WEBVTT 00:03.603 --> 00:09.509 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG: Tonight on PBS News Weekend. As# the pause in fighting in Gaza takes hold,## 00:09.509 --> 00:12.712 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Israel awaits the return of# their hostages and thousands## 00:12.712 --> 00:15.915 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% of Palestinians return to# the ruins of their homes. 00:15.915 --> 00:20.954 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Then, the latest progress and what's on# the horizon for preventing and treating## 00:20.954 --> 00:25.992 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% breast cancer. And in our weekend# spotlight, bestselling author Mitch## 00:25.992 --> 00:31.664 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Albom talks about his latest book,# his writing process and giving back. 00:31.664 --> 00:34.868 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: I wanted to write a book that# showed that even if you had the ability,## 00:34.868 --> 00:39.906 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the magical ability to go back in time and# change it, you might find a whole new set of## 00:39.906 --> 00:49.049 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% problems and you might find that you miss what# you learned from what you thought was a mistake. 00:49.049 --> 02:11.364 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% (BREAK) 02:12.799 --> 02:17.504 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG: Good evening. I'm John Yang.# It's day 11 of the government shutdown## 02:17.504 --> 02:21.741 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and there are still no signs of efforts# to end the congressional stalemate that's## 02:21.741 --> 02:25.912 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% blocking federal funding. President Trump# says he's directed the Defense Department## 02:25.912 --> 02:31.851 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% to use all available funds to make sure# U.S. troops are paid on time on Wednesday. 02:31.851 --> 02:36.222 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Tomorrow, the Smithsonian museums and# the National Zoo will close as they run## 02:36.222 --> 02:39.926 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% out of the unspent prior year funds# they've been using to keep the doors## 02:39.926 --> 02:44.464 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% open. The president's trying to increase# pressure on Democrats, saying he'll pick## 02:44.464 --> 02:50.803 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and choose which furloughed workers get back# pay and slash programs Democrats care about. 02:50.803 --> 02:56.809 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% The administration is also moving ahead with plans# for mass firings. On Friday, federal workers began## 02:56.809 --> 03:02.549 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% receiving notices telling them that they'll be# laid off in 60 days. The administration says that## 03:02.549 --> 03:09.589 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% more than 4,100 workers will be fired across seven# agencies, the moves being challenged in court. 03:09.589 --> 03:14.327 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Authorities say there are no survivors from# a blast that leveled an explosives plant in## 03:14.327 --> 03:19.832 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Tennessee, Friday. They say it's not clear yet# how many people died, though earlier they said## 03:19.832 --> 03:26.573 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% 18 people were missing. Actress and producer# Diane Keaton has died. PBS News has confirmed. 03:26.573 --> 03:31.211 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Over her long career, she won acclaim for# roles in films as varied as "The Godfather"## 03:31.211 --> 03:37.517 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and "Annie Hall," for which she won an# Academy award. Keaton was 79 years old. 03:37.517 --> 03:41.054 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% In the Middle East, there's relief# in both Israel and Gaza as the pause## 03:41.054 --> 03:45.291 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% in fighting appears to be holding# in Tel Aviv. Hagai Angrest eagerly## 03:45.291 --> 03:49.262 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% anticipates the return of his son,# kidnapped soldier Matan Angrest. 03:49.262 --> 03:51.998 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% HAGAI ANGREST, Father Of Hostage# Matan Angrest: We are very excited## 03:51.998 --> 03:58.972 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% waiting for our son and for all the# 48 hostages. Want to thank to -- many## 03:58.972 --> 04:08.948 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% thanks for President Trump. He did it# and all the American teams in Gaza. 04:08.948 --> 04:12.485 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% JOHN YANG: Palestinians stream# north on foot toward Gaza City.## 04:12.485 --> 04:17.290 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Their relief is tempered by the# magnitude of the destruction. 