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Rudy:  
THIS TIME ON  NATURE SCENE

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WE VISIT THE CHINCOTEAGUE  
NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE

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ON THE EASTERN SHORE  
OF VIRGINIA--

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FAMOUS FOR WILD PONIES  
AND MIGRATORY WATERFOWL.

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WE SEE THEM BOTH AND MORE  
ON OUR BARRIER ISLAND VISIT.

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A PRODUCTION OF:

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NATURE SCENE  IS MADE POSSIBLE 
IN PART BY A GRANT FROM:

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WHERE PROTECTION AND 
IMPROVEMENT OF OUR ENVIRONMENT

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ARE EQUAL IN IMPORTANCE 
TO PROVIDING ELECTRIC ENERGY.

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ADDITIONAL FUNDING IS PROVIDED

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BY THE CORPORATION 
FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING

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AND BY VIEWERS LIKE YOU

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MEMBERS OF THE ETV ENDOWMENT 
OF SOUTH CAROLINA.

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♪

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HELLO, AND WELCOME 
TO  NATURE SCENE

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AT CHINCOTEAGUE 
NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE

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ON THE EASTERN 
SHORE OF VIRGINIA.

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I'M JIM WELCH, WITH 
NATURALIST RUDY MANCKE

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AND WE'RE ON 
THE ATLANTIC 
OCEAN RIGHT NOW

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WITH A BIT OF A 
BREEZE BLOWING 
IN OUR FACE.

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IT'S A CHILLY BREEZE 
THIS TIME OF YEAR.

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AND EARLY NOVEMBER IS 
AN INTERESTING TIME TO COME

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BECAUSE OF BIRDS MIGRATING 
THROUGH HERE.

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BUT THIS IS A BARRIER ISLAND

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AND I THINK THAT'S GOING TO BE

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A BIG PART OF THE STORY TODAY, 
JIM.

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WHAT IT MEANS TO BE 
A BARRIER ISLAND.

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AND BASICALLY, 
BARRIER ISLANDS 
ARE PILES OF SAND

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THAT SEPARATE AND ACT 
AS A BARRIER

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BETWEEN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN 
AND THE MAINLAND.

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AND I THINK WE'LL SEE 
HOW PLANTS AND ANIMALS

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MAKE ADJUSTMENTS 
TO SITUATIONS LIKE THAT.

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PROBABLY FORMED BECAUSE 
OF GLACIAL ACTIVITY

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EVEN THOUGH GLACIERS 
DIDN'T GET THIS FAR SOUTH.

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THEY AFFECTED OCEAN LEVELS 
WHICH FELL DURING GLACIAL TIMES

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AND THEN THE OCEAN 
HAS COME BACK IN

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AND FILLED 
SOME OLD RIVER VALLEYS.

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THERE'S LOTS 
TO TALK ABOUT TODAY.

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BUT I GUESS 
THE BEGINNING STORY HERE

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IS THE ATLANTIC OCEAN

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SLOWLY BUT SURELY RESHAPING 
THE FACE OF BARRIER ISLANDS.

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AND AGAIN, SAND IS SO EASILY 
MOVED BY WIND AND WATER.

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LOOK AT THE LITTLE 
SANDERLINGS DOWN THERE.

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ISN'T THAT 
A NEAT LITTLE BIRD?

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RUNNING ALONG, 
GETTING A MEAL.

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YEAH. CLOSE TO THE EDGE 
USUALLY OF THE WATER.

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GETTING WET 
EVERY NOW AND THEN

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AS THE TIDE PULLS OUT, 
EXPOSING FOOD TO THEM.

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THEY BEND DOWN 
AND PICK IT UP.

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THAT'S ONE ANIMAL 
THAT REALLY HAS MADE 
THE ADJUSTMENT HERE

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ALONG THE INNER TIDAL ZONE.

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AND OF COURSE, 
THE TIDE GOES OUT, 
THE TIDE COMES IN

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REWORKS ALL 
OF THIS MATERIAL HERE.

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GOES ON BEHIND US 
AND DOWN EVEN FARTHER.

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AND I THINK THIS IS 
A GOOD PLACE TO BEGIN

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WITH THE BARRIER ISLAND

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AND THEN SLOWLY BUT SURELY

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WE'LL WORK OUR WAY OVER 
TO THE BACK SIDE.

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LET'S GET STARTED.

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THIS IS ASSATEAGUE ISLAND 
THAT WE'RE WALKING ON NOW.

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PART OF THE CHINCOTEAGUE 
WILDLIFE REFUGE.

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AND THESE DUNES 
ARE PILING UP

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AND A FEW SHELLS COLLECTING 
IN BETWEEN THEM, RUDY.

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YEAH, THE DUNES HAVE 
BEEN STABILIZED 
BY SOME PLANTS

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AND THAT REALLY 
PROTECTS ALL THE PLANTS

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ON THE OTHER SIDE 
FROM SALT SPRAY.

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AND YOU'RE RIGHT.

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IT'S OBVIOUS 
THE OCEAN HAS BEEN HERE

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BECAUSE THERE ARE SHELLS

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AND OTHER BITS AND PIECES 
OF MATERIAL.

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LET ME GRAB THAT.

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SOME PEOPLE CALL THEM 
TREASURES OF THE SEA.

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AND YOU'LL SEE FOLKS 
WALKING ALONG...

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OH, YEAH.

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...PICKING UP SHELLS, 
WHICH IS OKAY TO DO.

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WELL, IT GIVES US A CHANCE 
TO SEE WHAT'S GOING ON OFFSHORE.

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I MEAN, THIS IS, IN A SENSE, 
WHEN YOU'RE BEACHCOMBING

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YOU'RE DOING A LITTLE 
LANDLOCKED OCEANOGRAPHY.

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YOU'RE LOOKING 
AT THE OCEAN

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EVEN THOUGH YOU'RE NOT 
ACTUALLY IN THE OCEAN ITSELF.

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YOU GOT SOMETHING?

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I DO.

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I GOT THREE OR FOUR THINGS 
HERE THAT ARE GOOD.

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AND REALLY, 
IT'S ALWAYS INTERESTING

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WHEN YOU LOOK AT AN ASSEMBLAGE 
OF SHELLS ESPECIALLY

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TO FIGURE OUT 
WHY CERTAIN SHELLS

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ARE MORE COMMON 
THAN OTHERS.

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USUALLY ON A BEACH YOU FIND

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MANY MORE BIVALVES 
THAN UNIVALVES.

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THIS IS ONE CALLED 
A SURF CLAM, JIM.

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IT'S VERY COMMON HERE.

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BIVALVES DOMINATE 
BECAUSE THEY'RE FILTER FEEDERS.

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THEY FEED ON PLANKTON.

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AND PLANKTON IS SO VERY COMMON 
IN THE OCEAN OFFSHORE.

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TWO PARTS 
TO THE SHELL.

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YEP.

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ANOTHER BIVALVE HERE.

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ONE CALLED AN ARK SHELL.

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A-R-K.

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YOU CAN SEE THE MUSCLE SCAR

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EVEN LEFT ON THE INSIDE 
OF THIS THING.

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THAT'S KIND OF NEAT.

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BUT ALSO NOW, 
THERE ARE UNIVALVES HERE.

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GET THIS ONE 
AND TURN IT OVER.

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I KNOW IT'S BROKEN 
A LITTLE BIT, BUT...

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IT'S A WHELK.

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IT'S ONE 
OF THE WHELKS, YEAH.

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AND IF YOU LOOK 
ON THE FRONT END OF IT

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YOU CAN SEE THERE'S REALLY A 
PRETTY DEEPLY CUT CHANNEL IN IT.

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THAT'S THE WAY YOU REMEMBER 
THE COMMON NAME--

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IT'S CHANNELED WHELK.

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THE WHELKS FEED 
ON THE BIVALVES.

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BUT NOW, AGAIN, 
WE'RE BEACHCOMBING

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SO THERE'S A GREAT MIX.

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HERE'S SOMETHING 
THAT IS REALLY STRANGE.

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I'VE HEARD IT CALLED 
MERMAID'S PURSE.

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MERMAID'S PURSE IS 
ONE COMMON NAME FOR IT.

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IT'S THE EGG CASE 
OF A LITTLE ANIMAL 
CALLED A SKATE

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WHICH IS BASICALLY 
A STINGRAY WITHOUT A BARB.

