WEBVTT 00:00.866 --> 00:03.200 align:left position:30% line:5% size:60% Making It Grow is brought to you in part by 00:03.400 --> 00:05.633 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% Certified South Carolina. 00:05.633 --> 00:08.600 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% This cooperative effort among farmers, retailers 00:08.600 --> 00:10.133 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% and the South Carolina Department 00:10.133 --> 00:12.933 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% of Agriculture helps consumers identify foods 00:12.933 --> 00:15.233 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% and agricultural products that are grown, 00:15.233 --> 00:16.433 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% harvested or raised 00:16.433 --> 00:19.500 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% right here in the Palmetto State. 00:19.500 --> 00:22.500 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% McLeod Farms in McBee, South Carolina 00:22.766 --> 00:25.766 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% family owned and operated since 1916. 00:26.266 --> 00:28.766 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% This family farm offers seasonal produce, 00:28.766 --> 00:31.766 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% including over 40 varieties of peaches. 00:32.566 --> 00:35.800 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% Wesley Commons a full service continuing 00:35.800 --> 00:40.266 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% care retirement community located on more than 150 00:40.266 --> 00:43.266 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% wooded acres in Greenwood, South Carolina. 00:43.966 --> 00:48.033 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% Additional funding provided by the South Carolina Farm Bureau 00:48.033 --> 00:50.866 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% Federation and Farm Bureau Insurance and Boone Hall Farms. 00:50.866 --> 01:00.933 align:left position:50% line:5% size:40% ♪ 01:00.933 --> 01:10.933 align:left position:50% line:5% size:40% ♪ 01:10.933 --> 01:20.933 align:left position:50% line:5% size:40% ♪ 01:20.933 --> 01:24.933 align:left position:50% line:5% size:40% ♪ 01:25.566 --> 01:27.366 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% Amanda> Well, good evening, and welcome to Making It Grow. 01:27.366 --> 01:29.433 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% We're glad that you can join us tonight. 01:29.433 --> 01:32.233 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% I'm Amanda McNulty, a Clemson Extension agent, 01:32.233 --> 01:33.366 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% horticulture agent, 01:33.366 --> 01:35.433 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% and I get to come over with my friend 01:35.433 --> 01:36.966 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% and co-host, Terasa Lott. 01:36.966 --> 01:39.300 align:left position:35% line:5% size:55% And, Terasa, it's just so much fun 01:39.300 --> 01:41.800 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% to learn new things all the time. Isn't it? 01:41.800 --> 01:42.933 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% Terasa> It really is. 01:42.933 --> 01:45.100 align:left position:37.5% line:5% size:52.5% I hope that I am a lifelong learner 01:45.100 --> 01:47.000 align:left position:30% line:5% size:60% and try to learn at least one new thing 01:47.000 --> 01:49.433 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% every day, and being here on Making It Grow 01:49.433 --> 01:50.866 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% affords me that opportunity. 01:50.866 --> 01:52.933 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> And you're the Midlands director? 01:52.933 --> 01:54.733 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Terasa> District Extension Director. 01:54.733 --> 01:56.266 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Amanda> Okay. It's a long title. 01:56.266 --> 01:57.533 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% Terasa> It is, it is. 01:57.533 --> 01:59.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It just means I have the pleasure of working with 01:59.833 --> 02:02.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% about 39 staff members in our nine extension 02:02.566 --> 02:04.100 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% offices in the middle of the state, 02:04.100 --> 02:06.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and helping them to serve our citizens. 02:06.533 --> 02:08.666 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> Okay. Thanks so much. Vicky Bertagnolli 02:08.666 --> 02:11.900 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% over in Aiken, helping people 02:11.900 --> 02:14.933 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% over in that sandy, sandy soil area. 02:14.933 --> 02:18.100 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And, but you're also helping people at HGIC. 02:18.100 --> 02:19.166 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Vicky> Yep, I work both. 02:19.166 --> 02:21.500 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% I work, the Extension office 02:21.500 --> 02:23.166 align:left position:40% line:5% size:50% in person 02:23.166 --> 02:26.366 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% and then help with emails at the Home and Garden 02:26.366 --> 02:28.066 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% Information Center. 02:28.066 --> 02:30.433 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Amanda> Okay. So you don't do as many phone calls 02:30.433 --> 02:31.733 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% at the Home and Garden Information Center. 02:31.733 --> 02:33.733 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% >> No, it's just all emails and I handle. 02:33.733 --> 02:35.633 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% But I do handle phone calls in my office. 02:35.633 --> 02:37.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> Okay. All right, so if somebody has 02:37.133 --> 02:39.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% a question over your way, they can call you. 02:39.533 --> 02:43.566 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% >> You can call, email, text or send me an email at HGIC. 02:43.966 --> 02:46.800 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% You just put attention Vicky on there. >> Okay. 02:46.800 --> 02:48.200 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Or you can walk in the door. 02:48.200 --> 02:50.800 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> Yeah, walk in the door. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. 02:50.800 --> 02:51.633 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% And Hannah Mikell, 02:51.633 --> 02:53.800 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% I'm just enjoying having you come 02:53.800 --> 02:56.133 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and be with us because you're an agronomy agent. 02:56.133 --> 02:58.233 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% And, farming, 02:58.233 --> 02:59.700 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% agriculture is the largest part 02:59.700 --> 03:01.200 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% of South Carolina's economy. 03:01.200 --> 03:02.466 align:left position:15% line:5% size:75% >> That's right. Yes, right. 03:02.466 --> 03:04.266 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% We have our top ten commodities 03:04.266 --> 03:05.300 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% that I get to work with 03:05.300 --> 03:06.900 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% quite a few of them. Amanda> Do you? 03:06.900 --> 03:08.100 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% Hannah> Almost all of them. Yeah. 03:08.100 --> 03:09.333 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Amanda> Okay. Isn't that something? 03:09.333 --> 03:10.966 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Is watermelon one of them? 03:10.966 --> 03:12.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% >> No, it's not, but we are seeing 03:12.666 --> 03:14.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% some of the moderate size farmers 03:14.533 --> 03:16.300 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% who are either going to have to go all in 03:16.300 --> 03:17.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and more acreage and row crop, 03:17.666 --> 03:19.300 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% or they're going to do some niche marketing. 03:19.300 --> 03:21.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And because they already have some of the equipment 03:21.000 --> 03:22.633 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% and irrigation, they have started 03:22.633 --> 03:24.300 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% planning some more, watermelon acres. 03:24.300 --> 03:26.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Amanda> Oh, cool! >> We just needed a market, so. 03:26.266 --> 03:27.566 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Amanda> Yeah. Well, I tell you, 03:27.566 --> 03:29.333 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% South Carolina watermelons are good. 03:29.333 --> 03:31.400 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Hannah> They are delicious. Amanda> They sure are. Okay. 03:31.400 --> 03:35.100 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And Davis Sanders down here from South Pleasantburg, 03:35.100 --> 03:37.433 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I finally realized it's not North Pleasantburg. 03:37.433 --> 03:39.733 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Nurseries on the banks of the Reedy River. >> Mm-hm. 03:39.733 --> 03:42.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> Yeah, yeah. >> Thanks for having me back. 03:42.466 --> 03:43.866 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Amanda> Yeah. Davis> It's always a pleasure. 03:43.866 --> 03:47.766 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> And I think y'all are, it's easy to find. 03:48.633 --> 03:51.000 align:left position:37.5% line:5% size:52.5% It is, if, if you're familiar at all 03:51.000 --> 03:53.500 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% with Greenville, the South Pleasantburg Drive 03:53.500 --> 03:56.600 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% is part of what used to be known as the 291 bypass. 03:57.233 --> 04:01.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% It connects I-85 to Highway 25, US 25. 04:01.533 --> 04:04.700 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% But, we're about a mile off of I-85. 04:04.700 --> 04:07.400 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% We're just south of Greenville Tech. 04:07.400 --> 04:09.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> Okay, well, that makes it easy. 04:09.333 --> 04:10.900 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Yeah, yeah. Okay. 04:10.900 --> 04:12.166 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Well, goodness gracious. 04:12.166 --> 04:13.900 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Well, we're going to have 04:13.900 --> 04:15.733 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% some fun things for you to watch. 04:15.733 --> 04:17.700 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% In between answering your questions, 04:17.700 --> 04:20.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% we have, going to Riverbanks Zoo where they had, 04:20.433 --> 04:22.533 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% you should see the greenhouse. 04:22.533 --> 04:27.033 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It is a marvel of up to dateness, if that's fair to say, 04:27.033 --> 04:30.000 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% so lots to stay tuned for. 04:30.266 --> 04:32.066 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% And one thing, Terasa, we can do 04:32.066 --> 04:34.633 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% is always start off with the beautiful things 04:34.633 --> 04:35.866 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% people have shared with us. 04:35.866 --> 04:38.633 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Sometimes they're beautiful and sometimes they're whimsical. 04:38.633 --> 04:40.333 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Terasa> You are right, we could probably use 04:40.333 --> 04:41.866 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% lots of adjectives to describe 04:41.866 --> 04:45.300 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% because everyone's yard is personalized, right? 04:45.600 --> 04:47.233 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So let's take a look at your yards, 04:47.233 --> 04:49.266 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% your gardens, your landscapes, 04:49.266 --> 04:53.000 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% or a beautiful place in South Carolina has many of them. 04:53.000 --> 04:55.233 align:left position:45% line:5% size:45% Today we begin with Sarah Huff, 04:55.233 --> 04:57.833 align:left position:37.5% line:5% size:52.5% who shared Carousel Mountain Laurel 04:57.833 --> 05:00.100 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% with its white starburst flowers 05:00.100 --> 05:03.000 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% dotted with irregular maroon splotches, 05:03.000 --> 05:04.433 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% and she noted that the photo... 05:04.433 --> 05:05.300 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% She took the photo, 05:05.300 --> 05:07.766 align:left position:30% line:5% size:60% but it was grown by Patty Huff. 05:07.766 --> 05:11.033 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% So congratulations for your successful gardening! 05:11.300 --> 05:13.600 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% Virginia James shared a cabbage 05:13.600 --> 05:15.666 align:left position:35% line:5% size:55% that appears to be swallowed up by the 05:15.666 --> 05:18.866 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% leaves of some potatoes that are also being grown. 05:19.566 --> 05:20.800 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% From Lynne Hester, 05:20.800 --> 05:22.766 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% we have Rocky Shoals spider lilies 05:22.766 --> 05:26.200 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% grown at Parks Mill in Plum Branch. 05:26.900 --> 05:28.366 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% From Sharon Enlow, 05:28.366 --> 05:31.233 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% a patch of blue eyed grass, 05:31.233 --> 05:33.166 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% which is a lovely little native species. 05:33.166 --> 05:35.866 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% And we wrap up with Allyson Hirsch, 05:35.866 --> 05:38.666 align:left position:35% line:5% size:55% whose mailbox had been hit by a car. 05:38.666 --> 05:42.866 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% And what we're seeing, is what has grown back. 05:42.866 --> 05:44.400 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% So she was very pleased. 05:44.400 --> 05:45.800 align:left position:37.5% line:5% size:52.5% It's always disappointing. 05:45.800 --> 05:48.766 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% I think some of these have sentimental value. 05:49.233 --> 05:51.600 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% But thanks to everyone for sharing your photos. 05:51.600 --> 05:52.800 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% We enjoy seeing them. 05:52.800 --> 05:55.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Remember, this is just a random sampling. 05:55.766 --> 05:58.233 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% I think there were 80 plus submissions, 05:58.233 --> 06:00.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and we only get to show about five or so on the show. 06:00.766 --> 06:02.300 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% So visit our Facebook page 06:02.300 --> 06:04.566 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% to see everyone's submissions. 06:04.566 --> 06:06.133 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> And the Rocky Shoals Spider Lily 06:06.133 --> 06:08.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% is a fascinating native plant, 06:08.833 --> 06:11.900 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% not widely distributed because it has very 06:11.900 --> 06:13.766 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% specific requirements. 06:13.766 --> 06:17.133 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% And, so I know that at Riverbanks, we 06:17.366 --> 06:19.933 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% when we were out at Boyd Island, 06:19.933 --> 06:21.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% we could see some from there. 06:21.466 --> 06:23.800 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% And it's a fascinating plant. 06:23.800 --> 06:25.300 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% Yeah. Okay. 06:25.300 --> 06:26.433 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% All righty. 06:26.433 --> 06:28.800 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Well, what can we do to help some people? 06:29.800 --> 06:31.200 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% Terasa> We are going to start 06:31.200 --> 06:33.800 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% with a question from Debbie in Aiken. 06:33.800 --> 06:37.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Debbie brought some grass into the Aiken office 06:37.166 --> 06:38.233 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% and wanted to know 06:38.233 --> 06:41.233 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% what to spray on the grass to kill the fungus. 06:42.300 --> 06:46.166 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% Amanda> Just. Okay. 06:46.166 --> 06:49.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Vicky> Yeah. So. Amanda> A little peculiar. 06:49.166 --> 06:51.933 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Vicky> She brought it in a bag, and this was kind of fun. 06:51.933 --> 06:54.433 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% So what this is, is it's, 06:54.433 --> 06:55.533 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% it's not a fungus. 06:55.533 --> 06:57.533 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% It's fungus-like. 06:57.533 --> 06:59.033 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% But it's not actually a fungus. 06:59.033 --> 07:00.633 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% This is a slime mold. 07:00.633 --> 07:04.566 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% And slime molds are really neat organisms. 07:04.966 --> 07:08.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% There's, there's a range of them. 07:08.300 --> 07:09.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> It's kind of like they've got a brain. 07:09.833 --> 07:11.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% I mean, they're kind of peculiar 07:11.166 --> 07:13.033 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% in the way they move around. 07:13.033 --> 07:15.633 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% It is. And when they're found on a plant like this, 07:15.633 --> 07:16.833 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% this is grass, 07:16.833 --> 07:19.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% it's not feeding on the plant, 07:19.533 --> 07:21.200 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and it doesn't cause any disease. 07:21.200 --> 07:23.233 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% It doesn't affect it with anything. 