04:17.290 --> 04:19.993 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% AHMED AL-JABARI, Displaced Palestinian (through# translator: I'm happy that there is no blood,## 04:19.993 --> 04:25.765 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% no killing. People can sleep in calm and are# reassured. Now when the war is over, where will we## 04:25.765 --> 04:33.273 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% go? I am displaced in a government area building,# but we have to move from there. Where will we go? 04:33.273 --> 04:36.242 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG: As Israeli forces pull back in Gaza,## 04:36.242 --> 04:40.847 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% relief organizations prepare to# move in with desperately needed aid. 04:40.847 --> 04:45.351 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Before the cease fire took hold, foreign# affairs correspondent Nick Schifrin spoke## 04:45.351 --> 04:51.424 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% with Antoine Renard, the World Food Programme's# director for the Palestinian territories. 04:51.424 --> 04:54.160 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: We have seen# over the last two years,## 04:54.160 --> 04:58.398 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% since the October 7th terrorist# attack, enormous suffering in## 04:58.398 --> 05:04.971 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Gaza. From your perspective, how bad is the# suffering today compared to in the past? 05:04.971 --> 05:08.174 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ANTOINE RENARD, World Food Programme:# Today in Gaza city you have 400,000## 05:08.174 --> 05:14.781 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% people that are being cut off from the# rest of the Gaza Strip. We went with our## 05:14.781 --> 05:21.854 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% team actually to also ensure what were# the conditions out there on 22 August.## 05:21.854 --> 05:27.026 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% The famine conditions were actually# confirmed in the area of Gaza City. 05:27.026 --> 05:30.330 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And what we've managed to do over# the last month is actually to bring## 05:30.330 --> 05:35.435 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% more volume of assistance into Gaza and# the Gaza Strip. You have on an average,## 05:35.435 --> 05:40.573 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% you know, now two meals per day, while it# used to be one meal per day just, you know,## 05:41.107 --> 05:47.513 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% two months ago. But yet what was the area# that was most at risk? You have 400,000## 05:47.513 --> 05:52.385 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% people that are being trapped and there's# no more assistance that is reaching them. 05:52.385 --> 05:56.489 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: So explain that shift over# the last month. How many more trucks are## 05:56.489 --> 06:00.793 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% being allowed in and are they reaching# the people who needed the aid the most? 06:00.793 --> 06:05.832 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ANTOINE RENARD: The World Food Programme has been# working actually since end of July is to have at## 06:05.832 --> 06:11.838 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% least on an average 100 trucks at minimum per# day. Out of all the trucks that I've managed to## 06:11.838 --> 06:18.244 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% enter into Gaza over the last few weeks, WFP has# been doing practically a third of all of those. 06:18.244 --> 06:25.118 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% What we've managed to bring is more than 55,000# metric tons of food over the last two months.## 06:25.118 --> 06:30.089 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% To give you a reality of what it is, it's# a third of just the staple food that people## 06:30.089 --> 06:35.528 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% require in Gaza. But that is not enough# because you need also to have the proper## 06:35.528 --> 06:41.100 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% fresh food that is out here. People are not# just relying on canned food and wheat flour.## 06:41.100 --> 06:46.873 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% They require to have proper access to fruits,# to vegetables, to meats, to dairy products. 06:46.873 --> 06:52.245 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% So the reality is that we managed to bring a# bit more, but at the same time it is not enough.## 06:52.245 --> 06:59.185 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% In north Gaza, clearly the conditions,# famine conditions are still are out there.## 06:59.185 --> 07:05.758 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Since 12 September, we did not manage# to actually bring the food as were in## 07:05.758 --> 07:12.799 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the recent weeks. In central and south of Gaza,# you actually have more goods that are coming in. 07:12.799 --> 07:18.004 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% The problem that you have is that those that were# recently displaced, how are they going to afford## 07:18.004 --> 07:25.111 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% it just to go from Gaza City all the way down?# Some people actually have to borrow sometime## 07:25.111 --> 07:32.151 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% up to $1,000. You might have more food on the# market, you might have more capacity for people## 07:32.151 --> 07:39.192 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% to get the food there, but they can't afford it.