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YOU SEE, THAT'S 
INTERESTING, WASHING IN.

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VERY, VERY LIGHTWEIGHT.

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AND THEN 
ONE OTHER SHELL HERE

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JUST TO SHOW YOU 
HOW THINGS GET RECYCLED.

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THIS IS ONE OF THE UNIVALVES, 
ONE OF THE MARINE SNAILS.

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AND LOOK AT ALL 
OF THE TUBES IN THERE.

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WORM TUBES COMING IN 
TO GET A LITTLE MORE 
SOLID MATERIAL

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FOR THEIR TUBES 
TO BE BUILT ON.

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NOW, THAT'S 
A BAY SCALLOP 
THAT I PICKED UP.

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THERE YOU GO, 
ABSOLUTELY.

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DARK IN COLOR.

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BIVALVE.

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ONE OF THE BIVALVES. 
JUST ONE VALVE OF IT.

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WHEN YOU SEE SHELLS 
DARK LIKE THIS

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THEY'VE PROBABLY 
BEEN BURIED

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AND THEN COME BACK UP 
ON THE BEACH AFTER BEING BURIED.

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AND THEN A VERY 
COMMON UNIVALVE.

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THE KNOBBED WHELK.

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KNOBBED WHELK.

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ORANGE ON 
THE INSIDE THERE...

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AND WHEN YOU TURN IT AROUND 
AND LOOK AT IT ON THE FRONT

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THERE'S NO QUESTION WHY 
YOU CALL IT A KNOBBED WHELK.

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IT'S THE WHELK WITH 
THE LARGE KNOBS ON IT.

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NOW, HERE IS A 
QUESTION, RUDY.

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THIS IS ONE SHELL...

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SO I GUESS A UNIVALVE, 
BUT IT'S A MOON SNAIL.

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UNIVALVE.

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UNIVALVES ARE OFTEN SNAILS.

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AND THIS IS CALLED A MOON SNAIL 
OR A SHARK EYE.

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AND AGAIN, IT'S GOT 
THAT ONE OPENING ON IT.

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AND LIKE MOST 
OF THE UNIVALVES, 
IT'S A PREDATOR.

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THE REFUGE DOES ALLOW 
YOU TO KEEP SHELLS.

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SO I MIGHT KEEP THIS 
ONE AS A SOUVENIR.

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HERE'S ONE OTHER 
INTERESTING THING

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AT OUR FEET HERE.

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WONDERFUL LEFTOVER 
OF A HORSESHOE CRAB.

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SEE THAT HORSESHOE SHAPE 
ON THE FRONT...

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SPINES ON THE BACK 
AND THEN THAT SPINE 
ON THE TAIL.

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NEAT ANIMAL HERE.

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VERY COMMON IN 
THE ATLANTIC OCEAN OFFSHORE.

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NOW, WE SAID THAT SAND MOVES.

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IT'S GOT TO BE STABILIZED 
IF IT'S GOING TO FORM DUNES.

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LOOK AT THE PLANTS 
THAT COME IN HERE

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AND STABILIZE THESE DUNES.

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BEACHGRASS.

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BEACHGRASS IS 
THE COMMON ONE 
HERE, ISN'T IT?

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YOU SEE THE TUFTS 
COMING UP WITH FRUIT ON IT.

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FIBROUS ROOT SYSTEMS 
STABILIZES THE SAND

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AND ONCE SAND IS STABILIZED

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I SEE BAYBERRY 
COMING IN UP THERE.

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YOU SEE IT? 
THAT SHRUB

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WITH THE FAIRLY BROAD LEAVES 
AND BIG FRUIT ON IT...

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RATHER ROUNDED FRUIT ON IT.

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THAT'S THE ONE 
THAT THEY USED

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TO SCENT 
BAYBERRY CANDLES.

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SO, BAYBERRY'S REALLY 
COMMON IN THE DUNES

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AND THEN ALSO 
THE GOLDEN FLOWERS 
ON GOLDENROD.

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MOST OF THE FLOWERS 
HAVE ALREADY GONE

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BUT THERE ARE SOME 
FRESH ONES STILL LEFT.

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SEASIDE GOLDENROD 
IS THE COMMON NAME.

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OKAY, LET'S KEEP GOING.

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ONCE YOU GET FARTHER 
AWAY FROM THE SALT SPRAY

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NOW PLANTS COME IN 
THAT WOULDN'T DO WELL

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ON THOSE MORE OPEN AREAS.

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ADDS A LITTLE DIVERSITY 
TO BARRIER ISLANDS.

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AND SHRUB THICKET IS A GOOD WAY 
TO DESCRIBE THIS AREA

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RIGHT ON THE SIDE 
OF THE ROAD.

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A LOT OF INTERESTING 
PLANTS HERE

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NO QUESTION ABOUT THAT.

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RUDY, LOOK 
RIGHT DOWN HERE

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LYING... SOAKING 
UP SOME SUN--

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A LITTLE FAWN.

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IT'S PERFECT HABITAT.

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AND THAT'S A YOUNG 
WHITE-TAILED DEER

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AND SHE DOESN'T EVEN SEEM 
TO MIND US BEING HERE.

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LOOK AT THOSE EARS 
ON THAT THING

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AND BIG EYES 
AND CHEWING.

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LOOK AT THAT.

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SHE'S ALREADY GOTTEN 
SOMETHING TO EAT

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AND IS NOW 
CHEWING IT UP.

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SIDE-TO-SIDE MOTION 
OF THOSE MANDIBLES 
IS AMAZING TO ME.

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CHEWING HER CUD, 
IT LOOKS LIKE, YEAH.

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YEAH, A YOUNG ANIMAL

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AND REALLY, IT SEEMS 
TO BE USED TO PEOPLE.

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RIGHT ON THE EDGE 
OF THE THICKET.

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NOW, THESE... 
THIS SCRUB THICKET 
IS A PERFECT PLACE

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FOR LOTS OF ANIMALS 
TO FIND A HOME

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AND THAT'S PROBABLY 
THE MOST BEAUTIFUL 
OF ALL OF THEM.

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LOOK AT HIM.

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NOT EVEN SEEMING 
TO MIND OUR PRESENCE.

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NOW, THE SHRUBS HERE 
ARE INTERESTING.

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WE SAW BAYBERRY 
A MINUTE AGO.

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THERE'S SOME BAYBERRY HERE

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00:09:09,600 --> 00:09:12,600
BUT I SEE A PLANT THAT LOOKS 
A LOT LIKE BAYBERRY--

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MORE SLENDER LEAVES, 
SMALLER FRUIT ON IT

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AND THAT'S WAX MYRTLE.

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SAME GENUS, 
DIFFERENT SPECIES

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AND VERY, VERY COMMON HERE

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AND YOU SEE A PART 
OF THIS SHRUB THICKET ZONE.

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THE KEY IS IN THE SIZE 
OF THE LEAVES FOR ONE.

220
00:09:26,733 --> 00:09:28,533
THE BARK'S A LITTLE 
BIT DIFFERENT.

221
00:09:28,533 --> 00:09:30,833
YEAH, AND THE FRUIT SIZE 
IS ALSO DIFFERENT.

222
00:09:30,833 --> 00:09:32,400
GROUNDSEL TREE'S 
EASIER TO TELL

223
00:09:32,400 --> 00:09:34,166
WITH THOSE WHITISH 
BLOSSOMS ON IT.

224
00:09:34,166 --> 00:09:35,766
YEAH, A LITTLE BIT 
OF FUZZ ON IT.

225
00:09:35,766 --> 00:09:37,933
YEAH, THAT'S REALLY 
FRUIT DEVELOPING ON THAT

226
00:09:37,933 --> 00:09:39,666
AND THAT WOULD BE 
BLOWN BY THE WIND.

227
00:09:39,666 --> 00:09:41,100
GROUNDSEL IS ONE COMMON NAME.

228
00:09:41,100 --> 00:09:42,500
SALTWORT'S ANOTHER NAME.

229
00:09:42,500 --> 00:09:45,300
THERE ARE A LOT 
OF NAMES FOR SOME 
OF THESE PLANTS

230
00:09:45,300 --> 00:09:47,000
BUT THAT'S 
AN INTERESTING ONE.

231
00:09:47,000 --> 00:09:48,100
AND THEN BEHIND IT

232
00:09:48,100 --> 00:09:50,100
CHERRY... 
ONE OF THE CHERRIES.