07:23.233 --> 07:26.100 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% What it is, is it's just using the plant 07:26.100 --> 07:27.300 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% as a substrate, 07:27.300 --> 07:30.833 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% but it's feeding on decaying organic matter. 07:30.833 --> 07:32.133 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's feeding on bacteria, 07:32.133 --> 07:34.233 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and it's feeding on other fungi. 07:34.233 --> 07:37.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So it's not anything that we have to worry about. 07:37.600 --> 07:40.400 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Some people don't like the way that it might look 07:40.400 --> 07:41.433 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% in the turf, 07:41.433 --> 07:44.566 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% but there's no reason you need to spray it 07:44.566 --> 07:47.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% because it's not causing any harm to the turf. 07:47.433 --> 07:48.966 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% but if if, maybe if you 07:48.966 --> 07:50.600 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% don't like the way that it looks, 07:50.600 --> 07:52.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% you can spray it with the water hose 07:52.466 --> 07:55.200 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% to kind of make it dissipate. 07:55.200 --> 07:59.666 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% But what's going to happen is, whenever conditions dry up, 07:59.666 --> 08:04.200 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% either the, the organic matter canopy, 08:04.200 --> 08:07.600 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% what's in the canopy of the grass dries up or 08:07.600 --> 08:11.433 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% the relative humidity drops, 08:11.733 --> 08:14.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% then this stuff will just go away on its own. 08:14.500 --> 08:16.866 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Amanda> Yeah. They're not long lasting. 08:16.866 --> 08:18.733 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Vicky> And there's some really neat ones. 08:18.733 --> 08:20.900 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% One of my favorite ones, 08:20.900 --> 08:22.500 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% y'all already know what I'm going to talk about. 08:22.500 --> 08:25.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% There's one that's called dog vomit slime. 08:25.033 --> 08:27.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And it looks exactly like the way that it sounds, 08:27.433 --> 08:28.700 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% but it's one of my favorite ones. 08:28.700 --> 08:30.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% You can see it kind of creeping over your, over your -- 08:30.566 --> 08:32.533 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% Amanda> Because it does move. 08:32.533 --> 08:34.466 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Vicky> It does. I mean, it's not perceivable 08:34.466 --> 08:36.333 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% where you're going to watch it, it's going to move. 08:36.333 --> 08:38.333 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% But over the, over a few days, you can see it. 08:38.333 --> 08:39.866 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> If you put a little markers in it, 08:39.866 --> 08:41.833 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% you could see it move, and it's a pretty cool organism. 08:41.833 --> 08:44.300 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% It's a really neat organism. 08:44.300 --> 08:47.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Well, I'm so glad we got to talk about something fun 08:47.533 --> 08:49.800 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% in the grass that we don't have to worry about. 08:49.800 --> 08:51.500 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% Oh, they're just worrying 08:51.500 --> 08:53.333 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% way too much about their turfgrass. 08:53.333 --> 08:54.366 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Thanks a lot. 08:54.366 --> 08:56.833 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% Okay, well, Terasa, 08:56.833 --> 08:57.833 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% Terasa> How about next, 08:57.833 --> 08:59.833 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% we help Martha in Clio. 08:59.833 --> 09:01.066 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% She said it seems 09:01.066 --> 09:04.700 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% the number of deer are increasing in fields 09:04.700 --> 09:06.500 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% in major agricultural areas. 09:06.500 --> 09:08.566 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Are farms doing anything 09:08.566 --> 09:11.366 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% to prevent deer from eating their crops? 09:11.366 --> 09:12.366 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% Because I know 09:12.366 --> 09:14.966 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% a lot of homeowners will reach out and say 09:14.966 --> 09:17.466 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% that their yard has become, 09:17.466 --> 09:19.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you know, just inundated with damage from deer. 09:19.533 --> 09:22.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So I would imagine farmers have problems too. 09:22.133 --> 09:25.266 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> Well, we are now the most populous state to move to, 09:25.266 --> 09:27.433 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% and we see that we're losing farmland 09:27.433 --> 09:29.100 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% and open spaces 09:29.100 --> 09:31.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% pretty dramatically in South Carolina. 09:31.466 --> 09:34.166 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% And, so the deer 09:34.166 --> 09:35.300 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% were here before we were, 09:35.300 --> 09:37.300 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and they're trying to stay alive. 09:37.300 --> 09:40.633 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So this is going to become even more of a situation. 09:40.633 --> 09:42.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Hannah> Yes, yes, and if you've ever hit one at night 09:42.900 --> 09:44.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% or during the day with your car, 09:44.333 --> 09:46.866 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% they can be quite a nuisance. 09:46.866 --> 09:50.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Although a good, I guess, protein if you were a hunter. 09:50.033 --> 09:52.666 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% But, but we are increasing in such numbers 09:52.666 --> 09:54.633 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that it's creating a huge detriment 09:54.633 --> 09:56.233 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% to our soybeans especially. 09:56.233 --> 09:58.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% They're so succulent and soft that they love them. 09:58.833 --> 10:00.633 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% And so I did bring some examples today 10:00.633 --> 10:03.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% because I happened to be, scouting some soybeans. 10:03.700 --> 10:05.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And this is where they kind of should be 10:05.666 --> 10:06.866 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% this time of year. 10:06.866 --> 10:09.500 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% They're, they're out of the cotyledon stage, 10:09.500 --> 10:12.833 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% which is the two seed pods as you plant it. 10:12.833 --> 10:14.133 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% The first two little leaves. Right. 10:14.133 --> 10:15.733 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And they're so thick and luscious 10:15.733 --> 10:17.333 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% that they start to push all their nutrients 10:17.333 --> 10:19.100 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% up towards these top true leaves. 10:19.100 --> 10:20.533 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And when they start to do this, 10:20.533 --> 10:23.433 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% they're very tasty, luscious and, and, 10:23.433 --> 10:25.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% you know, sweet, I guess to the deer. 10:25.166 --> 10:28.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> And good for you. I mean, healthy for them. 10:28.433 --> 10:30.533 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Hannah> Right. And so when they do that 10:30.533 --> 10:32.366 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% the deer figure it out and they can smell it. 10:32.366 --> 10:34.066 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% They sit in the bushes and they watch you. 10:34.066 --> 10:35.566 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% I promise you, I've been in a field. 10:35.566 --> 10:37.633 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% I go and go, forgot my shovel 10:37.633 --> 10:38.733 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% just the other week. 10:38.733 --> 10:39.833 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% And I drove back by 10:39.833 --> 10:41.333 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and looked in the same field I was in. 10:41.333 --> 10:42.533 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% There was deer already out there. 10:42.533 --> 10:46.033 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Just as I left. It's like 11:00 in the middle of the day. 10:46.033 --> 10:48.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% So the soybeans, then, as they germinate, 10:48.700 --> 10:49.766 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% they'll pick up, like, 10:49.766 --> 10:52.466 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% this is an old corn stalk, or stover, 10:52.466 --> 10:53.766 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% as they call it in Midwest. 10:53.766 --> 10:55.033 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's latched on to this. 10:55.033 --> 10:57.433 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% But this is right beside it. 10:57.433 --> 11:00.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It had fed a little bit on this and damaged it, 11:00.000 --> 11:01.766 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% but just next to it, 11:01.766 --> 11:03.066 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% they're, they're affecting it 11:03.066 --> 11:04.933 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and there's nothing left to grow back. 11:04.933 --> 11:08.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So, you're talking about the ceilings. 11:08.133 --> 11:09.866 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% You can't even tell they're out there anymore. 11:09.866 --> 11:10.900 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% So you'll come along. 11:10.900 --> 11:11.966 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% You'll see green, green, green 11:11.966 --> 11:14.366 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% and then 220ft of nothing. 11:14.366 --> 11:16.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And then the closer you get to the woodland 11:16.133 --> 11:17.200 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% or the wooded area 11:17.200 --> 11:19.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in the back of the fields or surrounding areas, 11:19.400 --> 11:21.033 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% they've just clipped off the tops. 11:21.033 --> 11:24.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And with the energy that that plant did have, 11:24.166 --> 11:26.433 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% if it no longer has those cotyledon leaves, 11:26.433 --> 11:27.633 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% there's nothing else 11:27.633 --> 11:30.400 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% to really push towards the top and create growth. 11:30.400 --> 11:32.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And so we're really at a huge disadvantage. 11:32.133 --> 11:35.200 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% The deer are, there's a study done not long ago. 11:35.200 --> 11:36.633 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% It's about $30 million 11:36.633 --> 11:39.033 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% worth of loss that we have in South Carolina 11:39.033 --> 11:41.166 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% just from the deer eating soybeans. 11:41.166 --> 11:43.733 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And that's, that's just the yield loss there. 11:43.733 --> 11:45.066 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% I mean, it stretches far 11:45.066 --> 11:47.000 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% and far beyond what people are, 11:47.000 --> 11:49.166 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% their livelihoods, really. 11:49.166 --> 11:52.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Amanda> Well, and they were here before we were. 11:52.333 --> 11:53.600 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% Hannah> They are, I think -- 11:53.600 --> 11:55.966 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> It's a very complicated situation and. 11:55.966 --> 11:57.166 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% Hannah> It is. 11:57.166 --> 11:59.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> But we've got to, you know, 11:59.100 --> 12:01.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the farmers have to protect their crops. 12:01.000 --> 12:02.233 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Hannah> That's right. Yeah. 12:02.233 --> 12:04.033 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Our state specialist has even said at our winter meetings 12:04.033 --> 12:06.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to our farmers is their, you know, landowners, 12:06.400 --> 12:08.900 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% they, they manage their wildlife areas as well. 12:08.900 --> 12:10.700 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But for every one buck you kill, 12:10.700 --> 12:13.533 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% he had recommended like 10 to 11 does. 12:14.133 --> 12:15.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% So are we doing that really? 12:15.533 --> 12:16.400 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% I'm not quite sure. 12:16.400 --> 12:18.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I would think not overly populated areas, 12:18.466 --> 12:20.500 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% we haven't controlled them as well as what we should have. 12:20.500 --> 12:23.633 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> My friends who hunt specify that 12:24.433 --> 12:26.000 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% you're supposed to shoot does. 12:26.000 --> 12:28.400 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% I mean, you're not supposed to be going after the big antlers. 12:28.400 --> 12:31.666 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% If you want to control the population and keep it in bay, 12:31.666 --> 12:32.866 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% then you go after does. 12:32.866 --> 12:34.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Hannah> Well, and the antlers are grown 12:34.500 --> 12:35.966 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% from the nutrients they eat, right? 12:35.966 --> 12:37.300 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% So if you've got tens of 12:38.366 --> 12:40.866 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% 12 amount more than 12:40.866 --> 12:43.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% 12 times the amount of does that you do deer or buck's out there, 12:43.700 --> 12:44.933 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% then they're not going to have 12:44.933 --> 12:46.333 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% the nutrients they need to eat. 12:46.333 --> 12:48.766 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% So yeah, that's a balancing act. 12:48.766 --> 12:50.533 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> Thank you. And the meat is very good. 12:50.533 --> 12:52.033 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Very delicious. Hannah> It is! Right, right. 12:52.033 --> 12:53.966 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Amanda> Yeah, yeah, okay. 12:53.966 --> 12:55.400 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Well, Terasa? 12:55.400 --> 12:57.700 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Terasa> What have we got next? 12:57.700 --> 13:00.800 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% It seems that Brad in Conway is feeling a 13:00.800 --> 13:02.666 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% little confused and I don't blame him. 13:02.666 --> 13:05.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% He says plant terminology is so confusing. 13:05.333 --> 13:06.333 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% What's the difference 13:06.333 --> 13:09.433 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% between a hybrid and a cultivar? 13:09.433 --> 13:11.166 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% Amanda> Oh, goodness. 13:11.166 --> 13:12.933 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% Well, you're up there 13:12.933 --> 13:15.233 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% ordering things and looking at catalogs. 13:15.233 --> 13:16.800 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% You think you can help us? 13:16.800 --> 13:21.600 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Davis> I think so. Really, the, the, the, terminology, is, 13:21.600 --> 13:23.233 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% isn't as confusing as, as it 13:23.233 --> 13:25.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% or is, is more confusing than it should be. 13:25.633 --> 13:29.233 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% A hybrid is a distinct offspring 13:29.233 --> 13:31.433 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% between two members of the same genus, 13:31.433 --> 13:33.066 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% but probably different species. 13:33.066 --> 13:35.000 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Say, for instance, a dog and a wolf 13:35.000 --> 13:36.466 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% crossbreeding produces 13:36.466 --> 13:38.800 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% an offspring that's a hybrid. Amanda> Okay. 13:38.800 --> 13:41.766 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Hybrids can occur in nature. Amanda> All right. 13:41.766 --> 13:43.533 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% And they do quite frequently. 13:43.533 --> 13:46.566 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% A cultivar is sort of a misused name, 13:46.566 --> 13:47.733 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% but a cultivar basically 13:47.733 --> 13:51.600 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% would not exist without man's intervention. 