# And that is the biggest challenge that we have. 07:39.192 --> 07:43.930 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: Can you give us a little bit more# detail on the people of Gaza City? Obviously,## 07:43.930 --> 07:48.401 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% we have been seeing images of people# who are struggling with malnutrition,## 07:48.401 --> 07:52.805 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% children who health authorities# say have died from famine,## 07:52.805 --> 07:57.743 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% from hunger. How does it compare# today to what you've seen in the past? 07:57.743 --> 08:02.982 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ANTOINE RENARD: I mean, I was in Gaza at# the end of July and beginning of August,## 08:03.583 --> 08:09.021 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% I went again to Gaza City meeting the# same families. They see the children## 08:09.021 --> 08:13.192 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% which actually don't want to be waked up# because they actually don't even know if## 08:13.192 --> 08:17.263 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% they're going to have a proper meal on a# daily basis. That's what you're telling me. 08:17.263 --> 08:22.568 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And they feel such a deja vu of these things# that have happened again and again. That's## 08:22.568 --> 08:29.041 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% why more than ever in Gaza City, we require the# assistance to reach the population and at scale. 08:29.041 --> 08:31.744 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: The people who# have gone down to Deir al Balah,## 08:31.744 --> 08:36.382 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% gone down to the south. How great are# the needs of the recently displaced## 08:36.382 --> 08:41.087 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% who have left Gaza City and how# much are you able to get to them? 08:41.087 --> 08:46.092 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ANTOINE RENARD: Well, one of the challenges that# you have every time that you are being displaced## 08:46.092 --> 08:52.064 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% is that you lose assets. You need potentially# to again find a tent, if there is any tent on## 08:52.064 --> 08:59.205 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the market, many of them actually worth more# than $1,200 just to find a simple shelter,## 08:59.205 --> 09:05.611 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% where to go, you need again to see where is the# queue for any of the hot meals that are out there,## 09:05.611 --> 09:12.385 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% where is the access to the water, where is the# medical area? So all of these people, again,## 09:12.385 --> 09:16.322 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% are struggling just to find the basics. NICK SCHIFRIN: And on the flip side,## 09:16.322 --> 09:19.025 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% are you ready to surge humanitarian assistance? 09:19.025 --> 09:22.395 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ANTOINE RENARD: The reality is that# we have all the food, being in Egypt,## 09:22.395 --> 09:27.934 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% being in Israel, being in Jordan, and we have all# the teams that are on the ground. As we speak,## 09:27.934 --> 09:33.372 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% we have more than 100 staff that are# actively reinstating bread in many areas,## 09:33.372 --> 09:39.045 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% reinstating nutrition, because people deserve# to actually have the bare minimum. We have## 09:39.045 --> 09:43.649 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% food out there for the next three months.# We are ready and we will make it happen. 09:43.649 --> 09:46.385 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: Antoine# Renard, thank you very much. 09:46.385 --> 09:48.621 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% ANTOINE RENARD: Thanks to you. 09:48.621 --> 09:52.725 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG: Still to come on PBS News Weekend,# the latest progress in the fight against## 09:52.725 --> 10:04.637 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% breast cancer and our weekend spotlight# on author and humanitarian Mitch Albom. 10:04.637 --> 10:13.245 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% (BREAK) 10:15.247 --> 10:19.518 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG: Every October for the past# 40 years, pink ribbons have sprouted as## 10:19.518 --> 10:24.223 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the symbol of Breast Cancer Awareness Month.# It's a good time to take stock of the latest## 10:24.223 --> 10:30.329 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% in breast cancer research and the experience of# patients. Ali Rogin spoke with Dr. Arif Kamal,## 10:30.329 --> 10:35.267 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the American Cancer Society's chief patient# officer and a Duke University Medical School## 10:35.267 --> 10:39.505 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% professor and Kristen Dahlgren,# a former NBC News correspondent## 10:39.505 --> 10:44.477 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% who's a breast cancer survivor and the# founder of the Cancer Vaccine Coalition. 10:44.477 --> 10:49.582 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ALI ROGIN: Thank you both so much for joining# me. Arif, I'd like to start with you. We have,## 10:49.582 --> 10:54.320 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% as a country been commemorating Breast# Cancer awareness month for 40 years now.