WEBVTT 00:04.400 --> 00:05.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: Good evening. I'm Geoff Bennett. 00:05.800 --> 00:07.033 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: And I'm Amna Nawaz. 00:07.033 --> 00:09.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% On the "News Hour" tonight: Israel 00:09.333 --> 00:14.333 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% urges Palestinians to leave Gaza City as it ramps up airstrikes and ground operations. 00:16.300 --> 00:18.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: An ICE raid at a Hyundai plant in Georgia illustrates the Trump 00:18.933 --> 00:22.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% administration's increasing focus on businesses that employ immigrants. 00:22.633 --> 00:26.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: And we report from the coast of Maine on seabirds that are struggling 00:26.933 --> 00:31.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% to survive in a rapidly warming climate and how scientists are working to help them. 00:33.866 --> 00:36.166 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% STEVE KRESS, Audubon Seabird Institute: Take away the people, and we lose these 00:36.166 --> 00:41.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% species. We are the cause of the problem. We need to be the cause of the solution. 00:41.633 --> 00:46.300 align:left position:40% line:89% size:50% (BREAK) 02:33.600 --> 02:35.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: Welcome to the "News Hour." 02:35.400 --> 02:39.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Tonight, there is war and violence from Gaza to the West Bank, after 02:39.100 --> 02:43.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% a terrorist attack killed six Israelis and wounded more than 20 at a bus stop 02:43.600 --> 02:48.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% in Jerusalem. Israel has now raided the West Bank town where it says the gunmen came from. 02:50.400 --> 02:52.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% GEOFF BENNETT: At the same time, Israel's military is assaulting Gaza City, 02:52.666 --> 02:57.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% destroying high-rise buildings, as the U.S. gives Hamas an ultimatum: Take a new cease-fire 02:59.966 --> 03:03.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% deal that's on the table or Israel will proceed with its plans to take over Gaza's largest city. 03:04.100 --> 03:07.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Nick Schifrin has our story. 03:07.900 --> 03:12.900 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% NICK SCHIFRIN: Today, in the Holy City, terror. During the morning rush hour at a busy bus stop, 03:14.933 --> 03:18.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Jerusalem commuters ran from the sound of bullets. Two gunmen that Israel identified as 03:21.133 --> 03:24.333 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% Palestinians from the West Bank shot into a busy bus after the driver refused to let them board. 03:26.433 --> 03:29.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% OHEVYA SHARABI, Medic (through translator): We saw people lying on the ground, people bleeding, 03:29.033 --> 03:34.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% people in panic running in every direction. It was a very, very difficult event. 03:35.900 --> 03:38.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: Hamas prays the attack. Israel says more than 20 were wounded, 03:38.700 --> 03:43.700 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% six killed, including a rabbi, laid to rest as loved ones mourned. 03:46.300 --> 03:50.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Israeli troops quickly shut down the West Bank area outside Jerusalem where it said 03:50.233 --> 03:54.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% the attackers lived and raided one of their homes. Israeli Prime Minister 03:54.666 --> 03:58.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Benjamin Netanyahu visited the attacked bus and vowed to pursue what he called 03:58.733 --> 04:03.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% West Bank terrorist nests and at the same time take over Gaza City. 04:05.966 --> 04:08.133 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% BENJAMIN NETANYAHU, Israeli Prime Minister (through translator): I'm taking this opportunity 04:08.133 --> 04:11.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% to say to the residents of Gaza, listen to me carefully. You have been warned. Get out of there. 04:14.300 --> 04:16.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: There's not much warning in Gaza these days, 04:16.933 --> 04:20.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% about nine seconds between an initial airstrike on a high-rise that Israel 04:20.933 --> 04:25.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% claims is being used by Hamas and a second airstrike designed to demolish. 04:28.400 --> 04:33.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Israel says it has now destroyed 50 high-rises, including two today. The damage on the ground 04:38.000 --> 04:43.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% is devastating and widespread. This is Gaza's largest city. And among the ruins, 04:45.100 --> 04:50.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% there is shock. This family had been sheltering in a tent next to the tower that is now rubble. 04:53.100 --> 04:58.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Ali Al-Qassas says he everyone else here had less than a 10-minute warning. 05:00.066 --> 05:02.