13:51.600 --> 13:54.533 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Usually it's, it's a sport of a plant that shows 13:54.533 --> 13:57.300 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% a different characteristic from the parent plant, so. 13:57.300 --> 14:00.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Amanda> Something people would like to, 14:00.000 --> 14:01.300 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% that they find attractive. 14:01.300 --> 14:03.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% >> So a plantsman, a nurseryman, 14:03.166 --> 14:05.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% even a, even a homeowner or a hobby gardener 14:05.700 --> 14:07.533 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% sees something different 14:07.533 --> 14:08.866 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% on a plant that's desirable, 14:08.866 --> 14:09.966 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% and they propagate it 14:09.966 --> 14:11.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and they continue to propagate it. 14:11.300 --> 14:13.900 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And all of a sudden you have an entirely new plant 14:13.900 --> 14:16.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that has the same genetic make up of the parent plant, 14:16.900 --> 14:18.866 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% but an entirely different appearance. 14:20.766 --> 14:22.000 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% Sometimes when, 14:22.000 --> 14:25.600 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% when we have those types of selections from native plants, 14:25.600 --> 14:27.100 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% they're termed "nativars" 14:27.100 --> 14:28.500 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% or cultivars of native plants. 14:28.500 --> 14:30.766 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% But this gets into the area 14:30.766 --> 14:31.900 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% where we are 14:31.900 --> 14:34.066 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% trying to establish a new terminology. 14:34.066 --> 14:35.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Instead of using cultivar, nativar, 14:35.766 --> 14:37.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% we're calling it selections 14:37.600 --> 14:39.466 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% because that's exactly what we've done. 14:39.466 --> 14:41.433 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% We have found a trait that we like to propagate, 14:41.433 --> 14:43.000 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% and we select that 14:43.000 --> 14:45.333 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% and increase the population of it. 14:45.333 --> 14:49.633 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% A perfect example are the, 14:51.033 --> 14:54.833 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% our native alum root or heuchera americana. >> Yes, yes. 14:54.833 --> 14:56.433 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's, it's a very common 14:56.433 --> 14:58.633 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% native plant, beautiful little plant. 14:58.633 --> 15:00.733 align:left position:45% line:83% size:45% But, somewhere along the line, 15:00.733 --> 15:03.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% somebody saw one that had this interesting, 15:03.133 --> 15:06.333 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% dark, purple venation on the leaves. 15:06.800 --> 15:09.366 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% And so they, they took a division of it 15:09.366 --> 15:11.400 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% and they started propagating it and multiplying it. 15:11.400 --> 15:14.466 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And all of a sudden we now have heuchera green spice. 15:14.466 --> 15:18.200 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% The genetic makeup is basically the same as 15:18.200 --> 15:19.400 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% the native alum root, 15:19.400 --> 15:22.333 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% but it's got these beautiful leaves that you don't see 15:22.333 --> 15:24.533 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% only on the parent species. 15:24.533 --> 15:28.266 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Another one is the Polemonium reptans or 15:28.266 --> 15:31.133 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% Jacob's Ladder. 15:31.133 --> 15:33.533 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% This one, this one is called 15:33.533 --> 15:34.533 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% Stairway to Heaven 15:34.533 --> 15:38.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% because it's got this, this, beautiful, 15:38.566 --> 15:40.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% white variegation on the leaves. 15:40.500 --> 15:42.800 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% The, the species is pure green. 15:42.800 --> 15:44.900 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% The flowers are a little bit darker. 15:44.900 --> 15:47.966 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% And one of the common names for this is Jacob's ladder. >> Yes. 15:47.966 --> 15:50.900 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% And, they, they selected the name 15:50.900 --> 15:52.600 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Stairway to Heaven to indicate 15:52.600 --> 15:55.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% that maybe that's how Jacob sinned. 15:55.600 --> 15:58.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But the, the, the only, the only true difference 15:58.766 --> 16:01.133 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% genetically is the fact that 16:01.133 --> 16:03.366 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% these are growing with the variegated leaves. 16:03.366 --> 16:05.266 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And if you do a DNA extraction, you'll find 16:05.266 --> 16:07.600 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% they're pretty much identical. 16:07.600 --> 16:09.333 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Amanda> Terasa, we're always looking at things 16:09.333 --> 16:12.000 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% that are larval food sources. 16:12.733 --> 16:14.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I'm thinking of something that comes to mind, 16:14.800 --> 16:16.700 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% the redbuds. 16:16.700 --> 16:18.900 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and now there are all these ones that don't have 16:20.133 --> 16:21.233 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Terasa> Don't have green leaves. 16:21.233 --> 16:23.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> Don't have the typical leaf. 16:23.133 --> 16:24.466 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% And, I'm just wondering 16:24.466 --> 16:26.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% if it's a larval food source, 16:26.533 --> 16:29.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% if that's always going to be a sustainable system, 16:29.933 --> 16:32.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% give us sustenance or be preferable, 16:32.466 --> 16:34.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% or even do what they need for it to do. 16:34.766 --> 16:37.700 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Terasa> Right. So it's an area of emerging research. >> It is? 16:37.700 --> 16:40.533 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% And what I understand 16:40.533 --> 16:43.233 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% thus far is that 16:43.233 --> 16:45.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% especially if we're thinking about the host 16:45.466 --> 16:47.033 align:left position:45% line:83% size:45% plant for a caterpillar, right? 16:47.033 --> 16:49.033 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Caterpillars feed on leaves. 16:49.033 --> 16:50.800 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% If we change that pigment, 16:50.800 --> 16:53.366 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% so we turn a green leaf purple, 16:53.366 --> 16:56.533 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that that may have a significant impact 16:56.533 --> 16:59.266 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% on whether or not that caterpillar can now feed 16:59.266 --> 17:01.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% because they are not used to having 17:01.500 --> 17:03.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that other pigment in the leaf. 17:03.466 --> 17:06.600 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And so, there's other things to take into consideration. 17:06.600 --> 17:07.600 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% The flower form 17:07.600 --> 17:08.966 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% and whether, or if we change it 17:08.966 --> 17:13.400 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and the nectar is not accessible anymore. So. 17:13.400 --> 17:15.366 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> Or if it's doubled or something? Or I don't know. 17:15.366 --> 17:18.000 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Anyway, different things. 17:18.000 --> 17:20.133 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% >> Exactly, exactly. So, like I said, it's an area of emerging 17:20.133 --> 17:22.433 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% research, but in terms of 17:23.666 --> 17:26.733 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% wildlife value, 17:26.733 --> 17:29.200 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% it would be that that native species 17:29.200 --> 17:32.200 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% or naturally occurring sports or things 17:32.800 --> 17:35.800 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% on which those insects have co-evolved. 17:37.466 --> 17:40.900 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Amanda> So, I guess, we, 17:42.733 --> 17:45.166 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% so sometimes substrate species 17:45.166 --> 17:46.866 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% for certain people 17:46.866 --> 17:48.733 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% who want to do certain, want to be certain 17:48.733 --> 17:51.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% that the insects can use it to its 17:52.066 --> 17:54.500 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% complete advantage might be the best. 17:54.500 --> 17:57.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Davis> It's, it's really more of a concern 17:57.000 --> 17:58.233 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% for the people that are planting, 17:58.233 --> 18:00.933 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% not, not for the aesthetic value of the plant, 18:00.933 --> 18:02.466 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% but for the wildlife value. 18:02.466 --> 18:05.233 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% A perfect example is the purple cone flower. 18:05.233 --> 18:07.100 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% The echinacea purpurea is 18:07.100 --> 18:10.566 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% the, the species has large seed heads 18:10.566 --> 18:13.433 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and very swept back petals, so that the, 18:13.433 --> 18:16.433 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the seed head is, is readily available. 18:17.200 --> 18:20.466 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% A lot of the newer selections, 18:20.466 --> 18:23.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the double flowering ones where, where those, 18:23.133 --> 18:24.233 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% those little seed heads 18:24.233 --> 18:27.300 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% are completely covered by the, by the, the, 18:27.833 --> 18:29.366 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the structures on the flower 18:29.366 --> 18:31.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% are not accessible to the to the butterflies 18:31.633 --> 18:33.433 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% and bees that love the species. 18:33.433 --> 18:35.866 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% So the more open that flower is, the, 18:35.866 --> 18:38.266 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% the happier the bees are going to be. 18:38.266 --> 18:40.300 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Amanda> Oh, goodness. Well, thank you. 18:40.300 --> 18:41.866 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% (laughter) 18:41.866 --> 18:44.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% But thank you for explaining it so, so well. 18:44.133 --> 18:45.766 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% I really do appreciate it. 18:45.766 --> 18:48.533 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% We really enjoy going to Riverbanks Zoo 18:48.533 --> 18:53.300 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and Garden and, they do a lot in their greenhouse. 18:53.300 --> 18:55.700 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And now they've got a pretty wonderful, 18:55.700 --> 18:58.700 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% fabulous, interesting greenhouse. 19:02.100 --> 19:04.633 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% I'm talking to Eric Shealy at Riverbank Zoo 19:04.633 --> 19:08.333 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and Garden in the brand new wonderful greenhouses. 19:08.333 --> 19:09.733 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% >> Thank you, thank you. Yes. 19:09.733 --> 19:12.733 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Amanda> And you know, when you think about 19:13.000 --> 19:15.000 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% Riverbanks Zoo and Garden, people 19:15.000 --> 19:16.900 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% think about the zoo aspect and the animals. 19:16.900 --> 19:18.533 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% But of course, the garden side 19:18.533 --> 19:20.066 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% is exquisite in its own right. 19:20.066 --> 19:22.000 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And then throughout the entirety of it, 19:22.000 --> 19:23.800 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% it's plants, plants, plants, plants. 19:23.800 --> 19:25.633 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Eric> We're heavily planted. 19:25.633 --> 19:28.266 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> Yes, you are. And so they've got to be protected 19:28.266 --> 19:29.433 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% and you've got to propagate. 19:29.433 --> 19:31.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And you needed a better greenhouse. 19:31.000 --> 19:33.100 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% So, this is it. 19:33.100 --> 19:35.533 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Eric> Yeah. This is a, this is a while coming. 19:35.533 --> 19:37.766 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% The last greenhouses were about 28 years old. 19:37.766 --> 19:38.933 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% We definitely 19:40.366 --> 19:42.766 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% designed better, this time. 19:42.766 --> 19:44.900 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So, we got something that was a lot more 19:44.900 --> 19:45.766 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% structurally sound, 19:45.766 --> 19:48.733 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% a lot more advanced technologically. 19:48.733 --> 19:53.266 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% And then, we have seen the results, especially this year. 19:53.266 --> 19:55.500 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% A lot more happier plants. 19:55.500 --> 19:56.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> And, I think it, we've even, 19:56.900 --> 19:59.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% we're almost hurricane proof, too, I think. 19:59.566 --> 20:02.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Eric> Yeah, this building is very solid. 20:02.066 --> 20:06.266 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% They said it was rated to a category 4 hurricane, so. Yes. 20:06.566 --> 20:08.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> So this is where we'll all come to evacuate. 20:08.700 --> 20:11.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Eric> I mean, it might be scary, but. Yeah. I mean. Yeah. 20:11.800 --> 20:14.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Amanda> But, so let's talk about some of the wonderful features 20:14.966 --> 20:16.633 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% that this greenhouse has that 20:16.633 --> 20:18.733 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% make it, life, so much easier for you 20:18.733 --> 20:20.666 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and let you have more plants and everything. 20:20.666 --> 20:23.233 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Eric> So, when we designed these, 20:23.233 --> 20:24.500 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% we sat down with an engineer 20:24.500 --> 20:26.833 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% from our greenhouse company, Stuffy Greenhouses 20:26.833 --> 20:28.733 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% out of Kansas City, 20:28.733 --> 20:31.900 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and they basically gave us a rep who is local, 20:31.900 --> 20:36.733 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and he helped us design based upon our wants. 20:36.733 --> 20:40.000 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% So our needs and wants were all met 20:41.066 --> 20:42.233 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% pretty much. 20:42.233 --> 20:44.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And he made those a reality 20:44.933 --> 20:48.533 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% by, you know, coupling what we needed to tell 20:48.533 --> 20:49.666 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% to get out of them. 20:49.666 --> 20:51.400 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And he just made it a reality. 20:51.400 --> 20:54.366 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And which is the best of building relationships. 20:54.366 --> 20:57.200 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% If anybody's built a house or anything before, 20:57.200 --> 21:00.266 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% if somebody can extrapolate what you need, 21:01.133 --> 21:02.400 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% that's the best thing. 21:02.400 --> 21:03.533 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% But, no, our, 21:03.533 --> 21:06.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% our advancements, we can grow a ton more plants. 21:07.333 --> 21:09.700 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% There's a ton more automation. 21:09.700 --> 21:11.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% So I can control everything 21:11.666 --> 21:14.300 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% from the phone in my pocket. 