## 10:54.320 --> 10:58.424 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% What are some of the major milestones you# see that we've achieved over that time? 10:58.424 --> 10:59.191 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ARIF KAMAL, Chief Patient Officer,# American Cancer Society: Yeah, 40 years## 10:59.191 --> 11:03.129 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% is pretty remarkable as we think .. 11:03.129 --> 11:06.732 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% really center around the number 40, actually,# for a lot of the great accomplishments. Breast## 11:06.732 --> 11:11.203 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% cancer mortality has reduced by over# 40 percent over that period of time. 11:11.203 --> 11:16.542 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% In addition, we've now reduced the age of which# we recommend starting mammograms now down to the## 11:16.542 --> 11:21.447 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% age of 40. In addition, we're starting to see# other areas of disparities and gaps closing## 11:21.447 --> 11:26.252 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% as well. Mammogram rates, for example, are at# all-time highs across multiple communities. Now,## 11:26.252 --> 11:30.956 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% we still got some room to grow, but a lot has# happened over, you know, a couple decades of time. 11:30.956 --> 11:32.725 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% ALI ROGIN: And to that point,# Arif, sticking with you,## 11:32.725 --> 11:35.361 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% where do some of the main challenges still remain? 11:35.361 --> 11:38.798 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ARIF KAMAL: You know, again, I'll stick to the# number 40 here for a minute. So black women,## 11:38.798 --> 11:43.035 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% for example, are 40 percent more likely# to die of breast cancer when matched## 11:43.035 --> 11:46.472 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% stage for stage with white women.# In addition, we're starting to see,## 11:46.472 --> 11:50.943 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% you know, some areas and pockets of# mammogram low rates across the country. 11:50.943 --> 11:53.446 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% In addition, we're starting to# see some of the experience be## 11:53.446 --> 11:55.915 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% varying across different populations. For example,## 11:55.915 --> 11:59.852 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% some data from the American Cancer Society# looked at loneliness and social isolation,## 11:59.852 --> 12:04.390 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and we found that breast cancer survivors# only reported about 40 percent of them having## 12:04.390 --> 12:09.762 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% adequate social support during the course of their# cancer treatment. So we've got some work to go. 12:09.762 --> 12:13.599 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ALI ROGIN: Kristen, you come at this from# so many interesting places yourself. You## 12:13.599 --> 12:18.070 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% were diagnosed with stage two breast# cancer in 2019, and following that,## 12:18.070 --> 12:24.076 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% you've committed your work to pursuing a# vaccine for breast cancer. What inspired## 12:24.076 --> 12:28.748 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% you to make this more than just your# own personal breast cancer journey? 12:28.748 --> 12:30.649 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% KRISTEN DAHLGREN, Founder, Cancer Vaccine# Coalition: I was a network correspondent## 12:30.649 --> 12:34.887 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and I was 47 when I was diagnosed.# You know, I went through my treatment,## 12:34.887 --> 12:42.328 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% but it wasn't easy. And as soon as I learned as# part of my reporting that there were breast and## 12:42.328 --> 12:48.801 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% other cancer vaccines in development, I was# blown away. And I didn't believe it at first. 12:48.801 --> 12:54.306 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Once I learned that these are not just# pie in the sky down the road treatments,## 12:54.306 --> 12:59.612 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% they actually are included clinical trials# and seeing incredible results, I had to do## 12:59.612 --> 13:05.751 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% something about it. So I decided to put together a# coalition of top doctors from around the country. 13:05.751 --> 13:10.156 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% We're bringing them together for some# collaborations. These research trials## 13:10.156 --> 13:14.960 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% take a lot of funding, so we're raising# money to help accelerate the process and## 13:14.960 --> 13:19.031 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% then we're out there talking about it# so that people know what's available. 13:19.031 --> 13:24.570 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% We don't have to do these treatments, you# know, that are were developed in the 1800s## 13:24.570 --> 13:30.075 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and in the mid-century. And, you know, there# really is this future down the road and it## 13:30.075 --> 13:36.882 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% could be closer if we get behind this idea that# our immune systems really can fight off cancer. 