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% ALI AL-QASSAS, Displaced Gazan (through translator): Here are our women. Look, 05:02.200 --> 05:06.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% where are they going to go? Where will they go? Here are their tents. These children, 05:08.133 --> 05:10.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% what fault do they have in this? 05:10.766 --> 05:15.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% NICK SCHIFRIN: It is a new phase in this war, destroying Gaza City's most visible buildings, 05:17.666 --> 05:21.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% terrifying even for a population for whom airstrikes have become all too common and 05:23.800 --> 05:27.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% deadly. Health authorities say today's Israeli airstrikes killed more than 50 05:27.600 --> 05:32.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Palestinians, the youngest only 2 years old. 05:32.400 --> 05:36.700 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% And Israel's threats to take over Gaza City have sparked a daily dilemma for 05:36.700 --> 05:41.700 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% everyone sheltering here: Do we stay or do we go again? Some refuse, despite the Israeli leaflets 05:44.466 --> 05:49.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% that look like birds, but carry ominous warnings, which neighborhood to evacuate. 05:51.233 --> 05:54.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Others feel there is no choice, even if they're at a loss for where to go. 05:56.900 --> 05:59.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% SHIREEN AL-LADA, Displaced Gazan (through translator): Every time we move to a place, 05:59.066 --> 06:02.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% we get displaced. Every time we go to an area, they attack. Every time we go somewhere, 06:05.066 --> 06:09.933 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% they ask us to leave. There's no safe place in Gaza. I am compelled to repeat this experience. 06:12.700 --> 06:15.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% NICK SCHIFRIN: Israel and the U.S. say this moment is not a repeat, 06:15.666 --> 06:19.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% but what President Trump called this weekend a last warning, 06:19.200 --> 06:24.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% a new cease-fire offer for Hamas to release all Israeli hostages, including living and dead, 06:26.200 --> 06:29.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and then negotiate an end of the war during a 60-day cease-fire. Israel's in support. 06:31.700 --> 06:34.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% The Hamas official tonight called it a -- quote -- "shameful surrender," suggesting 06:34.700 --> 06:39.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the war will go on and Israel will proceed with its threat to take over Gaza City. 06:40.866 --> 06:45.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% For the "PBS News Hour," I'm Nick Schifrin. 06:54.000 --> 06:58.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: In the day's other headlines: House Democrats released a letter today that Donald 06:58.233 --> 07:03.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Trump allegedly sent to Jeffrey Epstein for a 2003 birthday book for the later convicted 07:05.566 --> 07:09.400 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% sex offender. The Epstein estate provided the letter to lawmakers, which they posted online. 07:11.500 --> 07:14.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% It depicts a woman's body with the name "Donald" signed at the bottom. Deputy White House Chief 07:16.733 --> 07:19.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% of Staff Taylor Budowich responded online that that is not the president's signature. 07:19.666 --> 07:24.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Trump himself has previously denied writing any such letter and filed a 07:24.233 --> 07:29.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% $10 billion lawsuit against The Wall Street Journal for defamation, saying the letter is fake. 07:30.700 --> 07:33.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% The posting of the letter today comes amid a bipartisan push in 07:33.033 --> 07:37.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Congress for the release of further files on Epstein, who killed himself in prison in 07:37.900 --> 07:42.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% 2019 while awaiting trial. The president has not been accused of any misconduct. 07:44.800 --> 07:48.633 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% The Trump administration is asking the Supreme Court to keep nearly $5 billion 07:48.633 --> 07:52.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% in foreign aid frozen. Today's emergency application comes after 07:52.933 --> 07:57.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% President Trump last month used a rare maneuver called a pocket rescission to 07:57.666 --> 08:02.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% essentially bypass Congress in holding up the funds. Last week, U.S. District Judge 08:02.300 --> 08:07.300 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Ali Amir found that action was likely illegal and ordered the administration's to spend the money. 08:08.733 --> 08:11.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% In today's filing, Solicitor General D. John Sauer said 08:11.900 --> 08:16.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% that ruling -- quote -- "raises a grave and urgent threat to the separation of powers." 