21:14.300 --> 21:16.333 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% I can sit at home and I can change temperatures 21:16.333 --> 21:19.766 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% and I can, I can put shade on houses. 21:19.766 --> 21:24.000 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% I can regulate the temperature of any, any house. 21:24.000 --> 21:27.133 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% Cool it up, cool it down, warm it up. 21:27.133 --> 21:28.866 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% It's, it's kind of fantastic. 21:28.866 --> 21:30.100 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% I can evacuate all the air 21:30.100 --> 21:31.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% out of a house in one go if I need to. 21:31.966 --> 21:33.566 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% So if you, if you have, 21:34.800 --> 21:37.033 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% like, a pesticide application that you really need 21:37.033 --> 21:38.400 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% to get out of the house really quick, 21:38.400 --> 21:40.800 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% you can evacuate it. >> Good heavens! 21:40.800 --> 21:42.566 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Yeah. So it's, it's, it's a lot of things 21:42.566 --> 21:44.100 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% that people don't really think about. 21:44.100 --> 21:47.333 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% But it makes our life a lot easier. 21:48.200 --> 21:52.066 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> Every year you start over with lots of things 21:52.066 --> 21:54.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that are going to be used by the gardeners. 21:54.066 --> 21:55.300 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% And I thought you probably 21:55.300 --> 21:56.700 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% just picked everything out and grew it. 21:56.700 --> 21:57.933 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% That's not the way it works. 21:57.933 --> 22:00.233 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Eric> It would be a lot easier if I picked everything out 22:00.233 --> 22:01.833 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% and grew it, because it would not, it, 22:01.833 --> 22:03.733 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% well, honestly, it wouldn't be a challenge 22:03.733 --> 22:05.200 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% if I, if I wanted it to be. 22:05.200 --> 22:07.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But I do like a challenge when I grow. 22:07.133 --> 22:08.433 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% So, our gardeners, 22:08.433 --> 22:10.033 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% we have about ten gardeners 22:10.033 --> 22:12.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and they all have their different areas. 22:12.700 --> 22:13.966 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And we also have group areas. 22:13.966 --> 22:15.000 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% And our, one of our 22:15.000 --> 22:17.633 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% horticulturists designs for those, 22:17.633 --> 22:21.566 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and we're constantly trying to push limits with things. 22:21.566 --> 22:23.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% We grow new things every year. 22:23.333 --> 22:24.933 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% There's not been a year 22:24.933 --> 22:26.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that I've been doing this job that we haven't grown 22:26.666 --> 22:28.100 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% something that I haven't grown before. 22:28.100 --> 22:31.033 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So that, as a grower who likes challenges, 22:31.033 --> 22:35.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that's a tremendous part of why I love this job. 22:35.966 --> 22:38.100 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But having greenhouses like this 22:38.100 --> 22:39.700 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% definitely make that a little bit, 22:39.700 --> 22:41.733 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and experimentation a little bit easier. 22:41.733 --> 22:43.300 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% Amanda> But you also have things that, 22:43.300 --> 22:45.966 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% you know, just work wonderfully. 22:45.966 --> 22:47.100 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Eric> Oh, yes. Absolutely. 22:47.100 --> 22:48.533 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Amanda> And, let's talk about some of those 22:48.533 --> 22:50.433 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% because maybe there are some things that some people 22:50.433 --> 22:53.600 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% might want to consider growing in their 22:53.600 --> 22:55.500 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% South Carolina garden where it's hot, 22:55.500 --> 22:56.933 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% hotter than blue blazes, 22:56.933 --> 22:59.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and sometimes it doesn't rain and all that kind of stuff. 22:59.233 --> 23:02.533 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Eric> So, a lot of the things that we grow for hot, 23:02.533 --> 23:04.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the hot and humid climate here, 23:04.300 --> 23:05.733 align:left position:42.5% line:89% size:47.5% I mean, 23:05.733 --> 23:07.033 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% if anybody 23:07.033 --> 23:09.266 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% ever wants to know what grows in hot and humid, 23:09.266 --> 23:13.533 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% they can always get in contact with us, because we know. 23:13.533 --> 23:17.600 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% When you grow annuals or perennials or whatever 23:17.600 --> 23:20.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in a brick oven, that is our botanical garden, 23:20.566 --> 23:23.366 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% or the zoo next to a river, 23:23.366 --> 23:26.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% hot, humid, is, you know, we're famously hot 23:26.600 --> 23:29.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% for a reason in Columbia, but, in the greenhouse 23:29.933 --> 23:31.500 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% right now, we have salvias. 23:31.500 --> 23:33.200 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% They're always a stalwart, 23:33.200 --> 23:34.700 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% heat and humidity tolerant. 23:36.066 --> 23:39.033 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% The plant, we have lantana, of course, 23:39.033 --> 23:40.933 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% lantana is heat and humidity tolerant. 23:40.933 --> 23:43.933 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% We also have some cool things like 23:44.733 --> 23:47.466 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% Nicotianas, the flowering tobacco. 23:47.466 --> 23:48.800 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Then people think, oh, tobacco, 23:48.800 --> 23:50.433 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% you're going to grow like in the fields. 23:50.433 --> 23:51.900 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% And yes, it's related to that, 23:51.900 --> 23:53.166 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% but no, these are very showy. 23:53.166 --> 23:56.000 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And they actually last pretty decently for us we found out. 23:56.000 --> 24:00.300 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% We also have a lot of different vincas. 24:00.300 --> 24:02.833 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% We love a, we love Mediterranean vinca. 24:02.833 --> 24:06.866 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It really loves our hot and humid climate. 24:07.766 --> 24:09.733 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Amanda> At the moment, we're standing in the area 24:09.733 --> 24:11.233 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% where you overwinter the tropicals. >> Oh, yes. 24:12.200 --> 24:13.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And some of these are really big, 24:13.933 --> 24:15.566 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% and apparently, you've got a forklift. 24:15.566 --> 24:17.833 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% And so you can take these out 24:17.833 --> 24:19.000 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% and put them in places 24:19.000 --> 24:20.766 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% where they really add a bunch of wow, wow, wow. 24:20.766 --> 24:21.966 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% Eric> Yeah. 24:21.966 --> 24:24.966 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So after the after threat of frost is gone, 24:24.966 --> 24:25.833 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% these will go out. 24:25.833 --> 24:27.366 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% We usually take a forklift 24:27.366 --> 24:29.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and we place them around the zoo and the garden. 24:29.766 --> 24:32.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% We'll do that before we even open to the public. 24:32.566 --> 24:34.766 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% So we're here at 6:00am 24:34.766 --> 24:36.866 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% getting these large pots out 24:36.866 --> 24:38.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and having them in place by nine. 24:38.800 --> 24:43.233 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So it's, it's, a little bit of a magic factor, 24:43.233 --> 24:45.300 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% but we, I mean, when we put them out, 24:45.300 --> 24:46.366 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% it is instant wow. 24:46.366 --> 24:48.366 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Because we can, we can grow them here. 24:48.366 --> 24:51.400 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% And they look just as good here as they will out there. 24:51.400 --> 24:55.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% This greenhouse holds our tropical collection, of course. 24:55.300 --> 24:59.066 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And it has plants that we, we rotate in and out of 24:59.066 --> 25:00.700 align:left position:47.5% line:89% size:42.5% um 25:00.700 --> 25:01.700 align:left position:40% line:89% size:50% exhibits. 25:01.700 --> 25:04.433 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% We rotate in and out of the public area as well. 25:04.433 --> 25:07.166 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> Okay. Okay. And I think one of the wonderful things 25:07.166 --> 25:09.533 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% is these people with whom you work 25:09.533 --> 25:12.900 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% did such crazy creative things. You've got barn doors 25:13.333 --> 25:15.900 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% instead of swinging doors, which gave you 25:15.900 --> 25:18.800 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% extra room and every which is important to you. 25:18.800 --> 25:20.400 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Eric> Yeah. So the part of the design aspect, 25:20.400 --> 25:21.966 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% of the design process, 25:21.966 --> 25:24.766 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% we had to look at it as we need every available 25:24.766 --> 25:26.300 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% inch of space for plants. 25:26.300 --> 25:29.100 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% We, I mean, the, being able to move around 25:29.100 --> 25:32.400 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% in the greenhouse is great, but, our old greenhouses, 25:32.400 --> 25:35.966 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% their benches were ten feet shorter. 25:35.966 --> 25:37.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So I made these ten feet longer. 25:37.866 --> 25:39.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% All of the doors are sliding, 25:39.700 --> 25:42.233 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% except for the doors that don't need to be. 25:42.233 --> 25:43.800 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% So that swing, you have to account 25:43.800 --> 25:45.833 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% for that swing, and that swing, 25:45.833 --> 25:46.966 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% this is our technical we got. 25:46.966 --> 25:49.300 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% We got, we said, well, that would be about 25 plants, 25:49.300 --> 25:50.933 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% 25 one gallon plants. 25:50.933 --> 25:52.933 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% The swing of a door, you know. 25:52.933 --> 25:55.600 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% So we had to really figure out 25:55.600 --> 25:58.166 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% where we could pull space from. 25:58.166 --> 26:01.033 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% So, our cooling pads and our cooling systems 26:01.033 --> 26:02.200 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% all got smaller, 26:02.200 --> 26:04.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but the same volume just got smaller footprints. 26:04.833 --> 26:06.200 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% So we can put more plants 26:06.200 --> 26:08.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% in the backs of houses and stuff like that. Yeah. 26:08.766 --> 26:09.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Amanda> I think just so much fun 26:09.900 --> 26:11.966 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% to go behind the scenes and realize 26:11.966 --> 26:14.100 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% as we just stroll through the gardens. 26:14.100 --> 26:18.300 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% >> Yeah, I think we realized that a little while ago, 26:18.300 --> 26:20.033 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% actually, as a, as a zoo, 26:20.033 --> 26:21.733 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% people actually love to come into these greenhouses. 26:21.733 --> 26:24.433 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So we do behind the scenes tours a lot over here, 26:24.433 --> 26:26.866 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% especially for special interest groups and stuff like that. 26:26.866 --> 26:30.733 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% We had, you know, a master gardener group. 26:30.733 --> 26:33.833 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% We even had the HGIC people down here. 26:34.600 --> 26:36.833 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Everybody from Clemson's HGIC, the Home and Garden 26:36.833 --> 26:40.033 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Information Center, and they, they loved it. 26:40.033 --> 26:42.400 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% They, they, they got a little field trip 26:42.400 --> 26:44.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% while Clemson was on Spring Break, 26:44.166 --> 26:45.533 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% I think they were down here. 26:45.533 --> 26:48.433 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Amanda> And, as always, people couldn't 26:48.433 --> 26:51.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% get all the things done without volunteers. 26:51.000 --> 26:53.966 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I think your volunteers are integral to the success. 26:53.966 --> 26:56.866 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Eric> They are. I, I always like to say 26:56.866 --> 26:58.633 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% that I cannot get my job done 26:58.633 --> 27:00.933 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% without volunteers because they are 27:00.933 --> 27:03.100 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% my production assistants. 27:03.100 --> 27:05.800 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% They, I call them my production assistants 27:05.800 --> 27:07.133 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% because without them, 27:07.133 --> 27:10.166 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% our annual seasons don't get done, 27:10.166 --> 27:13.133 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% our regular propagation doesn't get done. 27:13.133 --> 27:15.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Our plant sale definitely would not get done. 27:15.633 --> 27:19.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and just the general look and feel of 27:19.800 --> 27:23.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and health of the plants would not be as good. So yes. 27:23.566 --> 27:26.633 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> Eric, it's so much fun to come and find out 27:26.633 --> 27:28.033 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% what makes it all happen. 27:28.033 --> 27:30.200 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% And you're such an integral part of that. 27:30.200 --> 27:31.233 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% I really appreciate it. 27:31.233 --> 27:33.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Eric> Thank you so much. Thank you for being here. 27:33.000 --> 27:34.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And I love having excited plant people around me. 27:34.900 --> 27:36.033 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% (laughter) 27:36.033 --> 27:37.333 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% Amanda> It's our joy. 27:37.333 --> 27:39.766 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Eric> Thank you. 27:41.766 --> 27:43.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% What fun to get to visit with Eric Shealy 27:43.766 --> 27:44.766 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% and find out 27:44.766 --> 27:47.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% everything that goes on behind the scenes 27:47.000 --> 27:48.900 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% so that Riverbanks Zoo and Garden can be 27:48.900 --> 27:51.533 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% as absolutely beautiful as it is. 27:51.533 --> 27:52.833 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Oh, goodness. 27:52.833 --> 27:57.200 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Well, hats, hats, hats. This one, 27:57.500 --> 27:59.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% I was, stopped on the side of the road, Terasa, 27:59.966 --> 28:03.200 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and you know, I stopped to look at something else. 28:03.200 --> 28:06.200 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And then when I stopped and started walking around 28:06.500 --> 28:08.266 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% there are little things that you don't notice 28:08.266 --> 28:10.233 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% otherwise, you know, because I'm on back roads 28:10.233 --> 28:11.400 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% and it's just delightful. 