233
00:09:50,100 --> 00:09:53,033
I WOULD IMAGINE 
WILD CHERRY OR BLACK CHERRY.

234
00:09:53,033 --> 00:09:54,933
A PRETTY WIDESPREAD SPECIES.

235
00:09:54,933 --> 00:09:56,666
MANY FOLKS KNOW 
THE VIRGINIA CREEPER.

236
00:09:56,666 --> 00:09:58,066
TURNING RED 
THIS TIME OF YEAR.

237
00:09:58,066 --> 00:10:00,200
OH, YEAH, THIS IS 
A PERFECT TIME OF THE YEAR.

238
00:10:00,200 --> 00:10:01,600
AND THERE'S 
A VINE COMING UP

239
00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:03,133
TO GET A LITTLE 
MORE SUNLIGHT.

240
00:10:03,133 --> 00:10:05,300
MUST HAVE HAD A LOT 
OF SUGAR IN THE LEAVES

241
00:10:05,300 --> 00:10:06,600
TO GIVE IT 
THAT RED COLOR.

242
00:10:06,600 --> 00:10:07,933
SMALL CEDAR.

243
00:10:07,933 --> 00:10:09,500
CEDAR... REALLY 
A JUNIPER, YOU KNOW

244
00:10:09,500 --> 00:10:10,866
BUT CEDAR IS 
WHAT WE CALL IT

245
00:10:10,866 --> 00:10:13,566
AND RIGHT NEXT TO IT, 
BRIGHT RED--

246
00:10:13,566 --> 00:10:17,000
DWARF SUMAC IS 
A GOOD COMMON NAME FOR THAT.

247
00:10:17,000 --> 00:10:18,733
COMPOUND LEAVES ON IT

248
00:10:18,733 --> 00:10:21,766
AND CHANGING COLORS 
THIS TIME OF YEAR.

249
00:10:21,766 --> 00:10:23,033
WE SAID GREAT 
DIVERSITY.

250
00:10:23,033 --> 00:10:24,100
IS THAT 
A PERSIMMON?

251
00:10:24,100 --> 00:10:25,433
THAT TALLER TREE?

252
00:10:25,433 --> 00:10:26,700
IT SURE IS.

253
00:10:26,700 --> 00:10:28,333
NO DOUBT ABOUT IT.

254
00:10:28,333 --> 00:10:29,666
AND FRUIT--

255
00:10:29,666 --> 00:10:32,033
I MEAN, JUST FAT FRUIT 
POPPING ON THAT PLANT

256
00:10:32,033 --> 00:10:33,833
AND THAT'S WHAT 
YOU EXPECT TO SEE

257
00:10:33,833 --> 00:10:35,066
THIS TIME OF THE YEAR.

258
00:10:35,066 --> 00:10:36,333
LOOK IN THE ROAD.

259
00:10:36,333 --> 00:10:38,300
LOOK IN THE ROAD 
RIGHT AHEAD OF US.

260
00:10:38,300 --> 00:10:39,800
TWO MORE 
WHITE-TAILED DEER.

261
00:10:39,800 --> 00:10:41,033
VIRGINIA WHITE-TAIL--

262
00:10:41,033 --> 00:10:42,766
A DOE IN FRONT, 
STANDING THERE.

263
00:10:42,766 --> 00:10:44,233
YEAH, LOOKING 
RIGHT AT US.

264
00:10:44,233 --> 00:10:45,933
OH, THAT IS 
A BEAUTIFUL ANIMAL.

265
00:10:45,933 --> 00:10:47,533
SEEMS PRETTY 
HEALTHY THERE.

266
00:10:47,533 --> 00:10:50,866
AND THEN THE MALE BEHIND, 
WITH THE LITTLE SPIKES ON IT.

267
00:10:50,866 --> 00:10:52,033
ISN'T THAT NEAT?

268
00:10:52,033 --> 00:10:53,033
LOOK AT IT.

269
00:10:53,033 --> 00:10:54,633
HE'S WALKING 
RIGHT TOWARD US.

270
00:10:54,633 --> 00:10:56,033
MANY WHITE-TAIL, 
I'M SURE

271
00:10:56,033 --> 00:10:57,366
IN THE THICKET ITSELF.

272
00:10:57,366 --> 00:11:00,233
AND SIKA DEER, WE MIGHT 
SEE IF WE'RE LUCKY TODAY.

273
00:11:00,233 --> 00:11:02,633
YEAH, AND THIS IS 
A LITTLE HIGHER AREA.

274
00:11:02,633 --> 00:11:04,900
VERY DIFFERENT 
ON THE OTHER SIDE, JIM.

275
00:11:04,900 --> 00:11:07,466
THIS IS ONE 
OF THOSE IMPOUNDMENTS

276
00:11:07,466 --> 00:11:10,800
THAT REALLY CHANGE 
THE WAY ANIMALS BEHAVE

277
00:11:10,800 --> 00:11:12,266
AND BRING IN SOME ANIMALS

278
00:11:12,266 --> 00:11:14,200
THAT WOULD NOT 
BE HERE OTHERWISE.

279
00:11:14,200 --> 00:11:16,300
THESE REFUGES ARE 
VERY, VERY SPECIAL

280
00:11:16,300 --> 00:11:18,766
BECAUSE THEY'RE PROTECTING 
A GREAT VARIETY

281
00:11:18,766 --> 00:11:20,133
OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS.

282
00:11:20,133 --> 00:11:22,633
MAN HAS TO DO A LOT 
OF WORK TO DO THAT...

283
00:11:22,633 --> 00:11:24,066
TO DO THAT JOB AS WELL.

284
00:11:24,066 --> 00:11:25,600
AND WHEN YOU THINK 
OF MAN--

285
00:11:25,600 --> 00:11:28,700
LOOK AT THE PONIES 
IN THE MARSH RIGHT THERE.

286
00:11:28,700 --> 00:11:31,333
THERE'S AN ANIMAL 
THAT'S INTERESTING.

287
00:11:31,333 --> 00:11:33,133
STORIES ABOUT 
HOW THEY CAME IN...

288
00:11:33,133 --> 00:11:34,833
ACTUALLY, PROBABLY 
IN THE 1600s

289
00:11:34,833 --> 00:11:36,266
PLANTERS BROUGHT 
THEM HERE

290
00:11:36,266 --> 00:11:37,900
TO KEEP FROM 
FENCING AND MAYBE

291
00:11:37,900 --> 00:11:40,000
TO KEEP FROM 
PAYING TAXES 
IS ONE STORY.

292
00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:41,166
THAT IS A NEAT ANIMAL

293
00:11:41,166 --> 00:11:43,233
AND YOU CAN SEE ONE 
OUT THERE FEEDING

294
00:11:43,233 --> 00:11:44,900
BUT THERE'S A BIRD 
ON THE BACK.

295
00:11:44,900 --> 00:11:47,266
THAT'S A STARLING 
SITTING ON THE BACK OF...

296
00:11:47,266 --> 00:11:48,500
ISN'T THAT A STARLING?

297
00:11:48,500 --> 00:11:49,833
IT SURE IS.

298
00:11:49,833 --> 00:11:51,000
A STARLING ON THE BACK

299
00:11:51,000 --> 00:11:52,466
I GUESS FINDING 
SOME INSECTS

300
00:11:52,466 --> 00:11:54,200
CLEANING THE ANIMAL 
A LITTLE BIT.

301
00:11:54,200 --> 00:11:55,466
ISN'T THAT INTERESTING?

302
00:11:55,466 --> 00:11:57,433
THE PONY DOESN'T 
SEEM TO MIND THAT.

303
00:11:57,433 --> 00:11:58,966
NO, NO, THAT'S 
HELPING HIM.

304
00:11:58,966 --> 00:12:01,633
THAT'S AN INTERESTING KIND 
OF MUTUALISTIC BOND

305
00:12:01,633 --> 00:12:03,000
THAT'S DEVELOPED THERE.

306
00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:04,400
SEE ANOTHER ONE OUT HERE.

307
00:12:04,400 --> 00:12:06,300
LOOK AT THE OTHER PONY 
IN THE WATER

308
00:12:06,300 --> 00:12:07,433
JUST SLOSHING ALONG.