08:19.100 --> 08:22.833 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% A federal appeals court upheld a ruling today that ordered President Trump to pay $83 million 08:25.133 --> 08:29.233 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% to writer E. Jean Carroll for defaming her. The three-judge panel in New York was unanimous in 08:31.300 --> 08:34.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% rejecting Trump's argument that he deserved presidential immunity from Carroll's lawsuit. 08:36.566 --> 08:39.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% The case stems from Trump's repeated social media attacks against Carroll 08:39.100 --> 08:44.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% after she accused him of sexual assault in a Bergdorf Goodman dressing room back in 1996. 08:45.833 --> 08:49.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% The president has also been found liable for sexually abusing Carroll 08:49.100 --> 08:54.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% in a separate trial that was also upheld on appeal late last year. 08:55.600 --> 08:57.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% The prime minister of France lost a confidence vote today, 08:57.833 --> 09:02.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% toppling his minority government and deepening a political crisis for a major U.S. ally. 09:07.500 --> 09:12.500 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Lawmakers overwhelmingly ousted Francois Bayrou after just nine months in office. 09:14.833 --> 09:18.100 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% The centrist had faced backlash for his plans to tackle the nation's ballooning national debt. 09:19.600 --> 09:23.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% In Paris, residents say they are worried about the future. 09:25.466 --> 09:26.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% CATHERINE, Paris Resident (through translator): When you listened to the 09:26.733 --> 09:29.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% party leaders talk about it, it was predictable, 09:29.266 --> 09:34.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% now his resignation. Who to replace him? Everything is going to hell in France. 09:34.200 --> 09:37.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Bayrou is expected to hand in his resignation to President Emmanuel 09:37.733 --> 09:41.600 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Macron tomorrow. The French leader has vowed to name a replacement in 09:41.600 --> 09:46.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the coming days. Macron will be seeking a fourth prime minister in just a year as he 09:48.366 --> 09:51.733 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% seeks to find stability and support in a fractured political landscape. 09:51.733 --> 09:55.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% In Ukraine today, officials called Russia's massive aerial attack this 09:55.900 --> 10:00.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% weekend a -- quote -- "clear signal that Russia does not want peace." Prime Minister Yulia 10:02.666 --> 10:05.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Svyrydenko says Russia is mocking diplomatic efforts. This comes as 10:05.833 --> 10:10.833 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% Ukraine released images of around 60 foreign diplomats visiting damaged offices in Kyiv. 10:12.733 --> 10:16.900 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% This was the first time Ukraine's main government building was hit in the war. 10:21.333 --> 10:25.033 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% The attack was the largest since Russia's full-scale invasion more 10:25.033 --> 10:30.033 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% than three years ago. At least four people were killed. Meanwhile, in Washington today, 10:32.166 --> 10:35.066 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% European and U.S. officials met to discuss possible new sanctions on Russia. If approved, 10:37.166 --> 10:40.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% they'd be the first coordinated measures against Russia since Trump returned to office. 10:42.600 --> 10:46.433 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% In Nepal, police opened fire on protesters today, killing at least 17 people. 10:51.533 --> 10:56.266 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% Tens of thousands were demonstrating against a government ban on social media platforms 10:56.266 --> 11:01.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% like Facebook and YouTube that took effect last week. The unrest escalated quickly, 11:03.066 --> 11:06.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% with protesters hurling rocks and police using water cannons on the crowds. 11:06.233 --> 11:09.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Officials say some 145 people were wounded, 11:09.500 --> 11:14.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% including 28 police officers. Protesters say the ban violates their rights. 11:16.166 --> 11:17.600 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% SAMUNDRA POKHAREL, Protester: It is against our freedom of speech, 11:17.600 --> 11:20.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and they want to control us just like a dictator. 11:20.600 --> 11:24.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: Authorities say the ban was enforced after social media companies 11:24.000 --> 11:28.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% failed to register and submit to increased government oversight. Critics say such 11:28.633 --> 11:33.