28:11.400 --> 28:13.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I found this little thing called, 28:13.033 --> 28:16.300 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% I think, rabbit's foot clover, just so sweet. 28:16.633 --> 28:19.266 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And then you tell everybody what you said this was. 28:19.266 --> 28:20.633 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% I think that's fun. 28:20.633 --> 28:22.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Terasa> I think Vicky and I were talking about it. 28:22.166 --> 28:25.366 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% It looks like a plant that we would call fleabane. 28:25.366 --> 28:27.300 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% The genus is Erigeron. 28:27.300 --> 28:28.466 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% That was kind of fun to say. 28:28.466 --> 28:30.566 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Amanda> Yeah, and but it looks like a little... 28:30.566 --> 28:32.000 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% It's a composite. 28:32.000 --> 28:33.800 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% It looks like a little teeny tiny daisy. 28:33.800 --> 28:37.300 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And it's got a lot of blue pigment in it, you know, 28:37.300 --> 28:39.166 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% which you see when you look at it up close. 28:39.166 --> 28:42.766 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And then, since, I'm going through farmlands, 28:43.100 --> 28:45.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% there was some corn growing outside. 28:45.333 --> 28:48.200 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% (laughter) Side of the road. 28:48.200 --> 28:49.866 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% Honestly, I'm so lucky 28:49.866 --> 28:51.800 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that I have a drive like that 28:51.800 --> 28:54.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% instead of just, you know, on the highway. 28:54.933 --> 28:56.900 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Anyway. Well, 28:58.700 --> 29:00.266 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% Whom can we help now? 29:00.266 --> 29:04.666 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Terasa> Let's see. We always have questions. 29:04.666 --> 29:07.466 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% How about Jim from Windsor? 29:07.466 --> 29:09.533 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% Jim said, I found this on a wild 29:09.533 --> 29:11.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% cherry tree in my yard. What is it? 29:11.766 --> 29:13.800 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% And will it kill my tree? 29:13.800 --> 29:16.700 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Amanda> Oh, goodness. Oh mercy. Heavens. 29:16.700 --> 29:21.400 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Vicky> Jim brought this into my office and this is wild cherry. 29:21.400 --> 29:23.800 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% This is Prunus serotina. 29:23.800 --> 29:25.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Amanda> That's the one that gets 29:25.000 --> 29:27.100 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% the wonderful caterpillars in it. >> It does. 29:27.100 --> 29:28.300 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% And it's just fabulous. 29:28.300 --> 29:30.033 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Vicky> And it's always got a leaf spot on it. 29:30.033 --> 29:31.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The leaves always kind of look like this, but, 29:31.800 --> 29:36.333 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% what Jim's asking about is all of this stuff 29:36.333 --> 29:37.666 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% right here, 29:37.666 --> 29:40.200 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% and it's it's one of those things 29:40.200 --> 29:42.400 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% where it's a, it's a fungus. 29:42.400 --> 29:44.866 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% So this is black knot fungus. 29:44.866 --> 29:46.500 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% It can get on the fruit trees 29:46.500 --> 29:48.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and the ornamental trees and the wild cherry. 29:48.200 --> 29:52.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So, but what this is, is it starts out, 29:52.433 --> 29:54.066 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% the first year, 29:54.066 --> 29:57.466 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% it might just discolor some of the wood, and, 29:57.466 --> 29:59.433 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% it's not really noticeable. 29:59.433 --> 30:02.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and then after about the, the first year, 30:03.000 --> 30:06.133 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% it'll start to have these little knots 30:06.133 --> 30:09.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that will make the tissue swell, and then 30:09.600 --> 30:14.333 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% as this fungus starts to mature and, 30:14.333 --> 30:16.366 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% and in subsequent years, 30:16.366 --> 30:19.900 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% you'll start finding, examples like this. 30:20.266 --> 30:22.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Now, what you're going to notice is 30:22.933 --> 30:26.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% it's typically found on one side of a branch or 30:27.600 --> 30:29.966 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% typically something small, it's going to be new growth 30:29.966 --> 30:32.100 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% that you're going to find it on, and 30:33.466 --> 30:35.800 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% whenever you 30:35.800 --> 30:38.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% like in the early stages, it'll be, you'll notice 30:38.666 --> 30:40.166 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% it's just on one side. 30:40.166 --> 30:42.433 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% But as it gets older, it's going to end up 30:42.433 --> 30:45.466 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% girdling this branch, and then it'll 30:45.466 --> 30:47.033 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% kill the branch off. 30:47.033 --> 30:48.833 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Amanda> And you know, we have, 30:48.833 --> 30:50.866 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% this is the source of cherry wood, 30:50.866 --> 30:52.600 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% which is, of course, a wonderful wood. 30:52.600 --> 30:54.700 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And just absolutely beautiful. 30:54.700 --> 30:57.966 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% But we can't grow our 30:58.200 --> 30:59.966 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% even though we can grow the tree, 30:59.966 --> 31:01.900 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% cherry trees, Prunus serotina, here. 31:01.900 --> 31:03.966 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% We don't get it to the lumber stage 31:03.966 --> 31:05.266 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% because this impedes that. 31:05.266 --> 31:06.400 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% I think as you go farther 31:06.400 --> 31:09.033 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% north, the, you know, they don't have 31:09.033 --> 31:10.233 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% as many fungal diseases. 31:10.233 --> 31:12.133 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Vicky> Yeah, it's it's one of those things where 31:12.133 --> 31:14.500 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% living in the South, it's hot, it's humid, 31:14.500 --> 31:17.566 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% it's, it's great 31:17.566 --> 31:20.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% growing conditions for any kind of pest. 31:20.466 --> 31:23.133 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% And it's, you know, for diseases. 31:23.133 --> 31:24.033 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% This is one of the, 31:24.033 --> 31:25.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the places to be is the Southeast. 31:25.600 --> 31:26.900 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> But I love Prunus serotina. 31:26.900 --> 31:28.233 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% And what's the caterpillar 31:28.233 --> 31:30.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that we see that's in it? Do you remember? 31:30.300 --> 31:32.166 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Vicky> I don't remember right off the top of my head. 31:32.166 --> 31:35.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% But there's, it's one of those things where 31:35.066 --> 31:38.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the host plants, if you can look up 31:38.066 --> 31:39.200 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% the plant, 31:39.200 --> 31:41.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you can find a whole list of things that, 31:41.033 --> 31:42.900 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% that only feed on that plant. 31:42.900 --> 31:44.166 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Or if you know the critter, 31:44.166 --> 31:45.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% you can find out what plant they're on. 31:45.833 --> 31:48.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Amanda> It's so fun. Some things are such generalists 31:48.033 --> 31:50.400 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% and some things are so special. 31:50.400 --> 31:53.233 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And just one little thing, yeah, that's cool. 31:53.233 --> 31:54.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Thank you so much for sharing that with us. 31:54.700 --> 31:56.166 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% We appreciate it. 31:56.166 --> 31:57.933 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% All right, Ms. Terasa. 31:57.933 --> 31:59.366 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% Terasa> What's next? 31:59.366 --> 32:00.666 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% This question comes in 32:00.666 --> 32:02.866 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% from my area, Beverly in Darlington 32:02.866 --> 32:04.633 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% said I found some old seeds 32:04.633 --> 32:06.333 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% in my grandmother's shed. 32:06.333 --> 32:09.033 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% How do I know if they will still grow? 32:09.033 --> 32:10.266 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Amanda> Ahh! 32:11.000 --> 32:12.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% It might be something you can -- 32:12.166 --> 32:15.233 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Hannah> Yeah, yeah. Actually, it happened to my son's 32:15.233 --> 32:16.500 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% kindergarten class. 32:16.500 --> 32:18.966 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% I'm glad Beverly called in and asked about that. 32:18.966 --> 32:20.166 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% So they planted. 32:20.166 --> 32:22.066 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% I don't know if you can zoom in on this 32:22.066 --> 32:23.366 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% lovely house that he 32:23.366 --> 32:25.566 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Oh, this is what's he colored. 32:25.566 --> 32:28.433 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% He'll love that he gets to be in part of mom's work. 32:28.433 --> 32:30.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> What's his name? How old is he? 32:30.100 --> 32:31.766 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Hannah> He is six. Amanda> Oh, yeah, a big boy. 32:31.766 --> 32:33.733 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Hannah> He's very, very bright. 32:33.733 --> 32:36.733 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% But they they did a little, for Earth Day -- 32:36.733 --> 32:39.566 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> Show us the root ball so they can see it. 32:39.566 --> 32:41.233 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Hannah> It is amassed down there. 32:41.233 --> 32:43.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It looks like he planted about a hundred in a cup. 32:43.733 --> 32:45.200 align:left position:42.5% line:89% size:47.5% And so 32:45.200 --> 32:46.666 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% if you're wanting to see, like, 32:46.666 --> 32:48.900 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% how much seed that she has left 32:48.900 --> 32:50.866 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% and how much might be able to germinate, 32:50.866 --> 32:53.866 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% you could take a potted plant or an old potted plant, 32:53.866 --> 32:55.333 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% something that has some topsoil in it 32:55.333 --> 32:56.900 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% and go ahead and seed your, 32:56.900 --> 32:58.966 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% your seeds and, and water 32:58.966 --> 33:01.166 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and make sure it is in a moist environment, 33:01.166 --> 33:02.600 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% especially if it's off season. 33:02.600 --> 33:05.533 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Create the environment that it would need to germinate. >>Okay. 33:05.533 --> 33:08.266 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And in some cases it even has to go through a cold chill. 33:08.266 --> 33:10.166 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Amanda> So, so, you go to get a pot 33:10.166 --> 33:11.533 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% that doesn't have a plant in it, 33:11.533 --> 33:14.133 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% you just grab the soil in it. Hannah> Correct. Yes. >> Okay. 33:14.133 --> 33:16.566 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Hannah> Some of my pots are, you know, 33:16.566 --> 33:18.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% the plant has since withered away. 33:18.133 --> 33:19.866 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% This is a spring root ball. 33:19.866 --> 33:22.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% But as you can see, like, he, 33:22.333 --> 33:23.833 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% he did dump a lot of seeds in here. 33:23.833 --> 33:25.933 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Good job, Wats. Look at there. 33:25.933 --> 33:27.933 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So this looks like a lot of little grains. 33:27.933 --> 33:31.200 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I think they call this a cat, a cat seed, or what were 33:31.200 --> 33:33.200 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% we talking? Cat grass! Yeah. 33:33.200 --> 33:34.500 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% So, so, it's, 33:34.500 --> 33:36.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% it's a mixture of different types of grains. 33:36.833 --> 33:38.833 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% But if I was going to see 33:38.833 --> 33:40.400 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% how much germinated in this, 33:40.400 --> 33:43.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I would have started with how many seeds I put in. 33:43.000 --> 33:44.866 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Maybe it was 100 and I had, 33:44.866 --> 33:46.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% there looks like really, really good germination. 33:46.966 --> 33:49.533 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% So maybe around 80, 90%. Yeah. 33:49.533 --> 33:51.466 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Fun fact is, if you're selling seeds in 33:51.466 --> 33:53.600 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% South Carolina as a commercial seller, 33:53.600 --> 33:55.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% I believe they all have to be certified on 33:55.566 --> 33:57.933 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% the germ of the seed that you're selling. 33:57.933 --> 33:59.166 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% So if you're a homeowner 33:59.166 --> 34:01.300 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and you have seeds that you're collected from, 34:01.300 --> 34:02.566 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% maybe your aunts and uncles 34:02.566 --> 34:04.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% or your grandparents in a in a freezer 34:04.600 --> 34:05.500 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% and you're cleaning 34:05.500 --> 34:07.033 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and helping them clean out some stuff, 34:07.033 --> 34:08.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% you can send those seeds off to 34:08.433 --> 34:09.533 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Department of Agriculture. 34:09.533 --> 34:10.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% You can send them through the 34:10.833 --> 34:12.400 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% the Clemson Extension offices, 34:12.400 --> 34:13.800 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% and we'll ship them to you 34:13.800 --> 34:14.900 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% or ship them to the lab 34:14.900 --> 34:16.000 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% in Columbia 34:16.000 --> 34:17.066 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% with Department of Ag, 34:17.066 --> 34:18.733 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and they will tell you what your seeding rate is. 34:18.733 --> 34:20.600 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% They'll also do a purity too. 34:20.600 --> 34:23.433 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% So if it is like a bin run seed, let's say, 34:23.433 --> 34:24.533 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% they went and took the header 34:24.533 --> 34:25.566 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% and harvested some wheat 34:25.566 --> 34:27.200 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and they want to see what their wheat germ 34:27.200 --> 34:28.800 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% is for the next year's planting, 34:28.800 --> 34:30.800 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% they'll tell you if there's ryegrass in there, 34:30.800 --> 34:32.433 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% any kind of other impurities. >> Okay. 34:32.433 --> 34:33.466 align:left position:45% line:89% size:45% Yeah. 34:33.466 --> 34:35.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% So if you wanted to sell it, you could. 34:35.200 --> 34:36.666 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> That's pretty cool. >> Yeah. 34:36.666 --> 34:40.166 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Well, so, the South Carolina Department of Agriculture 34:40.166 --> 34:42.