.766 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -It's important for the 21:45.766 --> 21:47.900 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -shield to come down 21:47.900 --> 21:50.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -so that the light doesn't -go out the sides 21:50.833 --> 21:54.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -so that, the light goes -where we want it to go. 21:54.833 --> 21:55.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -People are on the ground -for the most part, 21:56.233 --> 21:57.800 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -for my experience. 21:57.800 --> 21:59.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -And so you need -the light down 21:59.333 --> 22:00.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% where people can see it -so they can, like, 22:00.733 --> 22:01.133 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% walk in on a trip and fall 22:02.666 --> 22:04.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and hurt -themselves and find a way. 22:05.266 --> 22:06.566 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -so shield your light. 22:06.566 --> 22:09.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -That's -so that's an easy fix. 22:09.566 --> 22:11.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -The Illumination -Engineering Society 22:11.600 --> 22:13.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and the International Dark -Sky Association came up with 22:14.500 --> 22:15.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -five very simple guidelines 22:16.266 --> 22:17.700 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -that if you follow, 22:17.700 --> 22:20.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -we'll give you the best -possible light. 22:20.266 --> 22:22.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -But the principles -are very simple, which are, 22:22.666 --> 22:24.633 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -light should be useful. 22:24.633 --> 22:27.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that light should only be -as bright as necessary. 22:27.866 --> 22:31.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -It should only light -the area you need. 22:31.400 --> 22:34.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So, if you have a walkway, -by all means. 22:34.866 --> 22:36.833 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -Like the walkway, 22:36.833 --> 22:39.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -it should only be on -when you need it. 22:39.366 --> 22:40.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -And lastly, -it should have as 22:40.966 --> 22:43.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -little blue -light in it as possible. 22:43.766 --> 22:45.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So you can imagine -all these office 22:45.500 --> 22:47.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -spaces, people work -and then have these bright 22:47.566 --> 22:48.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -fluorescent lights -and everybody hates them. 22:49.166 --> 22:51.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -That's -because they're so blue. 22:51.466 --> 22:53.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's a very intense light. 22:53.533 --> 22:55.866 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -Comfortable -lighting is much yellower, 22:55.866 --> 22:58.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and it's the blue light -that actually creates 22:58.066 --> 22:59.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -most of the health -and glare. 22:59.466 --> 23:00.966 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% -Okay, -so there's a whole bunch of 23:00.966 --> 23:01.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -physics behind -why that happens. 23:02.800 --> 23:06.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So the way to eliminate -that is 23:06.300 --> 23:08.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the bulbs you buy -should be what we call 23:08.500 --> 23:10.100 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the lowest -temperature possible. 23:10.100 --> 23:11.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -So every bulb you buy, every 23:11.333 --> 23:13.133 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -fixture has a number on it. 23:13.133 --> 23:17.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And it might be 3000 -K or 2700 K or 2000 K. 23:17.800 --> 23:20.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -The lower that number, -the better it is, 23:20.600 --> 23:22.800 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the higher -the number, the worse it is. 23:22.800 --> 23:25.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So you see those -really bright blue 23:25.100 --> 23:27.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -headlights on cars -which are like 5000. 23:27.733 --> 23:29.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So for comparison, 23:29.733 --> 23:33.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -wherever possible you follow -those five guidelines. 23:33.266 --> 23:35.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -Have you know only -as much as you need, have it 23:35.366 --> 23:37.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -where you need to have it on -when you need it, 23:37.233 --> 23:38.533 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -and so on. 23:38.533 --> 23:41.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -That will solve the problem. 23:41.333 --> 23:43.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So we can all make -a difference. 23:43.700 --> 23:46.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And I'll use myself -for an example. 23:46.966 --> 23:49.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -I love Dark Skies, -but I hadn't really thought 23:49.200 --> 23:53.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -much about outdoor lighting, -so right now 23:53.000 --> 23:57.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -I'm going through, our -my residence and making sure 23:57.633 --> 24:00.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that my outdoor lighting -is shielded downwards 24:00.766 --> 24:01.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and number one, number two, -I only have it on 24:02.866 --> 24:04.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -when I really need it. 24:04.466 --> 24:07.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -So that's one thing -any one person can do. 24:07.366 --> 24:08.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -The other thing -is reach out. 24:08.733 --> 24:10.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -Find other people -in your community 24:10.466 --> 24:11.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -that are interested -in dark skies. 24:11.700 --> 24:12.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -You'd be surprised 24:12.933 --> 24:14.733 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -if people would 24:14.733 --> 24:16.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% may not know how much -they love the night sky, 24:16.166 --> 24:17.600 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% but when you bring it up, 24:17.600 --> 24:18.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -they remember that -it is important to them. 24:19.866 --> 24:21.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -My next door neighbor, 24:23.933 --> 24:25.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -does -have a telescope, so he's -aware of of the night sky. 24:26.333 --> 24:26.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -But I went out to -look at the night 24:29.233 --> 24:32.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -sky one night, and -he had his barn light on. 24:32.766 --> 24:36.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So I got up the courage -to call and ask him, 24:36.000 --> 24:37.633 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -you know, and I said, I'm 24:37.633 --> 24:38.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -going out -to look at the stars. 24:40.300 --> 24:42.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Would you be willing -to turn off your light? 24:42.133 --> 24:44.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And that light -has not been on since, 24:44.500 --> 24:46.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and that was -a number of years ago. 24:46.266 --> 24:50.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -So maybe the, the -the sentence is 24:50.800 --> 24:53.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -I'm going out -to look at the night sky. 24:53.133 --> 24:56.