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% actions could be used to crack down on press freedoms and punish government opponents. 11:35.700 --> 11:38.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Back in this country, the family of media mogul Rupert Murdoch has settled a long-running 11:38.700 --> 11:43.700 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% dispute over control of his empire. Murdoch's son Lachlan will take over assets, including FOX News, 11:45.766 --> 11:49.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% The Wall Street Journal, and others, for years to come. Under the terms of the deal, 11:49.766 --> 11:54.733 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% as first reported by The New York Times, Lachlan's three eldest siblings will each get $1.1 billion. 11:56.966 --> 12:01.400 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% The deal puts to rest years of legal wrangling over the financial and political future of the 12:03.166 --> 12:05.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% media company, which has long espoused conservative viewpoints. The board of 12:05.833 --> 12:10.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% News Corp put out a statement saying it - - quote -- "welcomes these developers." 12:10.300 --> 12:14.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% On Wall Street today, stocks inched higher to start the week. The Dow 12:14.000 --> 12:18.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Jones industrial average added more than 100 points. The Nasdaq also rose nearly 12:18.400 --> 12:23.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% 100 points on the day. The S&P 500 closed just below its all-time high. 12:25.466 --> 12:29.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And Rick Davies has died. As a founding member of the British rock group Supertramp, 12:30.966 --> 12:34.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% he was the voice and piano player behind some of the band's most iconic songs. 12:34.733 --> 12:39.733 align:left position:40% line:89% size:50% (MUSIC) 12:43.100 --> 12:48.100 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: In hits like "Goodbye Stranger," Davies mixed a wispy falsetto with a snarling baritone 12:50.333 --> 12:54.100 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% all powered by his signature Wurlitzer piano. Alongside co-founder and vocalist Roger Hodgson, 12:56.266 --> 13:00.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Davies helped anchor many other hits, like "Take the Long Way Home" and "Give a Little Bit." 13:02.466 --> 13:05.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Rick Davies died this weekend in New York after a long battle with multiple myeloma, 13:05.733 --> 13:09.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% a form of blood cancer. He was 81 years old. 13:09.200 --> 13:14.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Still to come on the "News Hour": the Supreme Court rules sweeping immigration raids can 13:16.500 --> 13:19.933 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% continue in Los Angeles; Florida pushes ahead on its plan to end some vaccine mandates for schools; 13:22.133 --> 13:26.600 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% and Tamara Keith and Amy Walter break down the latest political headlines. 13:43.433 --> 13:46.533 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: The U.S. Supreme Court ruled today that sweeping immigration 13:46.533 --> 13:50.800 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% raids in California can continue, lifting a lower court ruling that 13:50.800 --> 13:55.366 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% barred arrests without suspicion by Immigration and Customs Enforcement. 13:55.366 --> 14:00.400 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% It follows a raid on Friday at a car manufacturing plant in Georgia that led to nearly 500 arrests. 14:01.700 --> 14:03.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: That raid by ICE at a Hyundai facility 14:03.900 --> 14:08.700 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% in Georgia marked the largest single site raid this country has ever seen. 14:08.700 --> 14:11.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Let's start there with Jasmine Garsd of NPR. 14:11.666 --> 14:13.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Great to see you. Thanks for being here. 14:13.000 --> 14:14.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% JASMINE GARSD, NPR: Thank you for having me. 14:14.866 --> 14:16.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: So let's start with that Georgia raid. What do we know about 14:16.766 --> 14:20.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% who was taken into custody in that raid and what their legal status is? 14:20.766 --> 14:25.766 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JASMINE GARSD: Absolutely. So we know it is close to 500 workers, most of them South Korean. DHS officials have said that 14:32.066 --> 14:37.066 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% it's a mixed bag when it comes to their status. Some people crossed the border illegally, other 14:39.333 --> 14:42.666 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% people overstayed visas. Other people had visas that didn't allow them to work legally in the U.S. 14:45.500 --> 14:49.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And we know that there have been discussions with the South Korean government for about 14:50.933 --> 14:53.