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% does lots of great things for us. 34:42.300 --> 34:43.533 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% They do a lot more 34:43.533 --> 34:45.500 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% than just the things people think they do. 34:45.500 --> 34:46.366 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Hannah> They for sure do. Yeah. 34:46.366 --> 34:47.933 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Amanda> Well, that was just wonderful. 34:47.933 --> 34:49.900 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% And tell Wats we appreciate it, too. 34:49.900 --> 34:51.866 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Hannah> I will. He won't like that I tore it up. 34:51.866 --> 34:53.433 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% Amanda> No, I don't think he'll like that. 34:53.433 --> 34:55.866 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Hannah> We'll have to trim it. Amanda> Put it back in. (laughs) 34:55.866 --> 34:58.533 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> Okay. There we go. All right, Terasa. 34:58.533 --> 35:00.000 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Terasa> Well, before we go to another question, 35:00.000 --> 35:01.866 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% you were asking about the wild cherry. 35:01.866 --> 35:04.600 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And so since I have the technology at my fingertips, 35:04.600 --> 35:08.700 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% our good friend Doug Tallamy writes about a wildlife value. 35:08.700 --> 35:12.033 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Right? And so black cherry serves as the host 35:12.033 --> 35:16.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% for more than 450 different species. 35:16.333 --> 35:18.400 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So they're not all, not necessarily in South Carolina, 35:18.400 --> 35:21.233 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% but one of them is our eastern tiger swallowtail, 35:21.233 --> 35:23.666 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% which is our state butterfly. 35:23.666 --> 35:24.666 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Amanda> Yeah. Yeah, yeah. 35:24.666 --> 35:26.233 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Terasa> But that that's pretty amazing, right? 35:26.233 --> 35:27.866 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And we talk about how different. 35:27.866 --> 35:31.033 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% But some butterflies are generalists 35:31.033 --> 35:32.433 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% and feed on multiple species, 35:32.433 --> 35:34.166 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% and others are very specific. 35:34.166 --> 35:36.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Like we talk about the monarch only uses 35:36.133 --> 35:38.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% milkweed species, but that is incredible. 35:38.466 --> 35:42.333 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% And of course, the fruits are used by birds as well. So. 35:42.333 --> 35:45.300 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% And of course, pollen and nectar as well. 35:45.300 --> 35:48.033 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> And I wonder if it's even available in the trade. 35:48.033 --> 35:49.800 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Probably not. 35:49.800 --> 35:51.100 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Davis> I would imagine a, 35:51.100 --> 35:53.533 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% a mail order native plant nursery 35:53.533 --> 35:56.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% would be a good source for it. (crosstalk) 35:56.000 --> 35:59.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Terasa> Some consider it kind of a weedy tree, so. 35:59.266 --> 36:00.500 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% Oh, in the in the home 36:00.500 --> 36:03.100 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% landscape, people might not appreciate 36:03.100 --> 36:04.200 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% its growth habit. 36:04.200 --> 36:06.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> But it's not like cherry laurel. It doesn't, 36:06.033 --> 36:08.433 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% so it doesn't come up everywhere. 36:08.433 --> 36:10.166 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% And, you know, cherry laurel's a marvel, 36:10.166 --> 36:12.300 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% even though it's a native, I mean, good gracious. 36:12.300 --> 36:15.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But, the Prunus seratina does not, 36:15.933 --> 36:18.066 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% and it has a real pretty bark, if I remember. 36:18.066 --> 36:19.066 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Vicky> It's really interesting. 36:19.066 --> 36:21.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% It, it's smooth, but it's not, 36:21.533 --> 36:23.866 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% because it'll have, like -- Amanda> Lenticels or something. 36:23.866 --> 36:25.433 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Vicky> Yeah, it looks like lenticels on it, 36:25.433 --> 36:27.300 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% but they're, they're long 36:27.300 --> 36:29.266 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% and skinny, instead of being little focus dots 36:29.266 --> 36:30.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Vicky> Yeah. I think it's quite beautiful. 36:30.933 --> 36:32.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% They're kind of long and skinny. 36:32.900 --> 36:34.200 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% Amanda> Well, thanks, Terasa, 36:34.200 --> 36:38.533 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% for looking that up and telling us about it. 400! 36:38.533 --> 36:40.900 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Terasa> Yeah. >> Okay. 36:40.900 --> 36:42.200 align:left position:45% line:83% size:45% Okay, we do have a question. 36:42.200 --> 36:44.400 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% That one comes from Jeremy in Saluda. 36:44.400 --> 36:46.066 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Somewhat related. 36:46.066 --> 36:47.966 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% He said, I planted what I thought 36:47.966 --> 36:50.400 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% was a native plant, but it's taken over 36:50.400 --> 36:51.933 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% the entire flower bed. 36:51.933 --> 36:54.200 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% Is that normal? 36:54.200 --> 36:55.566 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Amanda> Ooh. 36:55.566 --> 36:58.500 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Goodness. Well, Davis, y'all have a lot of 36:58.500 --> 37:00.466 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% native plants that y'all deal with. 37:00.466 --> 37:03.100 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Davis> We do. And, and one of the issues 37:03.100 --> 37:04.800 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% is that so many Southeastern natives 37:04.800 --> 37:06.366 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% won't grow here anymore 37:06.366 --> 37:08.166 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% because of the environmental changes. 37:08.166 --> 37:10.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% We don't have as many trees as we used to. 37:10.000 --> 37:11.433 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% We've already addressed that. 37:11.433 --> 37:13.833 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% But, also, 37:13.833 --> 37:16.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% using a native plant, you first of all have to look 37:16.533 --> 37:18.900 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% at what area it's native to. 37:18.900 --> 37:20.000 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% and in order for that plant 37:20.000 --> 37:22.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to succeed in your area, you have to 37:22.200 --> 37:24.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% kind of duplicate those situations. 37:24.266 --> 37:27.566 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% A good example is the prairie cone flower. 37:27.566 --> 37:30.066 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% This is one of the most beautiful cone flowers. 37:30.066 --> 37:32.666 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% It's free flowering flowers for a long time. 37:32.666 --> 37:35.633 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Huge, yellow, 37:35.633 --> 37:38.600 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% yellow flowers with the classic brown seed. 37:38.600 --> 37:40.500 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Amanda> Yes? 37:40.500 --> 37:42.900 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Davis> This is not a true, true cone flower. 37:42.900 --> 37:44.000 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's, this is a Ratibida 37:44.000 --> 37:47.033 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% is the Latin name for this one, but, 37:47.033 --> 37:50.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but in, in, in a prairie setting, 37:50.066 --> 37:52.400 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% the environment is going to limit its spread. 37:52.400 --> 37:54.300 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% You're going to have, periods of drought, 37:54.300 --> 37:56.333 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% you're going to have periods of heavy rain, you're going to 37:56.333 --> 37:58.100 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% have different soil types. 37:58.100 --> 38:01.933 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% But moving this into a stable environment, 38:01.933 --> 38:03.266 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% like a home landscape 38:03.266 --> 38:05.633 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% where you've got the same water requirements, 38:05.633 --> 38:08.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the same moisture availability. 38:08.966 --> 38:11.133 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> You've got irrigation and can turn the sprinklers on. 38:11.133 --> 38:12.433 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Davis> Right. The same soil type. 38:12.433 --> 38:16.000 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% This plant will find a good spot to grow in, 38:16.000 --> 38:18.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and it will grow until it reaches a spot 38:18.200 --> 38:19.666 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% where it's not happy. 38:19.666 --> 38:22.666 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And, in some cases, this, this particular one -- 38:22.666 --> 38:23.833 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Amanda> It's aggressive. 38:23.833 --> 38:25.400 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% Davis> It can be aggressive. 38:25.400 --> 38:26.933 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's an excellent filler 38:26.933 --> 38:28.933 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% if you've got a, like a large hillside 38:28.933 --> 38:30.300 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% or something like that where you're wanting 38:30.300 --> 38:31.866 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% to stabilize the soil. 38:31.866 --> 38:34.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% It's got a fairly good shade tolerance. 38:34.700 --> 38:37.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So if you've got an area maybe on a woodland edge 38:37.533 --> 38:39.833 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% where you just want a big mass of flowers, 38:39.833 --> 38:43.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% this might be one to choose, but, it's, it's, 38:43.500 --> 38:46.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% it's not not one to put in a small space. 38:46.000 --> 38:48.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% I had one escape from one of my plantings, 38:48.700 --> 38:51.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and, in one year's time, it covered about a 300 38:51.433 --> 38:53.033 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% square foot bed. 38:53.033 --> 38:54.433 align:left position:42.5% line:89% size:47.5% but... 38:54.433 --> 38:57.633 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> I don't think I'd want to have that any anywhere near. 38:57.633 --> 38:59.500 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% I mean, I just don't think it should be here. 38:59.500 --> 39:01.800 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Davis> But if it's, here again, if it's, 39:01.800 --> 39:04.900 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% if you've got that kind of a specialized area, it's, 39:04.900 --> 39:06.833 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% it's kind of like, kind of like love grass 39:06.833 --> 39:09.200 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% the highway department uses on roadsides. 39:09.200 --> 39:11.533 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% It has, it does have some use. 39:11.533 --> 39:13.100 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% Amanda> Because it's, 39:13.100 --> 39:15.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% you know, we've, the United States is huge, 39:15.833 --> 39:20.133 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% you know, and so things that are native in one place, 39:21.133 --> 39:22.866 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% the conditions are so very different 39:22.866 --> 39:24.533 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% that when you take it somewhere else, 39:24.533 --> 39:28.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% it may not behave itself, so, I think, maybe we should be, 39:28.200 --> 39:30.266 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% you know, what would be a good way 39:30.266 --> 39:32.933 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% to find natives that are native to, 39:33.366 --> 39:36.366 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% that wouldn't get out of hand here, I wonder? 39:36.366 --> 39:38.533 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Davis> Well, it's, it's really kind of difficult 39:38.533 --> 39:42.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% because you have to find places that, that have 39:42.233 --> 39:44.533 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% the same type soil structure 39:44.533 --> 39:46.133 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% that we would have and that kind of thing. 39:46.133 --> 39:50.733 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And, and a lot of, a lot of gardening, especially dealing 39:50.733 --> 39:54.433 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% with either natives or exotics is sort of trial and error. 39:54.433 --> 39:55.666 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% I've got this plant. 39:55.666 --> 39:57.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% I'm going to see if it will grow here. 39:57.333 --> 39:59.066 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% It won't grow here. Let me try it over here. 39:59.066 --> 40:00.366 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Oh, it's too happy there. 40:00.366 --> 40:02.433 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Amanda> Vicky, native plants and things, 40:02.433 --> 40:04.000 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% y'all suggested pollinator gardens at HGIC. 40:04.000 --> 40:05.700 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Vicky> We do. 40:05.700 --> 40:08.600 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> Do y'all take into account things like this? 40:08.600 --> 40:13.166 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Vicky> We do. So we'll look at, you know, is this, is this 40:13.166 --> 40:14.600 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% on any kind of watch list? 40:16.166 --> 40:18.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Amanda> Would something like this be on a watch list? 40:18.000 --> 40:19.766 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Vicky> It could be. >> Oh, okay. 40:19.766 --> 40:22.033 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% There's a number of lists to look at. 40:22.033 --> 40:24.266 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% There's a number of websites 40:24.266 --> 40:26.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that we use to recommend plants. >> Okay. 40:26.666 --> 40:28.466 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% We've mentioned many times 40:28.466 --> 40:30.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% the Carolina Yards plant database. 40:30.466 --> 40:31.766 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Terasa> Yes. I'm glad you said that, 40:31.766 --> 40:33.100 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% because we are actually working 40:33.100 --> 40:36.200 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% with the South Carolina Native Plants Society. 40:36.200 --> 40:38.566 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And, we're going to launch, actually, 40:38.566 --> 40:40.500 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% they have already launched a new plant. 40:40.500 --> 40:42.566 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% They're calling it a plant directory. 40:42.566 --> 40:45.200 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% And so, we have intentions 40:45.200 --> 40:47.866 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% to kind of move away from our Carolina Yards plant database 40:47.866 --> 40:49.166 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% and direct people 40:49.166 --> 40:52.400 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% to the South Carolina Native Plant Society plant directory. 40:52.400 --> 40:53.700 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Amanda> Well, I think that's wonderful. 40:53.700 --> 40:54.800 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Vicky> And then there's another one. 40:54.800 --> 40:58.833 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% There's the NC State Extension Gardener 40:58.833 --> 41:00.166 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% Plant Tool Box. 41:00.166 --> 41:05.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It's very similar to the Carolina Yards Plant Database. 41:05.300 --> 41:06.666 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% And you -- 41:06.666 --> 41:08.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> North Carolina's going to have 41:08.233 --> 41:09.766 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% lots of things in common with us. 41:09.766 --> 41:14.100 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Vicky> Right. Both of those databases or directories, 41:14.100 --> 41:16.866 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% they have, like, a plant profile. 41:16.866 --> 41:19.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And if it happens to be something that's, 41:19.766 --> 41:22.433 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% that's emerging as a noxious plant, 41:22.433 --> 41:24.100 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% it'll get mentioned on there. 