309
00:12:07,433 --> 00:12:08,933
WOW, THE MANE 
ON THAT THING.

310
00:12:08,933 --> 00:12:11,066
THEY HAVE UPWARDS 
OF A FEW HUNDRED HERE

311
00:12:11,066 --> 00:12:14,233
AND THEN EACH YEAR, 
OF COURSE, THEY HAVE 
THAT PONY ROUNDUP

312
00:12:14,233 --> 00:12:16,266
TO TRY TO THIN THE 
HERD DOWN IN JULY.

313
00:12:16,266 --> 00:12:18,433
THOSE ARE 
BEAUTIFUL ANIMALS

314
00:12:18,433 --> 00:12:21,800
JUST MOVING ALONG 
OUT THERE IN THE WATER.

315
00:12:21,800 --> 00:12:23,900
THIS LITTLE DITCH 
CLOSE BY, TOO, IS NICE.

316
00:12:23,900 --> 00:12:25,200
SAW IT AS WE CAME UP

317
00:12:25,200 --> 00:12:27,333
BUT THE HORSES WERE 
MORE INTERESTING AT FIRST.

318
00:12:27,333 --> 00:12:29,466
LOOK AT THE GREAT BLUE HERON 
RIGHT THERE.

319
00:12:29,466 --> 00:12:31,600
LOOK AT THE GREAT 
BLUE HERON RIGHT THERE.

320
00:12:31,600 --> 00:12:32,600
LONG BEAK.

321
00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:33,933
STANDING THERE WADING.

322
00:12:33,933 --> 00:12:36,666
WADING, LOOKING FOR, 
I GUESS, FISH TO RECYCLE.

323
00:12:36,666 --> 00:12:38,000
BUT RIGHT ON THE EDGE.

324
00:12:38,000 --> 00:12:40,233
THAT IS A REALLY 
LARGE BIRD, ISN'T IT?

325
00:12:40,233 --> 00:12:42,266
AND LONG NECK, 
STILETTO-LIKE BEAK.

326
00:12:42,266 --> 00:12:45,133
IT WILL TRY TO GET FISH 
RIGHT IN THERE FOR SURE.

327
00:12:45,133 --> 00:12:46,233
BEAUTIFUL PLUMAGE.

328
00:12:46,233 --> 00:12:47,433
LOOK AT THIS.

329
00:12:47,433 --> 00:12:49,333
I SEE SOMETHING 
GETTING FISH MUCH QUICKER.

330
00:12:49,333 --> 00:12:50,366
THE OTTER.

331
00:12:50,366 --> 00:12:51,766
THE RIVER OTTER'S 
RIGHT IN HERE.

332
00:12:51,766 --> 00:12:53,100
THERE'S REALLY 
A GROUP OF THEM

333
00:12:53,100 --> 00:12:55,133
BUT THERE'S ONE THAT'S 
GOT A FISH IN HIS MOUTH

334
00:12:55,133 --> 00:12:57,200
AND JUST CHOMP, CHOMP, 
CHOMPING ON THAT THING.

335
00:12:57,200 --> 00:12:59,000
LOOK AT THAT-- 
WORKING HIM AROUND.

336
00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:00,633
YOU CAN SEE 
THOSE BIG TEETH...

337
00:13:00,633 --> 00:13:02,833
LARGE TEETH THERE, 
AND JUST CRUNCHING THE FISH

338
00:13:02,833 --> 00:13:03,933
GETTING UP 
ON THE SIDES.

339
00:13:03,933 --> 00:13:05,233
THEY FISH IN 
A DIFFERENT WAY

340
00:13:05,233 --> 00:13:06,533
BUT THEY'RE 
VERY GOOD AT IT.

341
00:13:06,533 --> 00:13:07,766
WELL, LOOK AT HIM.

342
00:13:07,766 --> 00:13:09,466
AND THERE'S GOES THE FISH, 
SLOWLY BUT SURELY.

343
00:13:09,466 --> 00:13:11,466
AND WE SEE ANOTHER ONE 
RIGHT NEXT TO HIM THERE.

344
00:13:11,466 --> 00:13:13,200
THAT'S AN INTERESTING 
GROUP OF ANIMALS--

345
00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:14,833
RIVER OTTERS-- 
AND OF COURSE THEY LIVE

346
00:13:14,833 --> 00:13:16,800
IN PLACES OTHER THAN JUST 
SPECIFICALLY RIVERS.

347
00:13:16,800 --> 00:13:18,000
THAT IS A BEAUTIFUL ANIMAL.

348
00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:19,300
ALWAYS A BIT 
COMICAL TO WATCH.

349
00:13:19,300 --> 00:13:21,533
I SEE ANOTHER 
INTERESTING ANIMAL

350
00:13:21,533 --> 00:13:24,600
OUT OF THE WATER DOWN HERE-- 
THE CORMORANT.

351
00:13:24,600 --> 00:13:27,066
SEE HIM SITTING 
UP THERE ON THE BRANCH

352
00:13:27,066 --> 00:13:28,666
WITH HIS BIG 
WEBBED FEET?

353
00:13:28,666 --> 00:13:31,033
THEY MOVE VERY RAPIDLY 
IN THE WATER.

354
00:13:31,033 --> 00:13:32,500
AND REALLY, 
LOOK AT THE ONE

355
00:13:32,500 --> 00:13:33,800
COMING DOWN THE DITCH.

356
00:13:33,800 --> 00:13:36,000
I MEAN, YOU CAN SEE 
HIM SWIMMING ALONG

357
00:13:36,000 --> 00:13:37,300
HEAD OUT OF THE WATER.

358
00:13:37,300 --> 00:13:39,866
YOU CAN SEE THAT 
DOWN-CURVED END 
ON THAT BEAK

359
00:13:39,866 --> 00:13:42,000
WHICH IS SO TYPICAL 
OF THE CORMORANT.

360
00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:43,733
OFTEN SEE THEM 
QUITE SUBMERGED

361
00:13:43,733 --> 00:13:45,000
EXCEPT FOR THAT NECK.

362
00:13:45,000 --> 00:13:46,000
NEAT ANIMAL.

363
00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:47,466
AND OUT IN THIS IMPOUNDMENT

364
00:13:47,466 --> 00:13:50,133
WELL, THE CANADA GEESE, I GUESS, 
GET OUR ATTENTION FIRST.

365
00:13:50,133 --> 00:13:52,133
LOOK AT THEM OUT FEEDING.

366
00:13:52,133 --> 00:13:54,733
REALLY EASY TO SEE 
WHEN THEY GET OUT OF THE WATER

367
00:13:54,733 --> 00:13:56,666
THE LARGE WEBBED FEET 
ON THOSE BIRDS.

368
00:13:56,666 --> 00:13:57,933
I MEAN, THAT'S TYPICAL.

369
00:13:57,933 --> 00:14:00,166
MOVES THEM THROUGH 
THE WATER VERY RAPIDLY.

370
00:14:00,166 --> 00:14:02,433
AND THE GOOSE-LIKE NECK 
IS FAIRLY OBVIOUS.

371
00:14:02,433 --> 00:14:04,366
THE MARKINGS 
SO YOU CAN SEE CLEARLY.

372
00:14:04,366 --> 00:14:05,800
WHITE ON THE BACK THERE

373
00:14:05,800 --> 00:14:08,866
AND THEN THE WHITE BLOTCH 
ON THE SIDE OF THE FACE.

374
00:14:08,866 --> 00:14:11,566
THAT'S PROBABLY THE MOST 
COMMONLY RECOGNIZED

375
00:14:11,566 --> 00:14:13,966
MIGRATORY BIRD 
IN ALL OF NORTH AMERICA.

376
00:14:13,966 --> 00:14:17,300
AND SOME OF THEM, OF COURSE, 
EVEN TODAY DON'T MIGRATE.

377
00:14:17,300 --> 00:14:20,200
THEY ACTUALLY STAY 
IN THE SAME AREA YEAR-ROUND.

378
00:14:20,200 --> 00:14:23,566
I IMAGINE MOST OF THESE, 
THOUGH, HAVE BEEN ON THE MOVE.

379
00:14:23,566 --> 00:14:25,066
ISN'T THAT 
A NEAT ANIMAL?

380
00:14:25,066 --> 00:14:26,066
GOOD SIZE ON IT.

381
00:14:26,066 --> 00:14:27,500
BLACK DUCK.