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Would you be willing to turn -your light off for an hour 24:56.333 --> 24:57.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -and then you can promote -that to businesses? 24:58.033 --> 24:59.366 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -You do it at home, 24:59.366 --> 25:01.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -go to a company -you work for, 25:01.300 --> 25:03.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -look at your parking lot -light, 25:03.000 --> 25:05.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% look at your building -lights and say, hey, look, 25:05.166 --> 25:07.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% we can increase our profits. 25:07.166 --> 25:09.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Make it more comfortable, -make it safer. 25:09.600 --> 25:10.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -Why don't we make this -improvement? 25:12.233 --> 25:13.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Part of the education -is that we, show people 25:14.733 --> 25:18.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that we can save -the night sky and have 25:18.200 --> 25:19.633 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -lighting -that provides safety. 25:20.666 --> 25:21.233 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -And then we can go to our 25:22.366 --> 25:24.700 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -towns and our cities and 25:24.700 --> 25:27.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -make proposals -and make ordinances. 25:27.833 --> 25:30.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -One year -I went around -to all the town offices 25:30.333 --> 25:32.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -surrounding -Katahdin Woods and Waters 25:32.166 --> 25:35.400 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -to talk to them -about dark skies. 25:35.400 --> 25:37.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And the next year -I went around and the doors 25:37.833 --> 25:41.300 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -opened up wide. 25:41.300 --> 25:45.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -If you eliminate a light -or you redirect a light, 25:45.233 --> 25:48.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -or you change the color -of that light bulb, 25:49.300 --> 25:51.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -the result is -you get to see the dark 25:51.166 --> 25:53.433 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -skies immediately. 25:53.433 --> 25:55.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -There are benefits -to doing dark 25:55.800 --> 25:58.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -sky compatible lighting -wherever you are. 26:00.400 --> 26:02.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and it and it's better -for the environment. 26:02.300 --> 26:04.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's better for your health -and safety. 26:04.100 --> 26:07.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -It's better -for glare issues. 26:07.066 --> 26:10.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -Saves money. -So I mean, it helps -in every possible weather. 26:14.633 --> 26:17.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -I hope that -the amount of light 26:17.300 --> 26:20.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -that's coming from this -region stays consistent. 26:20.366 --> 26:21.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -If not, is diminished over -time. 26:23.000 --> 26:23.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and I also hope -that the people 26:24.566 --> 26:25.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -that come here -to see the dark skies 26:25.933 --> 26:26.333 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -take that experience 26:28.333 --> 26:30.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -and that information -and take it home with them. 26:30.966 --> 26:32.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -It means for the future -that we're more 26:32.300 --> 26:33.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% -where can we stay connected 26:35.033 --> 26:36.633 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -to ourselves -and our environment. 26:37.933 --> 26:39.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -Get outdoors, 26:39.533 --> 26:40.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -look at the bugs, -look at the sky, and 26:40.966 --> 26:41.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -and try to make -the connection 26:42.733 --> 26:46.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -between the firefly -and the stars 26:47.066 --> 26:49.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -because they're connected. 26:49.700 --> 26:51.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -If we lose these certain -just elemental 26:51.633 --> 26:55.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -parts of ourselves -being outdoors, experiencing 26:55.200 --> 26:58.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the night sky, -seeing wildlife, 26:58.600 --> 27:03.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -hearing birdsong, -we lose part of who we are. 27:03.200 --> 27:06.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -The dark sky is -extremely important to us. 27:06.166 --> 27:08.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -It is our 27:08.966 --> 27:11.066 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -prehistoric internet. 27:11.066 --> 27:12.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's really important to us -culturally. 27:12.966 --> 27:14.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -It's really important to me. 27:14.933 --> 27:18.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And, my understanding -and my experiences are based 27:18.633 --> 27:22.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -on that, and I want to -kind of keep that going 27:22.533 --> 27:26.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -the dark -sky impacts the world 27:26.200 --> 27:28.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -by cultivating -and nourishing 27:28.933 --> 27:31.400 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% -the sense of wonder. 27:31.400 --> 27:32.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -I love lying on the grass -or lying on a blanket 27:34.500 --> 27:35.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -that ticks around you -on a blanket. 27:36.600 --> 27:37.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Now, with a with a child -especially. 27:38.766 --> 27:39.400 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% -But anyone. 27:40.733 --> 27:44.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -And you lay there -looking at the stars and 27:44.300 --> 27:48.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -and your son, -your daughter, your niece, -your whatever and says "Wow! 27:48.000 --> 27:50.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -How far away is that? 27:50.000 --> 27:51.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -How long would -it take us to get there? 27:53.900 --> 27:56.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -That's that. -That's the ticket. -That's what it's about. 27:56.200 --> 27:58.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% -And if we lose our dark -skies, 27:58.133 --> 28:00.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -it's not that those -questions will go away, 28:00.800 --> 28:03.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -but we'd lose an important -catalyst. 28:25.100 --> 28:28.100 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -This program is supported -in part by the Maine Outdoor 28:28.100 --> 28:30.533 align:left position:30% line:11% size:60% -Heritage Fund -and your true nature. 28:30.533 --> 28:32.433 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -Committed to sharing -the wisdom of the Earth 28:32.433 --> 28:33.833 align:left position:10% line:11% size:80% -through advice for life, -greeting 28:33.833 --> 28:36.500 align:left position:20% line:11% size:70% -cards, bookmarks, -stickers and magnets. 28:36.500 --> 28:38.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -To learn more or to schedule -a screening of Defending 28:38.866 --> 28:42.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% -the Dark in your community, -visit dark Sky film.com. 28:42.633 --> 28:45.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -Vermont public, partnering -with local filmmakers 28:45.733 --> 28:48.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% -to bring you -stories made here. 28:48.066 --> 28:50.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% -For more, -visit vermontpublic.org