13:36.882 --> 13:39.518 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% ALI ROGIN: And speaking of that# research, Kristen, sticking with you,## 13:39.518 --> 13:45.291 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% how has that research, if at all been affected# by some of the cuts we're seeing from HHS,## 13:45.291 --> 13:49.662 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% particularly when it comes to things# like MRNA platforms for vaccines? 13:49.662 --> 13:53.999 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% KRISTEN DAHLGREN: Right. So, you know,# the head of NIH went on TV and said,## 13:53.999 --> 13:59.839 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% our concerns and what we're doing in the# MRNA space, cutting research does not## 13:59.839 --> 14:05.110 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% apply to cancer vaccines. Those are really# promising. We need to pursue that research. 14:05.110 --> 14:11.183 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Cancer is nonpartisan. It doesn't care which# way you vote. It impacts all of us. And so## 14:11.183 --> 14:16.722 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% while there have been funding cuts, I think if# the government gets better behind this type of## 14:16.722 --> 14:21.760 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% forward thinking in modern medicine,# we really could change things. And## 14:21.760 --> 14:27.766 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% so it's something that I'm really passionate# about, encouraging our government to do more## 14:27.766 --> 14:33.372 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and more research in this space because it# could be world changing for so many of us. 14:33.372 --> 14:39.278 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ALI ROGIN: And you both are thinking a lot and# doing a lot to address the patient experience.## 14:39.278 --> 14:44.650 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% So what would your message be to somebody who# has breast cancer on the mind right now? Either## 14:44.650 --> 14:50.055 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% because they're going through a diagnosis or they# are facing screening. Arif, let's start with you. 14:50.055 --> 14:53.425 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ARIF KAMAL: The reality is today, many# people, even with advanced disease,## 14:53.425 --> 14:58.464 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% don't require or need chemotherapy that# makes them lose their hair or stay in bed## 14:58.464 --> 15:01.834 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% for long periods of time. Oftentimes# now, the average person with cancer## 15:01.834 --> 15:06.472 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% is someone who may be next to you on# a train or maybe with you at work. 15:06.472 --> 15:10.075 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% As cancer becomes an experience for# many people that lasts now, you know,## 15:10.075 --> 15:15.681 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% over months and potentially even years, means we# have to continue to reform the oncology delivery## 15:15.681 --> 15:20.552 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% community to think about these journeys now# being measured over marathons instead of sprints. 15:20.552 --> 15:21.754 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ALI ROGIN: Kristen? 15:21.754 --> 15:25.824 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% KRISTEN DAHLGREN: Yeah, I like that because# this is, y.. 15:25.824 --> 15:31.597 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% these long lives ahead after a cancer# diagnosis. I know for me, I'm aware of## 15:31.597 --> 15:40.172 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% cancer every day and I think we need to look at# it year round as something that we're aware of. 15:40.172 --> 15:45.911 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% For me as a patient, I worry about recurrence and# it's why you know, getting additional treatments,## 15:45.911 --> 15:50.783 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% more interventions that could prevent# recurrence is so important. I also found## 15:50.783 --> 15:57.589 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% my own breast cancer. I had a mammogram in# May of 2019 and just four months later I## 15:57.589 --> 16:02.561 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% saw a dent in my breast and I insisted on more# screening. It turned out I had dense breasts. 16:02.561 --> 16:07.833 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% I didn't understand what that meant and that# I could have gotten more screening after that## 16:07.833 --> 16:14.006 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% initial mammogram because that if we can do# earlier detection and better screening and## 16:14.006 --> 16:21.280 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% then we can have more interventions and things# that make a better outcome as far as treatments,## 16:21.280 --> 16:27.820 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% we really could get this disease even more under# control than we have over the past 40 years. 16:27.820 --> 16:31.023 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% ALI ROGIN: Such important messages.