382
00:14:27,500 --> 00:14:30,133
BLACK DUCK COMING 
RIGHT AROUND THE 
SIDE THERE, YEAH.

383
00:14:30,133 --> 00:14:32,066
THAT'S A YEAR-ROUND 
RESIDENT HERE.

384
00:14:32,066 --> 00:14:34,066
I THINK THAT'S 
A GREAT COMMON NAME.

385
00:14:34,066 --> 00:14:35,766
LOOK HOW DARK THAT ANIMAL IS.

386
00:14:35,766 --> 00:14:38,933
THE BEAK IS LIGHTER IN COLOR, 
BUT VERY, VERY DARK BODY.

387
00:14:38,933 --> 00:14:41,633
AND SPEAKING OF DARK BODIES, 
I MEAN, COME ON.

388
00:14:41,633 --> 00:14:43,733
AMERICAN COOTS, 
THEY'RE EVERYWHERE.

389
00:14:43,733 --> 00:14:45,633
MOVING ALONG, 
SEE THE WHITE BEAK

390
00:14:45,633 --> 00:14:47,700
THE DARK BODY, 
THE JERKY MOVEMENT?

391
00:14:47,700 --> 00:14:48,833
A VERY SMALL ANIMAL.

392
00:14:48,833 --> 00:14:50,133
YOU CONSIDER IT A DUCK?

393
00:14:50,133 --> 00:14:51,333
THE FORM IN THE WATER

394
00:14:51,333 --> 00:14:53,366
REALLY DOES LOOK 
A LITTLE LIKE A DUCK

395
00:14:53,366 --> 00:14:55,766
AND A LOT OF PEOPLE 
PUT IT IN THAT CATEGORY

396
00:14:55,766 --> 00:14:58,566
BUT IN FACT, IT'S A MEMBER 
OF THE RALLIDAE FAMILY.

397
00:14:58,566 --> 00:15:01,333
I SEE THE GREEN-WINGED TEAL 
RIGHT OUT THERE, TOO.

398
00:15:01,333 --> 00:15:02,400
THEY'RE TRUE DUCKS.

399
00:15:02,400 --> 00:15:03,766
SMALL DUCKS AS THEY ARE.

400
00:15:03,766 --> 00:15:05,300
BUT LOOK AT THE MALES THERE

401
00:15:05,300 --> 00:15:07,700
WITH THAT BEAUTIFUL MARKING 
ON THEIR HEADS.

402
00:15:07,700 --> 00:15:08,866
A LITTLE BIT OF WHITE

403
00:15:08,866 --> 00:15:10,733
RIGHT IN FRONT 
OF THE WINGS THERE.

404
00:15:10,733 --> 00:15:13,800
AND THAT'S A VERY, 
VERY COMMON ANIMAL, 
LOOKS LIKE HERE.

405
00:15:13,800 --> 00:15:15,633
A SMALLER DUCK, 
THOUGH, FOR SURE.

406
00:15:15,633 --> 00:15:18,800
AND THEN THE DUCK 
EVERYBODY KNOWS-- 
THE MALLARD.

407
00:15:18,800 --> 00:15:20,266
MALE AND FEMALE HERE.

408
00:15:20,266 --> 00:15:21,366
GOOD-SIZED DUCK.

409
00:15:21,366 --> 00:15:22,833
THE DRAKE HERE, YEAH.

410
00:15:22,833 --> 00:15:24,300
THAT'S A NEAT ANIMAL.

411
00:15:24,300 --> 00:15:25,600
BEAUTIFULLY MARKED.

412
00:15:25,600 --> 00:15:27,633
JUST OUT THERE, 
TAKING IT EASY

413
00:15:27,633 --> 00:15:30,066
PREENING RIGHT THERE 
IN FRONT OF US.

414
00:15:30,066 --> 00:15:32,300
WAY OFF 
IN THE DISTANCE, TOO, NOW.

415
00:15:32,300 --> 00:15:36,133
HOPEFULLY, WE'RE GOING TO GET 
CLOSER LOOKS AT SNOW GEESE.

416
00:15:36,133 --> 00:15:39,466
BUT THERE THEY ARE 
IN THE DISTANCE, 
ALL THAT WHITE.

417
00:15:39,466 --> 00:15:42,500
AND LOOK AT THEM GETTING UP 
AND HEADING AWAY.

418
00:15:42,500 --> 00:15:43,833
(  chuckles  )

419
00:15:43,833 --> 00:15:46,033
HOPEFULLY, WE'LL GET 
A CLOSER LOOK

420
00:15:46,033 --> 00:15:48,000
AT THOSE BIRDS 
A LITTLE LATER.

421
00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:49,866
MANY FOLKS DON'T 
GET A CHANCE

422
00:15:49,866 --> 00:15:51,500
TO SEE SNOW GEESE, RUDY.

423
00:15:51,500 --> 00:15:53,566
BUT THEY SEE THIS OTHER 
BIRD, THIS GRAY EGRET

424
00:15:53,566 --> 00:15:55,500
ALTHOUGH THE NAME HAS 
CHANGED A FEW TIMES.

425
00:15:55,500 --> 00:15:57,500
YEAH, LONG NECK 
AND ORANGE BEAK ON IT.

426
00:15:57,500 --> 00:15:59,266
THERE'S NO DOUBT 
ABOUT THAT BIRD.

427
00:15:59,266 --> 00:16:01,366
VERY OBVIOUS, 
EVEN THOUGH 
THE DISTANCE.

428
00:16:01,366 --> 00:16:04,333
REALLY, A COUPLE MORE OF THEM 
OUT THERE FINDING A MEAL.

429
00:16:04,333 --> 00:16:06,166
AND THEN LOOK 
AT ALL THE TREE SWALLOWS

430
00:16:06,166 --> 00:16:08,766
THAT ARE RIGHT IN FRONT OF US, 
JIM, AND ALL AROUND US.

431
00:16:08,766 --> 00:16:10,133
I MEAN, I'VE BEEN LISTENING

432
00:16:10,133 --> 00:16:12,566
TO THEM A LITTLE BIT OFF 
AND ON AND WATCHING THEM.

433
00:16:12,566 --> 00:16:14,733
THEY'RE GATHERING TOGETHER 
NOW TO HEAD SOUTH.

434
00:16:14,733 --> 00:16:16,466
THEY GO MUCH FARTHER 
SOUTH THAN HERE

435
00:16:16,466 --> 00:16:18,866
AND THEY'RE JUST GETTING 
TOGETHER TO GET STARTED.

436
00:16:18,866 --> 00:16:20,933
LOOK IN THE DITCH 
DOWN HERE, RUDY.

437
00:16:20,933 --> 00:16:22,366
THAT'S A 
PAINTED TURTLE.

438
00:16:22,366 --> 00:16:24,433
RIGHT ON THE EDGE 
THERE ON THE LOG

439
00:16:24,433 --> 00:16:26,433
COMING OUT 
OF THE WATER, SURE IS.

440
00:16:26,433 --> 00:16:27,766
NO QUESTION ABOUT IT.

441
00:16:27,766 --> 00:16:29,666
AND I IMAGINE 
THAT WATER'S CHILLY

442
00:16:29,666 --> 00:16:31,600
SO THAT TURTLE 
WANTS TO STAY OUT.

443
00:16:31,600 --> 00:16:34,700
DOESN'T SEEM TO BE BOTHERED 
BY US BEING HERE AT ALL.

444
00:16:40,033 --> 00:16:42,666
PINE TREES ARE 
DOING VERY WELL 
ALONG THIS ROAD.

445
00:16:42,666 --> 00:16:44,166
YEAH, THEY REALLY COME IN.

446
00:16:44,166 --> 00:16:46,933
LOBLOLLY PINE IS THE SPECIES 
THAT DOMINATES HERE

447
00:16:46,933 --> 00:16:48,866
AND REALLY 
INTO THESE SANDY SOILS.

448
00:16:48,866 --> 00:16:52,133
YOU KNOW, THE OLD SAND DUNES 
ARE NOW STABILIZED BY PINES.

449
00:16:52,133 --> 00:16:53,600
BEETLES GET SOME OF THEM.

450
00:16:53,600 --> 00:16:55,366
BUT LOOK IN THE TOP 
OF THIS ONE

451
00:16:55,366 --> 00:16:57,333
THAT'S BEEN KILLED 
BY THE BEETLE.