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% 300 of the workers to be chartered back. 14:53.900 --> 14:57.266 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: We did ask DHS about the raid. They said in a statement to us that they're 14:57.266 --> 15:01.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% looking into allegations of what they said are unlawful employment practices. 15:01.100 --> 15:04.800 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% They also said, in part: "The operation underscores our commitment to protecting 15:04.800 --> 15:09.733 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% jobs for Georgians, ensuring a level playing field for businesses that comply with the law, 15:09.733 --> 15:14.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% safeguarding the integrity of our economy, and protecting workers from exploitation." 15:14.233 --> 15:19.233 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% So, Jasmine, say a little bit more about what laws specifically they're saying were broken here. 15:20.066 --> 15:22.233 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% JASMINE GARSD: Absolutely. 15:22.233 --> 15:24.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I mean, they're saying that this is about working without legal papers, without authorization to 15:27.100 --> 15:30.266 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% work. And what I think is really interesting is, this is where President Donald Trump -- there's 15:32.400 --> 15:36.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% these two competing movements for him, right? On the one hand, he is trying very hard to get 15:38.200 --> 15:43.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% foreign investment into the U.S. He has been working on this relationship with South Korea. 15:44.866 --> 15:47.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And on the other hand, he has this agenda of mass 15:47.600 --> 15:51.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% deportation. And this is kind of where the two are colliding. 15:51.166 --> 15:55.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: But it's worth pointing out raids like this, large-scale workplace raids, 15:55.900 --> 15:59.333 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% are not as common under the Trump administration. It's not a big part 15:59.333 --> 16:03.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% of the agenda. Does this mean we're going to see more of these or is this an outlier? 16:03.733 --> 16:07.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% JASMINE GARSD: I mean, it's very interesting to me that this happened in Georgia, in a red 16:07.333 --> 16:12.333 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% state. There was, the same day that this happened, another raid in Upstate New York at a food plant 16:14.633 --> 16:19.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% where some 40 workers were also arrested. That got overshadowed by what happened in Georgia. 16:21.700 --> 16:26.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% You're right. We haven't seen it. The Trump administration has said that they want to 16:28.400 --> 16:31.533 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% go after employers who employ undocumented or unauthorized labor, but this is really the first 16:33.633 --> 16:37.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% time we see that under the Trump administration. We will have to see if it's a pattern. 16:39.866 --> 16:41.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: I want to ask you too about some of the reporting you have been doing on the 16:41.766 --> 16:46.066 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% ground in Florida about the so-called Alligator Alcatraz ICE detention center 16:46.066 --> 16:50.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% there. We know a judge had ordered that it be shut down because environmental groups 16:50.066 --> 16:53.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% were suing. That was then overturned, so they're still allowed to operate. 16:53.500 --> 16:57.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% What did you find in your reporting about what's going on inside that facility? 16:57.333 --> 16:59.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% JASMINE GARSD: Absolutely horrific conditions. 16:59.666 --> 17:04.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% I spoke to lawyers. I spoke to family members of people who were detained in 17:06.800 --> 17:10.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% there. I even physically went to the outsides. You can't go in, but the outsides of Alligator 17:12.500 --> 17:16.266 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Alcatraz. And just being out there, I was at a protest where almost immediately one protester 17:18.633 --> 17:23.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% passed out from the heat. I was out for 15 minutes and I was just drenched in sweat. 17:25.700 --> 17:28.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And I'm telling you that because I have been talking to lawyers and family members who are 17:28.300 --> 17:33.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% talking about electricity going in and out, and so not enough air conditioning, 17:35.400 --> 17:38.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% a lack of water, water having to be brought in, widespread vermin, infectious disease. 17:43.033 --> 17:48.033 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Lawyers throughout this process have talked to me about infectious diseases like skin 17:49.933 --> 17:53.700 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% diseases and respiratory diseases that really breed in that kind of environment. 