# Dr. Arif Kamal and Kristin Dahlgren,## 16:31.023 --> 16:33.025 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% thank you so much. KRISTEN DAHLGREN: You bet. 16:33.025 --> 16:34.360 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% ARIF KAMAL: Thank you. 16:42.468 --> 16:47.439 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG: Finally tonight, a sports writer# turned author turned benefactor who puts love## 16:47.439 --> 16:54.279 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and hope at the center of nearly everything# he does in our weekend spotlight, Mitch Albom. 16:54.279 --> 16:57.349 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM, Author, "Twice": This is# the big that Hudson New Hudson building. 16:57.349 --> 16:58.650 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over): Spending the day with## 16:58.650 --> 17:02.621 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Mitch Albom in Detroit is# not a leisurely experience. 17:02.621 --> 17:04.456 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: We try to keep everything happy. 17:04.456 --> 17:06.158 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over): At# Detroit Water Ice Factory,## 17:06.158 --> 17:10.396 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the nonprofit dessert store he started# to help fund his humanitarian work,## 17:10.396 --> 17:19.271 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% he whips up a Motown twist with his namesake# Mr. Mitch's chocolate peanut butter. 17:19.271 --> 17:23.909 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Then a stop at say, Detroit Play,# a one-time abandoned city rec## 17:23.909 --> 17:27.913 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% center that Albom transformed into a# multimillion dollar learning center## 17:27.913 --> 17:33.352 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% for hundreds of school students# where academics come before play. 17:33.352 --> 17:37.923 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: We're not going to build something# that's good enough for a poor neighborhood in## 17:37.923 --> 17:41.827 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Detroit. We're going to build something that's# good enough for the best neighborhood in all of## 17:41.827 --> 17:47.132 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Michigan. If you deliver high expectations, you'll# get high performances. If you come in with low## 17:47.132 --> 17:50.636 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% expectations, oh, this is good enough. That's# exactly the performances you're going to get. 17:50.636 --> 17:54.406 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And all I did was kind of, you know,# kind of get it going, you know,## 17:54.406 --> 18:07.319 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% but they take the ball and run with it and# it's, you can see it's a lot of joy there. 18:07.319 --> 18:10.155 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over): While there, the# one-time professional musician shows us## 18:10.155 --> 18:17.930 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% his talents on the piano. He's never had a lesson. 18:17.930 --> 18:21.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: Got to know your Flintstones. 18:21.900 --> 18:24.703 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over): In between stops,# he takes a call from the orphanage he's## 18:24.703 --> 18:28.874 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% run in Haiti since after the# devastating 2010 earthquake. 18:28.874 --> 18:33.011 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: This is actually# my second time around in life. 18:33.011 --> 18:36.782 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG: All of that is before or# two hours behind a microphone for his## 18:36.782 --> 18:40.319 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% long running daily afternoon# radio show on Detroit station## 18:40.319 --> 18:45.757 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% WJR. And after the three hours every# morning that he devotes to writing. 18:45.757 --> 18:52.731 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Albom's books have sold 42 million copies. His# latest, a novel entitled "Twice," was published## 18:52.731 --> 18:58.637 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% this week. It's about a boy who can go into the# past in order to have a second chance at things,## 18:58.637 --> 19:04.243 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% except when it comes to love. So your protagonist,# Alfie Logan from Philadelphia, you're a Philly## 19:04.243 --> 19:09.581 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% boy. You started out as a musician, turned# to writing. Are there other similarities? 19:09.581 --> 19:15.053 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: Yes. Most of Alfie's screw ups# with girls were based on personal experience.## 19:16.221 --> 19:19.591 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And Alfie has the power to# go back in time, redo things. 