452
00:16:57,333 --> 00:16:58,466
IT'S A YOUNG HAWK.

453
00:16:58,466 --> 00:16:59,533
THAT IS A MERLIN.

454
00:16:59,533 --> 00:17:01,166
THAT IS A MERLIN UP THERE

455
00:17:01,166 --> 00:17:03,733
PICKING APART 
PROBABLY A WARBLER, I GUESS.

456
00:17:03,733 --> 00:17:05,166
TEARING IT UP!

457
00:17:05,166 --> 00:17:08,366
THAT LOOKS LIKE A SMALLER 
VERSION OF A PEREGRINE FALCON

458
00:17:08,366 --> 00:17:10,000
BUT A MERLIN IS UNCOMMON.

459
00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:12,900
IT MIGRATES THROUGH HERE 
AND SO DO THE WARBLERS

460
00:17:12,900 --> 00:17:16,266
AND THAT BIRD IS RECYCLING 
RIGHT THERE IN FRONT OF US

461
00:17:16,266 --> 00:17:19,833
PULLING OFF CHUNKS OF FEATHERS 
TO GET DOWN TO THE FLESH.

462
00:17:19,833 --> 00:17:21,033
VERY COLORFUL BIRD.

463
00:17:21,033 --> 00:17:22,700
THAT'S A FULL- 
SIZE MERLIN.

464
00:17:22,700 --> 00:17:25,033
MAN, YEAH. THAT IS 
AN AMAZING ANIMAL.

465
00:17:25,033 --> 00:17:27,033
WHAT A BEAUTIFUL BIRD UP TOP.

466
00:17:27,033 --> 00:17:29,766
AND I THOUGHT I SAW 
AS WE WALKED UP-- 
LOOK OUT HERE.

467
00:17:29,766 --> 00:17:31,466
THERE IS A... 
AH, A LITTLE DEER.

468
00:17:31,466 --> 00:17:32,633
SIKA DEER. 
YEAH.

469
00:17:32,633 --> 00:17:34,266
INTRODUCTION: 
ASIATIC SPECIES.

470
00:17:34,266 --> 00:17:35,333
DARK DOWN THE BACK.

471
00:17:35,333 --> 00:17:37,000
THAT'S A MALE 
WITH THE ANTLERS.

472
00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:38,466
YOU CAN SEE THEM ALL THERE

473
00:17:38,466 --> 00:17:40,400
LEANING AND AIMING 
TOWARDS THE BACK

474
00:17:40,400 --> 00:17:41,733
WITH SOME TINES ON THEM.

475
00:17:41,733 --> 00:17:43,900
FEEDING ON WILLOW, 
IT LOOKS LIKE THERE.

476
00:17:43,900 --> 00:17:46,333
RUDY, 1923, THEY WERE 
BROUGHT TO THE ISLAND

477
00:17:46,333 --> 00:17:47,900
AND THEY'RE 
DOING VERY WELL.

478
00:17:47,900 --> 00:17:49,033
VERY SHORT, THOUGH.

479
00:17:49,033 --> 00:17:50,800
I SEE ANOTHER ONE 
DOWN THE WAY.

480
00:17:50,800 --> 00:17:53,466
A YOUNGER ONE WITH ITS BACK 
TO US-- BLACK DOWN THE BACK.

481
00:17:53,466 --> 00:17:54,866
LOOK AT THE WHITE RUMP PATCH.

482
00:17:54,866 --> 00:17:56,000
VERY CLEAR, SMALL TAIL.

483
00:17:56,000 --> 00:17:57,666
AND LOOK AT THE WAY 
THAT RUMP PATCH

484
00:17:57,666 --> 00:17:59,533
SEEMS TO GET BIGGER 
WHEN IT MOVES AWAY.

485
00:17:59,533 --> 00:18:02,600
THE MUSCLES CONTRACT, 
THOSE HAIR SEPARATE, 
AND IT LOOKS BIGGER.

486
00:18:02,600 --> 00:18:03,600
THAT'S A WARNING.

487
00:18:03,600 --> 00:18:05,200
YEAH. AND I GUESS THAT'S

488
00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:07,533
THE MOTHER, PROBABLY, 
DOWN THE WAY.

489
00:18:07,533 --> 00:18:11,266
INTRODUCTION: IT'S REALLY 
DONE WELL HERE ON THIS ISLAND.

490
00:18:17,033 --> 00:18:19,966
THIS BREEZE HAS STAYED 
WITH US THROUGHOUT THE DAY

491
00:18:19,966 --> 00:18:21,600
MAKING IT A LITTLE BIT COOL

492
00:18:21,600 --> 00:18:24,000
BUT STILL A GREAT DAY 
FOR BIRD-WATCHING.

493
00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:26,833
AND THIS LOOPED ROAD 
MAKES IT THAT MUCH EASIER.

494
00:18:26,833 --> 00:18:29,300
ISN'T IT NICE TO HAVE 
A PLACE TO BRING YOUR CAR

495
00:18:29,300 --> 00:18:31,900
AND EVEN ON A COLD DAY, 
GET A GOOD LOOK AT THINGS?

496
00:18:31,900 --> 00:18:34,600
AND OF COURSE WHEN YOU GET 
CLOSE TO STANDING WATERS

497
00:18:34,600 --> 00:18:37,000
WE'VE ALREADY SEEN 
THE WORLD BEGINS TO CHANGE.

498
00:18:37,000 --> 00:18:38,533
LOOK AT THE  PHRAGMITES.

499
00:18:38,533 --> 00:18:41,566
IT'S COMING ALONG THE EDGE HERE 
NOW AND BEGINNING TO DOMINATE.

500
00:18:41,566 --> 00:18:42,633
OH, AND THAT BREEZE.

501
00:18:42,633 --> 00:18:44,333
BUT YOU COME 
TO A PLACE LIKE THIS

502
00:18:44,333 --> 00:18:45,900
AND BIRDS, 
I THINK, TAKE OVER.

503
00:18:45,900 --> 00:18:47,500
THERE'S NO QUESTION 
ABOUT THAT.

504
00:18:47,500 --> 00:18:49,066
LOOK AT THE BIG SWANS 
OUT THERE.

505
00:18:49,066 --> 00:18:50,533
AT THE TUNDRA 
SWANS OUT THERE.

506
00:18:50,533 --> 00:18:52,500
TUNDRA SWANS. 
TWO OF THEM 
TOGETHER THERE.

507
00:18:52,500 --> 00:18:54,700
ALL THAT WHITE 
AND THEN THE BEAK VERY BLACK.

508
00:18:54,700 --> 00:18:59,033
SWAN-LIKE NECK, AND YOU SEE 
THE WAY IT CAN STICK THAT NECK

509
00:18:59,033 --> 00:19:02,766
DEEP DOWN UNDERWATER 
AND TILT ITS BACK IN, THOUGH

510
00:19:02,766 --> 00:19:05,266
AND FIND FOOD 
RIGHT ON THE BOTTOM.

511
00:19:05,266 --> 00:19:07,500
THAT'S A BIG ANIMAL, 
ISN'T IT?

512
00:19:07,500 --> 00:19:09,266
NOT QUITE AS LARGE 
AS TRUMPETER

513
00:19:09,266 --> 00:19:10,866
BUT STILL A BIG, 
BIG ANIMAL.

514
00:19:10,866 --> 00:19:12,833
WELL, THAT'S 
A SPECTACULAR ANIMAL.

515
00:19:12,833 --> 00:19:14,400
THERE'S NO DOUBT ABOUT IT.

516
00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:18,100
LOOK AT THE LITTLE RUDDY DUCKS 
COMING AND GOING AROUND IT, SEE?

517
00:19:18,100 --> 00:19:19,766
COMING AND GOING IN AND OUT.

518
00:19:19,766 --> 00:19:23,166
LITTLE RUDDY DUCKS DOING NICELY 
EVEN IN THIS COLD WEATHER.

519
00:19:23,166 --> 00:19:24,900
THAT IS A LOT OF WHITE IN IT.

520
00:19:24,900 --> 00:19:26,400
AND I SEE ALSO... 
LOOK OVER HERE

521
00:19:26,400 --> 00:19:28,000
NOT REALLY TOO FAR 
UP ON THE SIDE.

522
00:19:28,000 --> 00:19:29,233
SNOW GEESE ARE COMING OUT!