17:55.800 --> 17:58.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: We know that stays open for now, but that court process continues to unfold. 17:58.000 --> 18:00.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Meanwhile, there's news today from the Supreme Court I have to ask you about, 18:00.933 --> 18:03.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% which was the lifting of restrictions on ICE 18:03.500 --> 18:07.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% agents carrying out raids in Los Angeles. What kind of impact is that going to have? 18:07.900 --> 18:12.900 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% JASMINE GARSD: I mean, listen, what we're seeing is these quotas, right? It's been said that the 18:15.033 --> 18:20.033 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% government is aiming for 3,000 daily arrests, a million deportations in the first year. 18:22.433 --> 18:26.600 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% And the numbers we're seeing in detention right now, it consistently hovers around 70 percent of 18:30.533 --> 18:35.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% immigrants in immigration detention right now have no criminal conviction. 18:36.900 --> 18:40.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% And so the question is, how are these people being selected? How are they 18:40.233 --> 18:45.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% being picked up? And there are so many accusations that it's racial profiling. 18:47.900 --> 18:52.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I think we're going to have to keep seeing what happens here on the ground, but, again, 18:55.200 --> 18:59.466 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% 70 percent of people in detention, in immigration detention, do not have a criminal conviction. 19:01.500 --> 19:02.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: That's a striking number. I know you will continue to report on this. 19:02.933 --> 19:05.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Jasmine Garsd of NPR, thank you so much. 19:05.566 --> 19:07.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% JASMINE GARSD: Thanks for having me. 19:07.966 --> 19:11.333 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: Now, for a legal perspective on those new developments regarding President Trump's 19:11.333 --> 19:16.333 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% immigration agenda, we turn to William Banks, professor emeritus of law at Syracuse University. 19:17.200 --> 19:19.500 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Thank you for being with us. 19:19.500 --> 19:22.800 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And, as we have reported, the Supreme Court today lifted restrictions on immigration stops 19:22.800 --> 19:27.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% in the Los Angeles area, at least while this case plays out in the appeals court. 19:29.500 --> 19:32.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Lower court rulings found evidence that the raids swept up people 19:32.000 --> 19:37.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% simply for looking Latino or for speaking Spanish, raising Fourth Amendment concerns. 19:38.466 --> 19:41.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% How should we understand the court's ruling in light of that? 19:41.033 --> 19:43.200 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% WILLIAM BANKS, Professor Emeritus, Syracuse University College of Law: The most important 19:43.200 --> 19:47.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% thing to understand about what the Supreme Court has done today is that it's only temporary. 19:49.200 --> 19:53.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% They paused the lower courts while a hearing on the merit can be held. So whether the ICE 19:58.000 --> 20:03.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% immigration stops are based on a proven or unproven assertion of focusing on ethnicity 20:08.233 --> 20:13.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% or race has to be determined finally after there's been evidence submitted on a record. 20:15.466 --> 20:19.866 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% So all the Supreme Court did today is that they're allowing the government to go forward with their 20:21.966 --> 20:25.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% immigration enforcement methods as they propose them at least while the litigation is pending. 20:28.300 --> 20:33.300 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% This case is by far, far from any means over. There'll be arguments on the merits about the 20:35.433 --> 20:39.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Fourth Amendment, about the due process clause and perhaps even about the First Amendment. 20:40.766 --> 20:42.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% GEOFF BENNETT: Well, on that point, 20:42.733 --> 20:46.266 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% how do immigration stops based on race, language or appearance square with the 20:48.100 --> 20:51.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Fourth Amendment protection against unreasonable search and seizure? 20:51.600 --> 20:55.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% WILLIAM BANKS: Justice Kavanaugh is the only justice to write a 20:55.066 --> 20:59.600 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% concurring opinion from among those in the majority today. It was 6-3. 21:01.600 --> 21:05.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And Justice Kavanaugh said that his view was that the potential for ethnicity or race to 21:07.900 --> 21:12.