19:19.591 --> 19:23.595 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: So there's a scene in# the book where he goes up to this## 19:23.595 --> 19:28.467 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% cute blonde girl who he kind of has a crush# on, and he starts talking with his hands and## 19:28.467 --> 19:32.638 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% hits a glass of milk and knocks it into# her lap. And she looks up with that, oh,## 19:32.638 --> 19:39.344 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% my God. And he just says, look at that, and walks# away. And that is exactly what happened to me. 19:39.344 --> 19:45.684 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% If you want to write about a teenager with# embarrassing moments in his romantic life and## 19:45.684 --> 19:51.123 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% you already have them in your own life, why not# use them? Why make up something else if they work? 19:51.123 --> 19:53.192 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG: Tell us how he discovers he's got this. 19:53.192 --> 19:58.730 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: Yeah, they're living in Africa. And# he is supposed to sit with his mother, who's sick,## 19:58.730 --> 20:04.303 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and she's in one of those mosquito netting beds.# And he goes and sees that she's sleeping and his## 20:04.303 --> 20:07.906 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% father's out, and he says, well, she's sleeping.# I'll just go out and play. And he realizes his## 20:07.906 --> 20:13.845 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% mother died while he was out. And he's so upset# by this that when he wakes up the next morning,## 20:13.845 --> 20:18.884 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% it's the day before, and his father says, go sit# with your mother. And he goes, what do you mean,## 20:18.884 --> 20:23.822 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% go sit with your mother? And he walks in and# she's there again, and it's replaying all over. 20:23.822 --> 20:31.930 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% But it was a very poignant scene for me because# my mother had a stroke and then a series of## 20:31.930 --> 20:37.970 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% strokes that robbed her of the ability to speak# for the last several years of her life. And## 20:38.804 --> 20:43.275 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% so I never had that last conversation with her# because I didn't know the stroke was coming. 20:43.275 --> 20:50.649 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And then I had gone out to see her and# I flew back home. And when I landed,## 20:50.649 --> 20:57.422 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% I got a phone call that she had died while# I was in the air. And there's a line in the## 20:57.422 --> 21:03.595 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% book that says Alfie, who was running# around with a cape, a Superman cape on,## 21:04.129 --> 21:11.503 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% just jumping up and down. And he says, my mother# died while I was trying to fly. And I don't think## 21:11.503 --> 21:16.708 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% most people will know him, maybe I'm telling# you, but my mother died while I was flying. 21:16.708 --> 21:24.983 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And so, yeah, that scene kind of choked me up a# little bit. Set the stage for the book, though. 21:24.983 --> 21:29.187 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over): It was as a Detroit# Free Press sports columnist in the 1980s that## 21:29.187 --> 21:34.393 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Albom first gained prominence.# His 1997 worldwide bestseller,## 21:34.393 --> 21:39.598 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% "Tuesdays with Morrie," brought broader# recognition. An account of his weekly visits## 21:39.598 --> 21:45.837 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% with a beloved former professor who was dying.# It's one of the bestselling memoirs of all time. 21:45.837 --> 21:49.274 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: I just start with what I want# to write about and then I create a story## 21:49.274 --> 21:53.612 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% around it. So, for example, the five people you# meet in heaven, people have always thought, oh,## 21:53.612 --> 21:56.715 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% you want to write about heaven after# Morrie. And that wasn't really true.## 21:56.715 --> 22:00.952 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I wanted to write a story about# people who think they don't matter. 22:00.952 --> 22:05.757 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% So I kind of picked themes before I start.# And theme for this one was the "Grass is## 22:05.757 --> 22:09.761 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Always Greener." And I wanted to write a book# that showed that even if you had the ability,## 22:09.761 --> 22:15.967 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the magical ability to go back in time and change# it, you might find a whole new set of problems,## 22:15.967 --> 22:21.340 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and you might find that you miss what you# learned from what you thought was a mistake. 22:21.340 --> 22:23.342 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over):# While not all love stories,## 22:23.342 --> 22:27.679 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% many of Albom's books have lessons# about love, hope, and optimism. 22:27.679 --> 22:31.450 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG: So many of my friends I# told I was coming to do this said,## 22:31.450 --> 22:36.321 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% what they love about your books is the sense of# hope and optimism that runs through all of them. 22:36.321 --> 22:36.855 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: Yeah. 22:36.855 --> 22:40.125 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG: In Americ.. 