523
00:19:29,233 --> 00:19:30,500
THIS GIVES US A LITTLE BIT

524
00:19:30,500 --> 00:19:32,100
OF A CLOSER LOOK 
AT THOSE ANIMALS.

525
00:19:32,100 --> 00:19:33,366
AND THAT'S WHY 
THE REFUGE

526
00:19:33,366 --> 00:19:35,366
FOR ONE REASON IT WAS 
BUILT HERE WAS BECAUSE

527
00:19:35,366 --> 00:19:37,933
OF THE ENDANGERED SNOW GEESE 
AT THAT TIME IN 1943.

528
00:19:37,933 --> 00:19:39,066
THEY MADE A COMEBACK.

529
00:19:39,066 --> 00:19:40,966
AND YOU SEE 
THEY'RE LEAVING THE WATER

530
00:19:40,966 --> 00:19:43,133
TO GET A LITTLE NIBBLE 
OR SOMETHING THERE.

531
00:19:43,133 --> 00:19:44,933
SOME OF THEM 
STILL OUT IN THE OPEN.

532
00:19:44,933 --> 00:19:46,300
VARIETY OF COLORS ON THEM.

533
00:19:46,300 --> 00:19:48,633
VERY OBVIOUS, THERE'S 
NO QUESTION ABOUT THAT.

534
00:19:48,633 --> 00:19:51,000
AND THERE ARE A COUPLE 
OF COLORED FACES

535
00:19:51,000 --> 00:19:53,200
YOU KNOW, OF THAT, 
UH, OF THAT BIRD.

536
00:19:53,200 --> 00:19:56,566
AND THE IMMATURE 
HAS A DIFFERENT 
COLOR AS WELL.

537
00:19:56,566 --> 00:19:58,733
JIM, THERE COMES 
A NORTHERN HARRIER--

538
00:19:58,733 --> 00:20:01,666
YOU KNOW, THE OLD NAME, 
MARSH HAWK, FOR THAT THING

539
00:20:01,666 --> 00:20:04,433
MAKES SENSE HERE-- 
FLYING RIGHT OVER THE MARSH.

540
00:20:04,433 --> 00:20:06,133
WHITE RUMP PATCH, 
VERY CLEAR.

541
00:20:06,133 --> 00:20:08,166
PLAYING WITH THE WIND, 
YOU CAN SEE.

542
00:20:08,166 --> 00:20:10,266
LOOK AT IT, 
HOVERING IN ONE POSITION

543
00:20:10,266 --> 00:20:12,200
RIGHT OVER THE TOP 
OF THE GRASSES

544
00:20:12,200 --> 00:20:13,966
LOOKING FOR A MEAL, 
OF COURSE.

545
00:20:13,966 --> 00:20:15,400
WHAT A MIX RIGHT DOWN...

546
00:20:15,400 --> 00:20:16,566
LOOK RIGHT IN HERE.

547
00:20:16,566 --> 00:20:18,866
LOOKS LIKE A GULL-- 
BLACK-BACKED GULL--

548
00:20:18,866 --> 00:20:19,933
HAS GOT SOMETHING.

549
00:20:19,933 --> 00:20:21,333
WHAT IS THAT? A COOT?

550
00:20:21,333 --> 00:20:23,933
YOU KNOW, LOOKS LIKE 
A DEAD COOT, RUDY, BUT...

551
00:20:23,933 --> 00:20:25,100
TEARING AT IT. 
YEAH.

552
00:20:25,100 --> 00:20:26,733
TEARING AT IT A LITTLE BIT.

553
00:20:26,733 --> 00:20:29,700
TRYING EVEN THOUGH THE BODY 
IS KIND OF BOBBING UP.

554
00:20:29,700 --> 00:20:30,966
TRYING TO RIP IT OFF.

555
00:20:30,966 --> 00:20:32,433
GULLS ARE SCAVENGERS.

556
00:20:32,433 --> 00:20:35,766
OH, YEAH. TAKING ADVANTAGE 
OF ANIMALS THAT HAVEN'T SURVIVED

557
00:20:35,766 --> 00:20:38,533
FOR ONE REASON OR ANOTHER, 
AND THE COLD DAY NOW

558
00:20:38,533 --> 00:20:41,200
REALLY PUTS A LOT OF STRESS 
ON THESE ANIMALS.

559
00:20:41,200 --> 00:20:42,866
THAT'S AN INTERESTING BIRD.

560
00:20:42,866 --> 00:20:45,000
RIGHT OUT HERE, TOO, 
LOOK AT THE, UH...

561
00:20:45,000 --> 00:20:47,000
LOOK AT THE, UH... 
IS THAT AN AVOCET?

562
00:20:47,000 --> 00:20:48,900
I THINK THAT'S 
ONE AVOCET IN THERE.

563
00:20:48,900 --> 00:20:52,066
THE AMERICAN AVOCET IN AMONG 
THE RING-BILLED GULLS AND...

564
00:20:52,066 --> 00:20:55,600
THAT'S AN AVOCET-- 
THERE'S NO DOUBT ABOUT IT-- 
IN WINTER PLUMAGE.

565
00:20:55,600 --> 00:20:58,466
SEE THE BEAK CURVED UP 
JUST A LITTLE BIT ON THE END?

566
00:20:58,466 --> 00:20:59,566
THEY DO COME HERE.

567
00:20:59,566 --> 00:21:01,366
THIS IS A BIT 
EARLY FOR THAT.

568
00:21:01,366 --> 00:21:04,000
I SEE YELLOWLEGS PLAYING 
AROUND OUT THERE, TOO.

569
00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:06,133
COUPLE OF YELLOWLEGS 
COMING AND GOING.

570
00:21:06,133 --> 00:21:08,066
BUT THAT IS 
AN INTERESTING ANIMAL.

571
00:21:08,066 --> 00:21:10,666
I DON'T SEE 
THAT MANY... AVOCETS

572
00:21:10,666 --> 00:21:14,000
AND THAT'S A NICE ONE 
TO TAKE A LOOK AT.

573
00:21:14,000 --> 00:21:16,100
JIM, LOOK ON THE OTHER 
SIDE OF THE ROAD

574
00:21:16,100 --> 00:21:17,500
ON THAT TELEPHONE LINE.

575
00:21:17,500 --> 00:21:20,366
A WHOLE LINE, A GROUP OF 
STARLINGS PERCHED IN POSITION

576
00:21:20,366 --> 00:21:22,133
ABSOLUTELY 
IN THE SAME DIRECTION.

577
00:21:22,133 --> 00:21:23,700
AND YOU CAN SEE THEM SORT OF

578
00:21:23,700 --> 00:21:26,266
TEETER-TOTTERING IN THE WIND 
THERE A LITTLE BIT

579
00:21:26,266 --> 00:21:27,633
TAILS GOING UP AND DOWN.

580
00:21:27,633 --> 00:21:29,133
SPECKLED LOOK ON IT.

581
00:21:29,133 --> 00:21:32,466
NO DOUBT ABOUT THE FACT THAT 
THAT WAS A STARLING ON THE PONY

582
00:21:32,466 --> 00:21:34,300
YOU KNOW, THAT WE SAW EARLIER.

583
00:21:34,300 --> 00:21:35,866
THAT'S A VERY COMMON BIRD.

584
00:21:35,866 --> 00:21:38,100
NOT A NATIVE SPECIES, 
PERCHED UP HIGH

585
00:21:38,100 --> 00:21:41,600
AND YOU CAN EVEN SEE 
HIM COMING DOWN, LOOK, 
TOWARD THE DWARF SUMAC.

586
00:21:41,600 --> 00:21:44,633
WE SAW DWARF SUMAC A LITTLE BIT 
EARLIER WITH FRUIT ON IT.

587
00:21:44,633 --> 00:21:46,600
WELL, NOW THESE BIRDS 
ARE COMING DOWN

588
00:21:46,600 --> 00:21:49,766
AND TAKING SOME OF THAT FRUIT 
AND CHANGING IT INTO STARLING

589
00:21:49,766 --> 00:21:51,933
AND THEN, OF COURSE, 
FLYING BACK UP

590
00:21:51,933 --> 00:21:53,566
AND SITTING ON THAT LINE.

591
00:21:53,566 --> 00:21:56,233
THAT IS AN INTERESTING BIRD.