41:24.100 --> 41:26.633 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% And then we've also got 41:26.633 --> 41:30.533 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% the Department of Plant Industry has 41:30.866 --> 41:33.133 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% plant lists to keep up with too. 41:33.133 --> 41:34.733 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> Okay. Okay. Well, thank you so much, 41:34.733 --> 41:36.433 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and you just take that right back home. 41:36.433 --> 41:38.033 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Davis> Okay. 41:38.033 --> 41:39.266 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% (laughter) 41:39.266 --> 41:41.866 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% You got it. 41:41.866 --> 41:43.900 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% Amanda> Vicky, what you got over there? 41:43.900 --> 41:47.066 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Vicky> So I was out looking in my landscape for fun things 41:47.066 --> 41:48.066 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% to bring on the show, 41:48.066 --> 41:49.400 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% and I was looking 41:49.400 --> 41:52.333 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% for periodical cicadas because I could hear them, 41:52.333 --> 41:53.600 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% but I couldn't find anything. 41:53.600 --> 41:56.233 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% But I just happened to find something else. 41:56.233 --> 42:00.200 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I've got, a bunch of scrubby oaks in my landscape, 42:00.633 --> 42:04.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but one of the fun things I found was a bagworm. 42:04.300 --> 42:08.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And these are really neat Lepidopterans. 42:08.500 --> 42:12.866 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And so Lepidoptera are moths and butterflies. 42:12.866 --> 42:14.433 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% This one happens to be a moth. 42:14.433 --> 42:19.800 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% And bagworms are really, really neat critters. 42:20.066 --> 42:23.200 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% It's, so the females will spend 42:23.200 --> 42:25.400 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% their entire lives in this bag and, um... 42:25.400 --> 42:28.200 align:left position:42.5% line:83% size:47.5% Amanda> They're just a giant ovary. 42:28.200 --> 42:29.233 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Uterus. (laughs) 42:29.233 --> 42:31.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Vicky> Just a sac that she totes around 42:31.500 --> 42:33.900 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% and the males are 42:33.900 --> 42:35.333 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% going to find her. 42:35.333 --> 42:38.466 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% They'll, they'll mate inside that bag. 42:38.466 --> 42:42.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% She lays the eggs inside the bag, 42:42.000 --> 42:45.266 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and then the smaller caterpillars will emerge. 42:45.600 --> 42:48.700 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% And what they'll do is these caterpillars and, 42:48.700 --> 42:52.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% they'll gather the plant material, 42:52.733 --> 42:55.733 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and they'll use that to put on the case. 42:56.133 --> 42:59.300 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And this one happens to be very, very small. 42:59.300 --> 43:00.466 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% We've seen them. 43:00.466 --> 43:04.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So one of the restaurants in North Augusta had a 43:04.366 --> 43:06.200 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% significant infestation. 43:06.200 --> 43:09.166 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% It defoliated most of the shrubbery 43:09.166 --> 43:11.500 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% in their, in their landscaping, 43:11.500 --> 43:13.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% but they were hanging on, like, the order boards 43:13.766 --> 43:15.766 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and it looked like little Christmas ornaments. 43:15.766 --> 43:18.600 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% And, we see them a lot. 43:18.600 --> 43:20.200 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> Mabre the Grinch's Christmas ornament. 43:20.200 --> 43:21.433 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% Vicky> Evergreen tree. 43:21.433 --> 43:22.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It's like an entomologist Christmas ornament, 43:22.600 --> 43:25.600 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% I mean, come on. (laughter) 43:25.600 --> 43:28.966 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% But we see them. They feed on a ton of different plants. 43:28.966 --> 43:31.833 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% I'm talking like 50 different families of plants, 43:31.833 --> 43:35.533 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and we often see them on our evergreens, like, 43:35.533 --> 43:38.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% you know, thujas and, and our cedars 43:38.533 --> 43:39.833 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% and our junipers. 43:39.833 --> 43:42.366 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% But, I mean, this one's on oak, and so... 43:42.366 --> 43:45.066 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Amanda> They can be kind of disfiguring. 43:45.066 --> 43:47.033 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Vicky> They can. They're defoliators, 43:47.033 --> 43:50.333 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% and it's, it's one of those things 43:50.333 --> 43:51.900 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% that if you're going to manage 43:51.900 --> 43:53.466 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% caterpillars like this, you have to do it 43:53.466 --> 43:55.766 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% when they're in the very early stages 43:55.766 --> 43:58.400 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and they're young and actively feeding. 43:58.400 --> 44:01.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And you can use bacterium like Bacillus thuringiensis. 44:01.566 --> 44:03.333 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Amanda> Sure, if they're young. 44:03.333 --> 44:04.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Vicky> If they're young. >> Yeah. 44:04.866 --> 44:06.266 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And for caterpillars like this 44:06.266 --> 44:07.733 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% you have to use a certain Bt. 44:07.733 --> 44:10.066 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% It has to be keristake, 44:10.066 --> 44:13.066 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% that you would use on this. 44:13.066 --> 44:15.866 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> Oh, well, thank you for going out there and, and 44:15.866 --> 44:18.300 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% having such good eyesight. Good gracious, almighty. 44:18.300 --> 44:19.700 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% (laughter) 44:19.700 --> 44:20.766 align:left position:42.5% line:89% size:47.5% Terasa? 44:20.766 --> 44:23.966 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Terasa> Let's see what other questions we have. 44:23.966 --> 44:27.033 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% How about Jason in Eastover 44:27.033 --> 44:29.500 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% said, could you explain how cover crops 44:29.500 --> 44:31.000 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% are beneficial 44:31.000 --> 44:34.900 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% in large scale farming and in the home garden? 44:34.900 --> 44:37.333 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% Hannah> Yeah, I can do that one for you. 44:37.333 --> 44:39.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> Okay, please do. Hannah> I actually have some. 44:39.266 --> 44:43.733 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% They're starting to kind of get out of hand this time of year 44:43.733 --> 44:46.333 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% if they haven't already been sprayed and planted into. 44:46.333 --> 44:48.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% This is our hairy vetch. It's a purple flower. 44:48.666 --> 44:49.900 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% It's a big climber. 44:49.900 --> 44:52.466 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% It has these little tendrils that will crawl up, 44:52.466 --> 44:54.533 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% these really tall... 44:54.533 --> 44:57.633 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Watch out! Ugh. (laughter) 44:57.633 --> 44:59.233 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% So that really tall one, 44:59.233 --> 45:01.100 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% I don't know if you can see it there. 45:01.100 --> 45:06.866 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% That is going to be our, our cereal rye. 45:06.866 --> 45:08.100 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% It gets really tall. 45:08.100 --> 45:10.466 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% It can get upwards of five, six foot tall, 45:10.466 --> 45:12.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and it's taller than I am when I'm out there. 45:12.333 --> 45:14.366 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% The seeding rate on it, especially 45:14.366 --> 45:15.766 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% if it's in a several mix 45:15.766 --> 45:19.233 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% like 4 or 5 way mix in the, in the fields, 45:19.533 --> 45:22.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% is, is going to be relatively low 45:22.333 --> 45:23.466 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% if you're instead of doing it 45:23.466 --> 45:25.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% just a solid cereal rye field. 45:25.333 --> 45:28.200 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% It has a lot of advantages because of the biomass. 45:28.200 --> 45:30.666 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% It does aid in weed suppression. 45:30.666 --> 45:32.766 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So, which is excellent. Right? 45:32.766 --> 45:35.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% If they're seeding cotton into it, they mow it down. 45:35.466 --> 45:37.600 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% They can spray it and kill it, 45:37.600 --> 45:39.466 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% green, all of this, they can, 45:39.466 --> 45:41.400 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% or, they can, 45:41.400 --> 45:42.700 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% they can plant into it green. 45:42.700 --> 45:44.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And they would have like a roller crimper 45:44.166 --> 45:45.500 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% on the front of their planter. 45:45.500 --> 45:48.833 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% And it looks like a giant drum that has, like, 45:48.833 --> 45:50.400 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% little spikes on it almost. 45:50.400 --> 45:52.366 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But it's a long, like, rigid thing 45:52.366 --> 45:53.900 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% and it crimps the stems. 45:53.900 --> 45:56.400 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And so when the stems (crunching) You hear it break? 45:56.400 --> 45:58.266 align:left position:12.5% line:89% size:77.5% Yeah, it stops it from growing. 45:58.266 --> 46:00.066 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> And then they just make a tiny area 46:00.066 --> 46:01.600 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% in which to insert the new seeds? 46:01.600 --> 46:02.866 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% Hannah> That's correct. 46:02.866 --> 46:05.466 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> And there's all this fascinating research being done 46:05.466 --> 46:07.833 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% on always having living roots in the soil. 46:07.833 --> 46:10.066 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Hannah> That's correct, and a mixture of roots. 46:10.066 --> 46:12.633 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So it's not just a mono crop type of situation. 46:12.633 --> 46:15.266 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% We don't just have grasses like these oats here. 46:15.266 --> 46:16.733 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% we don't just have rye. 46:16.733 --> 46:18.266 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% We will have legume in there. 46:18.266 --> 46:19.566 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% We'll also have... 46:19.566 --> 46:21.500 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% This one's already cut out pretty seriously. 46:21.500 --> 46:23.700 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% But this is our crimson clover. 46:23.700 --> 46:25.366 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's already pretty dead. 46:25.366 --> 46:26.900 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% But as you can see, it's seeded out, 46:26.900 --> 46:28.366 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% and it got relatively tall 46:28.366 --> 46:29.800 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% for what we know of clover. 46:29.800 --> 46:31.366 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% But it's competing with everything else. 46:31.366 --> 46:34.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So the biomass is really increasing. Amanda> Wow! 46:34.866 --> 46:37.666 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Hannah> In some cases, you can actually graze it for cattle. 46:37.666 --> 46:39.466 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% As long as they don't graze it all the way down, 46:39.466 --> 46:40.800 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% they're leaving some biomass. 46:40.800 --> 46:42.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% You still retain that weed suppression 46:42.933 --> 46:44.400 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% if you're going to plant into it. 46:44.400 --> 46:45.433 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% And what you refer to 46:45.433 --> 46:47.433 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% is planning into that, you have a cut in culture, 46:47.433 --> 46:49.700 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% it can be wavy or straight or what have you, 46:49.700 --> 46:51.833 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% and they'll cut into the soil, 46:51.833 --> 46:53.333 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% and then they'll have some row cleaners 46:53.333 --> 46:56.700 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% that kind of sweep back the bag mass. Right? 46:56.700 --> 46:57.966 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And then they'll drop the seeds in 46:57.966 --> 46:58.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and they have their press tools 46:58.933 --> 47:00.133 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% that close it back up for you. 47:00.133 --> 47:02.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So so you're really getting some good seed 47:02.333 --> 47:03.866 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% to soil contact in a lot of cases, 47:03.866 --> 47:05.633 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% you've got the biomass under the ground 47:05.633 --> 47:08.100 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% that's creating little tubes for all the roots, 47:08.100 --> 47:11.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and to allow air and water to percolate 47:11.766 --> 47:12.766 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% down through the soil. 47:12.766 --> 47:14.966 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And as this decomposes, it adds back -- 47:14.966 --> 47:17.333 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Amanda> Organic matter. >> That's right. Yeah. 47:17.333 --> 47:21.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% So this is really kind of a trend and perhaps 47:21.566 --> 47:24.566 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% a new way of farming, always having living roots 47:24.800 --> 47:26.433 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% in the soil, 47:26.433 --> 47:29.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% because you keep the underground networks 47:29.600 --> 47:30.900 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% of all the 47:30.900 --> 47:33.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% psyllium and amoebas and all those little animals 47:34.566 --> 47:35.900 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Hannah> They're keeping everybody happy, that's right. 47:35.900 --> 47:38.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> And they interact with the plant and can actually 47:38.033 --> 47:40.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% bring water and nutrients to the plant. 47:40.266 --> 47:41.366 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% Hannah> That's correct. Yeah. 47:41.366 --> 47:43.866 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% And a lot of cases in some soil types and whatever 47:43.866 --> 47:45.866 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% we're planting in mass quantities, right, 47:45.866 --> 47:47.866 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% they'll have a place for cover crops 47:47.866 --> 47:50.233 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and in other areas where you're doing more. 47:50.233 --> 47:52.466 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% So peanuts, you won't have as much area 47:52.466 --> 47:54.933 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% needed for cover crops because you do a disc up 47:54.933 --> 47:57.933 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% the land so much when you're harvesting those crops, 47:57.933 --> 48:00.433 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% but there is a huge fit for it. 48:00.433 --> 48:02.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% We're seeing more of a resurgence now 48:02.500 --> 48:03.966 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% because there's government programs 48:03.966 --> 48:05.933 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% that assist with the cost share of it, 48:05.933 --> 48:07.533 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% but it was a practice that was done 48:07.533 --> 48:09.033 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% years and years ago as well. 48:09.033 --> 48:11.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% It's just we're seeing a new trend come up. 48:11.566 --> 48:13.633 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> This is wonderful. And especially as we're 48:13.633 --> 48:15.800 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% trying to find, synthetic 48:15.800 --> 48:17.966 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% fertilizers are getting more expensive. 