22:40.892 --> 22:46.231 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% so much -- so many troubles, is it# hard to keep that hope and optimism? 22:46.231 --> 22:50.469 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: No, I actually find it's more# necessary and it's somewhat easier because## 22:50.469 --> 22:56.174 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% it's almost a counter to what's going on. I# think that everybody wants hope and everybody## 22:56.174 --> 23:01.680 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% wants inspiration. When people take out their# wallets, they pull out a picture of their## 23:01.680 --> 23:06.385 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% grandson or their child or whatever. They don't# pull out a picture of their woe or their misery## 23:06.385 --> 23:13.425 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% or how awful life is. Here, let me show you how# awful, how dark life is. They aspire to hope. 23:13.425 --> 23:17.429 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over): Since 2010, Albom has# been giving hope to hundreds of impoverished## 23:17.429 --> 23:22.868 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% orphans in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. He and# an army of volunteers rebuilt an orphanage## 23:22.868 --> 23:27.506 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% heavily damaged by the earthquake.# He spends a week there every month. 23:27.506 --> 23:31.042 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: I did not know what I was# doing. I'll admit that at the beginning,## 23:31.042 --> 23:36.081 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% I didn't have children of my own. I# didn't even know diaper changing or## 23:36.081 --> 23:40.786 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% a lot of that stuff. But I learned it.# And the kids are the absolute joys of## 23:40.786 --> 23:46.291 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% our lives and the purpose for myself and my# wife. I'm sure that were put on this earth. 23:46.291 --> 23:51.363 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JOHN YANG (voice-over): Albom and his wife# of 30 years, Jeanine, became parents to two## 23:51.363 --> 23:58.136 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% children from Haiti. Just one instance when# he says he's been given a second chance. 23:58.136 --> 24:05.744 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% MITCH ALBOM: So there's more to this than just# a love story in a novel. I have come to realize## 24:05.744 --> 24:14.252 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% that my life has been the embodiment of second# chances. If you look at it from 30,000 feet,## 24:14.252 --> 24:19.357 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% you know, I was a musician, and# I thought, that's all I want to## 24:19.357 --> 24:25.197 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% do. And I failed at it. And I kind of took up# writing because there was nothing else to do. 24:25.197 --> 24:31.670 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% But look at what writing has given me. We don't# have children. We get married late. Doesn't happen## 24:31.670 --> 24:36.641 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% for us. We figure out we're not going to -- we're# going to be a couple that doesn't have children.## 24:36.641 --> 24:41.913 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And then this little. Then an orphanage comes into# our lives. And then this little girl named Chica## 24:41.913 --> 24:46.251 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% needs our help because she has a brain tumor, and# she becomes our daughter for two years. And then## 24:46.251 --> 24:53.124 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% we lose her. And we figure, oh, my goodness, you# know, that was our chance. That was our child. 24:53.124 --> 24:58.630 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And then a few years ago, a little girl is# brought to us who weighs six pounds at six## 24:58.630 --> 25:02.634 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% months and has had nothing to eat but# sugar water. And I hold her in my hand,## 25:02.634 --> 25:11.109 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and she fits in one hand and her eyes are closed# and she can't speak and she can barely move. We## 25:11.109 --> 25:15.780 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% don't think. We just say, well, we have to# save her life. She's our little girl. And## 25:17.115 --> 25:22.487 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% we have the second chance with another# beautiful little child full of life. 25:24.389 --> 25:31.663 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% What did I do to deserve all these second# chances? Who's watching over me that's saying,## 25:31.663 --> 25:38.136 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% you're on this way, but we're going to take you# this way. So this is kind of a celebration of## 25:39.371 --> 25:45.210 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% what life can be like if you understand# what went wrong with the first time## 25:45.210 --> 25:59.291 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% and you try to make it right the second# time. And I am a walking example of that. 25:59.291 --> 26:01.593 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JOHN YANG: And that is PBS News Weekend for this## 26:01.593 --> 26:06.531 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Saturday. I'm John Yang. Thanks# for joining us. See you tomorrow.