592
00:21:56,233 --> 00:21:57,800
NOW LOOK OVER HERE, TOO.

593
00:21:57,800 --> 00:22:01,366
RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD 
PERCHED RIGHT ON TOP 
OF THE SUMAC AGAIN.

594
00:22:01,366 --> 00:22:04,266
DWARF SUMACS ATTRACTING 
LOTS OF THINGS, YOU SEE.

595
00:22:04,266 --> 00:22:08,500
IT'S A MALE, CLEARLY, 
BECAUSE OF THOSE LITTLE 
RED MARKINGS ON THE WING.

596
00:22:08,500 --> 00:22:12,000
VERY, VERY TYPICAL 
OF MARSHY SITUATIONS 
JUST LIKE THIS ONE.

597
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:14,700
STREAMS OF SNOW GEESE 
AND CANADA GEESE

598
00:22:14,700 --> 00:22:16,733
COMING IN SLOWLY BUT SURELY.

599
00:22:16,733 --> 00:22:19,633
THIS IS THE TIME OF YEAR 
WHEN THIS REFUGE

600
00:22:19,633 --> 00:22:22,733
BEGINS TO FILL UP 
WITH MIGRATORY WATERFOWL.

601
00:22:22,733 --> 00:22:24,333
RIGHT ON THE 
ATLANTIC FLYWAY

602
00:22:24,333 --> 00:22:26,300
IT'S SO IMPORTANT 
TO ALL OF THEM.

603
00:22:26,300 --> 00:22:28,466
OH, YEAH, AND A LOT 
OF THE SNOW GEESE...

604
00:22:28,466 --> 00:22:31,066
LOOK AT THE BALD EAGLE 
COMING RIGHT AT US!

605
00:22:31,066 --> 00:22:33,466
AND I KNOW THAT'LL 
GET THOSE GEESE UP.

606
00:22:33,466 --> 00:22:34,500
LOOK AT THEM GO.

607
00:22:34,500 --> 00:22:35,900
YEAH, THEY TAKE OFF

608
00:22:35,900 --> 00:22:38,233
AND IT'S JUST WAVES 
OF THEM GOING UP.

609
00:22:38,233 --> 00:22:40,233
(  quacking  )

610
00:22:43,933 --> 00:22:46,266
SEE THEM GOING AROUND, TOO, 
SWINGING BACK.

611
00:22:46,266 --> 00:22:49,100
YOU KNOW, THE EAGLES ALREADY 
BEGINNING TO MOVE ON.

612
00:22:49,100 --> 00:22:52,166
I'M SURE THEY'LL SLOWLY 
BUT SURELY WORK THEIR WAY BACK

613
00:22:52,166 --> 00:22:55,633
PROBABLY TO THE SAME GENERAL 
AREA AND LAND BACK ON THE WATER.

614
00:22:55,633 --> 00:22:57,200
THAT'S A SPECTACULAR SIGHT.

615
00:22:57,200 --> 00:22:59,000
A SCENE THAT 
WILL TAKE PLACE

616
00:22:59,000 --> 00:23:01,666
TIME AND TIME AGAIN 
HERE AT THE REFUGE.

617
00:23:01,666 --> 00:23:05,400
THOSE ARE GREAT BIRDS TO SEE 
ON THE WATER OR ON THE WING

618
00:23:05,400 --> 00:23:08,800
AND EVEN TO LISTEN TO SOME 
OF THE SOUNDS THEY MAKE.

619
00:23:08,800 --> 00:23:12,533
TYPICAL OF THIS TIME OF YEAR-- 
THIS SEASON OF MIGRATION.

620
00:23:12,533 --> 00:23:14,733
AND THEY LIKE 
THESE IMPOUNDMENTS.

621
00:23:14,733 --> 00:23:16,300
REMEMBER THE ONLY 
OTHER HABITAT

622
00:23:16,300 --> 00:23:17,933
THAT WE REALLY 
HAVEN'T LOOKED AT

623
00:23:17,933 --> 00:23:20,600
WE LOOKED AT THE OTHER DAY 
QUICKLY-- THE SALT MARSH

624
00:23:20,600 --> 00:23:23,133
WITH THE SPARTINA GRASS 
NOW DOMINATING OUT THERE.

625
00:23:23,133 --> 00:23:24,833
I MEAN, THAT'S 
THE DOMINANT PLANT

626
00:23:24,833 --> 00:23:27,366
TRAPPING ENERGY FROM THE SUN 
AND MAKING MORE FOOD

627
00:23:27,366 --> 00:23:30,466
PROBABLY THAN ANY OTHER PLANT 
COMMUNITY THAT WE KNOW ABOUT.

628
00:23:30,466 --> 00:23:31,666
AND THAT'S THE BASIS

629
00:23:31,666 --> 00:23:34,266
FOR A LOT OF THE ANIMAL 
LIFE IN THE OCEAN.

630
00:23:34,266 --> 00:23:35,933
YOU ALWAYS NO SALT MARSHES

631
00:23:35,933 --> 00:23:39,533
ON THE BACK SIDE OF THESE 
BARRIER ISLANDS FACING THE BAY.

632
00:23:39,533 --> 00:23:41,400
THERE'S ALMOST 
14,000 ACRES HERE.

633
00:23:41,400 --> 00:23:44,066
DIFFERENT HABITATS, AND 
NOVEMBER'S A GOOD TIME

634
00:23:44,066 --> 00:23:46,366
TO COME VISIT BECAUSE 
OF THE MIGRATIONS.

635
00:23:46,366 --> 00:23:48,733
ABSOLUTELY, AND THIS IS 
A WONDERFUL PLACE, TOO

636
00:23:48,733 --> 00:23:51,266
TO FIGURE OUT WHAT 
A BARRIER ISLAND IS ALL ABOUT.

637
00:23:51,266 --> 00:23:54,133
I THINK WE'VE BEEN ABLE 
TO DO THAT WITH OUR VISIT HERE.

638
00:23:54,133 --> 00:23:56,866
THE OPEN OCEAN AND THEN 
THOSE DUNES THAT WE LOOKED AT

639
00:23:56,866 --> 00:23:59,666
AND THEN THE FORESTS 
AND THE IMPOUNDMENTS 
AND THE REST.

640
00:23:59,666 --> 00:24:01,966
GREAT MIX OF PLANT 
AND ANIMAL SPECIES HERE.

641
00:24:01,966 --> 00:24:03,533
I LIKE THAT ALWAYS, 
OF COURSE.

642
00:24:03,533 --> 00:24:06,200
AND THEN WE GOT EVEN TO LOOK 
AT THE BACK SIDE, TOO.

643
00:24:06,200 --> 00:24:07,933
YEAH, IT WAS GOOD 
TO FIND OUT

644
00:24:07,933 --> 00:24:09,300
THAT THIS IS MUCH MORE

645
00:24:09,300 --> 00:24:11,800
THAN JUST THE WILD 
PONIES OF CHINCOTEAGUE

646
00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:14,533
HERE AT CHINCOTEAGUE 
NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE

647
00:24:14,533 --> 00:24:16,533
ON THE EASTERN 
SHORE OF VIRGINIA.

648
00:24:16,533 --> 00:24:18,633
THANKS FOR 
VISITING WITH US

649
00:24:18,633 --> 00:24:22,033
AND JOIN US AGAIN ON 
THE NEXT  NATURE SCENE.

650
00:24:23,000 --> 00:25:45,000
♪

651
00:25:48,166 --> 00:25:50,400
NATURE SCENE  IS MADE POSSIBLE 
IN PART

652
00:25:50,400 --> 00:25:52,200
BY A GRANT FROM SANTEE COOPER

653
00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:55,233
WHERE PROTECTION AND IMPROVEMENT 
OF OUR ENVIRONMENT

654
00:25:55,233 --> 00:25:58,433
ARE EQUAL IN IMPORTANCE 
TO PROVIDING ELECTRIC ENERGY.

655
00:26:00,400 --> 00:26:02,200
ADDITIONAL FUNDING IS PROVIDED

656
00:26:02,200 --> 00:26:07,500
BY THE CORPORATION 
FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING

657
00:26:07,500 --> 00:26:09,700
AND BY VIEWERS LIKE YOU

658
00:26:09,700 --> 00:26:13,033
MEMBERS OF THE ETV ENDOWMENT 
OF SOUTH CAROLINA.