48:17.966 --> 48:21.633 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% We're finding that this type of farming 48:21.633 --> 48:24.633 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% can actually use nutrients that are already in the soil. 48:24.633 --> 48:26.733 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% It's like a soil bank. 48:26.733 --> 48:30.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Hannah> I think one of the words we've captured with doing 48:30.066 --> 48:31.300 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% this is like a regenerative 48:31.300 --> 48:33.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% agriculture type situation. 48:33.166 --> 48:34.400 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% And I'm not saying this is 48:34.400 --> 48:36.700 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% end all, be all for all row crop situations. 48:36.700 --> 48:37.800 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% It has its fit, 48:37.800 --> 48:39.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% especially with different soil types. 48:39.466 --> 48:41.166 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% But for people who are 48:41.166 --> 48:42.700 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% have some tracts of land 48:42.700 --> 48:43.733 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% that they're wanting to like, 48:43.733 --> 48:45.433 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% make sure that the tilt is there 48:45.433 --> 48:46.866 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% and maybe try to increase 48:46.866 --> 48:48.666 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% some organic matter for their grandchildren. 48:48.666 --> 48:50.600 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% This is a way to do it. >> Thank you so much. 48:50.600 --> 48:51.700 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% You're welcome. 48:51.700 --> 48:53.700 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> I really appreciate it. Terasa? 48:53.700 --> 48:55.133 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Terasa> Let's see if we can help 48:55.133 --> 48:58.633 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Laura in Winnsboro, who is collecting rainwater. 48:58.866 --> 49:00.366 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% She says I'm using a bucket 49:00.366 --> 49:03.033 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% and I notice there are things wiggling in there. 49:03.033 --> 49:05.366 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% What could they be? 49:05.366 --> 49:06.400 align:left position:37.5% line:89% size:52.5% (laughter) 49:06.400 --> 49:08.066 align:left position:40% line:89% size:50% Exactly. 49:08.066 --> 49:11.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Vicky> I believe it is the state bird of South Carolina. 49:12.133 --> 49:14.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Some of them can carry you away. They really can. 49:14.500 --> 49:16.866 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% Amanda> Mosquitoes. 49:16.866 --> 49:17.966 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Vicky> They are mosquitoes. 49:17.966 --> 49:22.000 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% And what she's finding in that bucket of water 49:22.000 --> 49:23.933 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% are mosquito larvae 49:23.933 --> 49:27.300 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% and, this is one of 49:27.300 --> 49:29.300 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% those things where these are flies. 49:29.300 --> 49:34.100 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% And there's different species, 49:34.100 --> 49:36.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and they lay in different places. >> All right. 49:36.200 --> 49:39.100 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% So some of them lay in stagnant water. 49:39.100 --> 49:40.300 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Some of them are 49:40.300 --> 49:43.033 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% have the ability to lay in, lay eggs, 49:43.033 --> 49:44.566 align:left position:45% line:89% size:45% maybe 49:44.566 --> 49:47.466 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% next to a body of water and then it'll flood, 49:47.466 --> 49:48.833 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% and then the larvae 49:48.833 --> 49:51.233 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% will be able to go into that water. 49:51.233 --> 49:53.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So there's, there's lots of different species, and -- 49:53.400 --> 49:56.066 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> And they don't need a whole lot of water sometimes. 49:56.066 --> 50:00.266 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Vicky> They, the research tells us that 50:00.266 --> 50:04.200 align:left position:45% line:83% size:45% like, soda can's worth lid top 50:04.200 --> 50:08.566 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% will be able to sustain a mosquito fly cycle. 50:08.933 --> 50:12.566 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% And, one of the ways that we combat it is 50:13.766 --> 50:15.133 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% implementing IPM, which 50:15.133 --> 50:16.533 align:left position:35% line:83% size:55% is Integrated Pest Management. 50:16.533 --> 50:18.700 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% We want to use cultural practices 50:18.700 --> 50:22.600 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% such as, reducing the amount of standing water, 50:22.800 --> 50:27.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% whether it be in a bucket that's collecting water, 50:27.266 --> 50:30.333 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% rain barrel, a tarp, the dog water bowl, 50:30.566 --> 50:32.733 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% anything like that, could be potted plants. 50:32.733 --> 50:35.700 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% We have a lot of folks that have potted plants and they, 50:35.700 --> 50:36.833 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% you know, we like to love them. 50:36.833 --> 50:38.933 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And so we water them and that water stands 50:38.933 --> 50:41.366 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% and this can become larval habitat. 50:41.366 --> 50:45.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So one of the key issues, one of the key ways 50:45.666 --> 50:48.666 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% to get, to help manage your mosquito population 50:48.866 --> 50:52.100 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% is to remove larval, larval habitats. >> Yes. 50:52.933 --> 50:55.966 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% And another way that, that we do, you know, 50:55.966 --> 51:00.033 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% I mentioned a beauty product earlier, 51:00.233 --> 51:03.866 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% is that, there's a race that you would use 51:04.100 --> 51:05.633 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% for mosquitoes. 51:05.633 --> 51:08.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% There's Bacillus thuringiensis. 51:08.666 --> 51:11.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And that manages fly larvae. 51:11.833 --> 51:13.200 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Amanda> And you can get a little duct. 51:13.200 --> 51:14.966 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's like a little donut. 51:14.966 --> 51:16.500 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% And, I've used it in 51:16.500 --> 51:19.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% some places that are hard for me to control. 51:19.700 --> 51:22.500 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% And I don't think it will even hurt your pets. 51:22.500 --> 51:23.900 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Vicky> It's not. It's, it's safe. 51:23.900 --> 51:27.066 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Amanda> It's completely safe? >> It's only for fly larvae. 51:27.366 --> 51:30.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It won't even kill like, Lepidopteran larvae. 51:30.866 --> 51:33.133 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% So, it's very, very specialized. 51:33.133 --> 51:35.466 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> It's so specific. Yeah. >> Yes. 51:35.466 --> 51:37.366 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And they last a good while. >> They are. They do. 51:37.366 --> 51:39.133 align:left position:22.5% line:89% size:67.5% They're just wonderful. 51:39.133 --> 51:40.266 align:left position:45% line:89% size:45% Yeah. 51:40.266 --> 51:42.300 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Terasa> And we'd encourage anyone using a rain barrel 51:42.300 --> 51:43.866 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% to screen it. 51:43.866 --> 51:46.966 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% Try to excludes mosquitoes. 51:46.966 --> 51:48.400 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% But you could use a dunk in there 51:48.400 --> 51:49.700 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% and it would still be safe 51:49.700 --> 51:51.033 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% to use the water on your plants. 51:51.033 --> 51:52.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Vicky> Ideally, you would screen it. Hannah> Yes. 51:54.000 --> 51:56.266 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% Amanda> You know, you can't always do what's ideal. 51:56.266 --> 51:58.600 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% (laughter) Davis, 51:59.033 --> 52:00.100 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% let's talk about something 52:00.100 --> 52:01.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% that might be fun for us to plant. 52:01.533 --> 52:03.066 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% It might be ideal. 52:03.066 --> 52:05.233 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Davis> Okay, well, we've got a couple of things here. 52:05.233 --> 52:06.633 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% We're getting back 52:06.633 --> 52:11.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to the species versus the cultivar, nativar nomenclature. 52:11.566 --> 52:17.833 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% This is our native blazing star or Liatris spicata. >> Yes? 52:17.833 --> 52:20.300 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% It's, it's an interesting 52:20.300 --> 52:22.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% perennial because, well, first of all, 52:22.233 --> 52:24.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% of course, it is a pollinator attractor. 52:24.733 --> 52:27.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Butterflies, hummingbirds will flock to it. 52:27.200 --> 52:28.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But the interesting thing about 52:28.400 --> 52:30.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% this one is most, most flowers, 52:30.733 --> 52:32.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% when they send up a scape of flowers, flowers 52:32.966 --> 52:36.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% always open from the bottom up to the top. 52:36.000 --> 52:38.633 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% The blazing star is exactly the opposite. 52:38.633 --> 52:40.500 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% It will send up its flower spike, 52:40.500 --> 52:42.733 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% and the flowers will open from the top 52:42.733 --> 52:44.400 align:left position:15% line:89% size:75% and then work their way down. 52:44.400 --> 52:45.533 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% I'm going to turn it around 52:45.533 --> 52:47.833 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% so you can see the picture of the flowers here. 52:48.500 --> 52:52.500 align:left position:32.5% line:89% size:57.5% And, the, the, 52:52.500 --> 52:54.500 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% it gives the impression of a shooting star 52:54.500 --> 52:57.300 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% because it's got this bright color at the top of it. 52:57.300 --> 53:00.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And then, and then as it fades, the lower 53:01.133 --> 53:02.400 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% flowers open up. 53:02.400 --> 53:03.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> That sounds fun. And what about this fellow? 53:03.366 --> 53:05.600 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% Davis> This is a red nodding onion. 53:05.600 --> 53:07.966 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% This is a, it's a native onion. 53:07.966 --> 53:10.333 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% It's got beautiful red flowers here. 53:10.333 --> 53:12.833 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Again, hummingbirds will crawl on their bellies 53:12.833 --> 53:14.800 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% from Mexico to get to the nectar, 53:14.800 --> 53:18.366 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% but, it's also a, it can be aggressive. 53:18.366 --> 53:21.266 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% This is a good one for reclaiming rocky slopes. 53:21.266 --> 53:23.566 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% I think where you've got a lot of rock, a lot of scree 53:23.566 --> 53:26.566 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% where, you know, a rock is starting to shatter, 53:26.766 --> 53:28.366 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% it's good for reclaiming that, 53:28.366 --> 53:29.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% because the roots will help 53:29.666 --> 53:32.800 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% further break down the, the minerals 53:32.800 --> 53:33.966 align:left position:27.5% line:89% size:62.5% in the rock, and -- 53:33.966 --> 53:35.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> But don't put it in the flower bed. 53:35.366 --> 53:36.600 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% Davis> Don't put it in your flower bed 53:36.600 --> 53:38.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% unless you've got a big, rocky flower bed. 53:38.866 --> 53:40.633 align:left position:12.5% line:83% size:77.5% Amanda> Okay. And what have we got out front? 53:40.633 --> 53:42.800 align:left position:15% line:83% size:75% Davis> Out front, we've got a couple of, of nativar, 53:42.800 --> 53:44.733 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% cultivar selections, 53:44.733 --> 53:47.933 align:left position:32.5% line:83% size:57.5% pick your word, of our native elderberry. 53:49.000 --> 53:50.033 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% The one on the right, 53:50.033 --> 53:52.366 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% the bright green one is one called lemony lace. 53:52.366 --> 53:55.366 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% It does not flower very heavily. 53:55.366 --> 53:56.933 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% It's grown mostly for the foliage, 53:56.933 --> 53:59.266 align:left position:37.5% line:83% size:52.5% but it does develop flowers. 53:59.266 --> 54:04.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And then the one on the left is, is one called dark tower. 54:04.233 --> 54:07.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% That one is a little more closely related to the species. 54:07.000 --> 54:08.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So it's going to produce the flowers, 54:08.800 --> 54:10.400 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% beautiful plant. 54:10.400 --> 54:11.966 align:left position:25% line:89% size:65% It can produce fruit 54:11.966 --> 54:13.166 align:left position:17.5% line:89% size:72.5% as long as there are other 54:13.166 --> 54:14.900 align:left position:27.5% line:83% size:62.5% native elderberries close by. 54:14.900 --> 54:18.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Amanda> Now, that's one more for the Upstate than the Lowcountry. 54:18.400 --> 54:20.366 align:left position:22.5% line:83% size:67.5% Davis> Yes, it can take a little bit of shade. 54:20.366 --> 54:21.700 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% And it loves moist soil. 54:21.700 --> 54:23.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Amanda> Okay. Thank you. Thank you so much. 54:23.366 --> 54:24.933 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% Thank you all for being with us. 54:24.933 --> 54:26.400 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% We really appreciate it. 54:26.400 --> 54:27.933 align:left position:17.5% line:83% size:72.5% And we hope that you'll be with us 54:27.933 --> 54:29.933 align:left position:25% line:83% size:65% next week right here on Making It Grow. 54:29.933 --> 54:31.600 align:left position:35% line:89% size:55% Night night. 54:31.600 --> 54:41.600 align:left position:50% line:89% size:40% ♪ 54:41.600 --> 54:51.600 align:left position:50% line:89% size:40% ♪ 54:51.600 --> 55:01.666 align:left position:50% line:89% size:40% ♪ 55:01.666 --> 55:11.666 align:left position:50% line:89% size:40% ♪ 55:11.666 --> 55:21.666 align:left position:50% line:89% size:40% ♪ 55:21.666 --> 55:31.666 align:left position:50% line:89% size:40% ♪ 55:31.666 --> 55:41.666 align:left position:87.5% line:89% size:2.5% ♪ 55:41.666 --> 55:45.666 align:left position:87.5% line:89% size:2.5% ♪ 55:46.833 --> 55:48.966 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% Making It Grow is brought to you in part by 55:48.966 --> 55:51.966 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% Certified South Carolina. 55:52.266 --> 55:55.266 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% This cooperative effort among farmers, retailers, 55:55.266 --> 55:56.833 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% and the South Carolina Department 55:56.833 --> 55:59.600 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% of Agriculture helps consumers identify foods 55:59.600 --> 56:01.966 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% and agricultural products that are grown, 56:01.966 --> 56:03.166 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% harvested, or raised 56:03.166 --> 56:06.200 align:left position:37.5% line:5% size:52.5% right here in the Palmetto State. 56:06.200 --> 56:09.200 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% McLeod Farms in McBee, South Carolina, 56:09.500 --> 56:12.500 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% family owned and operated since 1916. 56:13.000 --> 56:15.500 align:left position:22.5% line:5% size:67.5% This family farm offers seasonal produce, 56:15.500 --> 56:18.500 align:left position:32.5% line:5% size:57.5% including over 40 varieties of peaches. 56:19.300 --> 56:22.533 align:left position:30% line:5% size:60% Wesley Commons, a full service continuing 56:22.533 --> 56:27.000 align:left position:20% line:5% size:70% care retirement community located on more than 150 56:27.000 --> 56:30.000 align:left position:17.5% line:5% size:72.5% wooded acres in Greenwood, South Carolina. 56:30.733 --> 56:34.733 align:left position:12.5% line:5% size:77.5% Additional funding provided by the South Carolina Farm Bureau 56:34.733 --> 56:37.733 align:left position:27.5% line:5% size:62.5% Federation and Farm Bureau Insurance, 56:38.000 --> 56:39.966 align:left position:25% line:5% size:65% and Boone Hall Farms.