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% be a factor in the immigration enforcement was one factor among many. And if it's one 21:15.200 --> 21:20.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% factor among many that the government used to detain or stop or question an individual, 21:22.300 --> 21:27.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% that's not sufficient cause to enjoin or stop that aspect of the practice. 21:29.433 --> 21:34.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% It's one among many. So, often in policing, members of the law enforcement may utilize 21:37.333 --> 21:42.333 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% various individual characteristics like race or ethnicity or gender or anything, 21:45.533 --> 21:50.500 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% lifestyle, physical appearance, to question briefly someone on the street, 21:52.566 --> 21:57.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% so long as it doesn't effectuate an arrest, that person's liberty has not been taken, 21:59.333 --> 22:03.533 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% and the inconvenience of a temporary stop or a temporary detention, 22:05.933 --> 22:10.433 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% said Justice Kavanaugh anyway, should not stand in the way of the government going about its mission. 22:12.600 --> 22:14.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% GEOFF BENNETT: Meantime, the Trump administration said today 22:14.566 --> 22:19.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% it started an immigration crackdown in Chicago. The governor of Illinois, 22:19.100 --> 22:23.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% J.B. Pritzker, the mayor of Chicago, Brandon Johnson, are pushing back. 22:23.833 --> 22:26.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Does the president have the authority to send in 22:26.400 --> 22:31.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% federal agents over the objections of state and local leaders in this case? 22:33.700 --> 22:36.400 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% WILLIAM BANKS: The president has the authority to send in civilians into the state of Illinois or 22:38.800 --> 22:42.033 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% city of Chicago, those that are working for ICE or some other civilian agency in the U.S. government, 22:44.000 --> 22:49.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% but he doesn't likely have the authority to deploy the National Guard there. 22:50.966 --> 22:54.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% The reason for that is a fundamental one in our system, that National Guard forces 22:56.033 --> 22:59.700 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% are in their default posture subject to command of the state governor, 23:01.833 --> 23:05.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% not the president of the United States. The president can only utilize the National Guard 23:07.766 --> 23:10.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% for a federal operation if the state governor agrees -- and, in this case, as you point out, 23:13.000 --> 23:16.733 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% he has not -- or if the president thinks that circumstances are truly extraordinary, 23:18.900 --> 23:23.400 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% he can invoke something called the Insurrection Act to federalize the incident altogether. 23:25.233 --> 23:28.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% That would be a very extreme step, one that hasn't been taken in the United 23:28.933 --> 23:33.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% States since 1992 and that's been taken only a few times in our collective history. 23:36.166 --> 23:40.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: And Chicago, as you well know, has declared itself a sanctuary city. How much 23:40.233 --> 23:45.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% power do local officials actually have to resist or limit federal law enforcement? 23:47.433 --> 23:51.300 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% WILLIAM BANKS: Local officials, state officials have considerable leverage in this regard. 23:53.766 --> 23:56.500 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% There's a concept that is taught in constitutional law in law schools everywhere that holds that the 24:01.900 --> 24:06.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% federal government may not commandeer state resources into service of a federal program. 24:08.933 --> 24:13.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% In other words, President Trump or any president is free to send 24:13.333 --> 24:18.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% federal resources to do a federal job, to fulfill a federal mission inside a state, 24:20.266 --> 24:24.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% but they can't compel the state to provide assistance, to provide personnel, 24:26.733 --> 24:29.966 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% to provide whatever other resources the federal government might need. 24:29.966 --> 24:33.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% GEOFF BENNETT: William Banks, professor emeritus of law at Syracuse University, 24:33.733 --> 24:35.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% thanks again for your time this evening, sir. 24:35.333 --> 24:40.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% WILLIAM BANKS: Thank you. It was good to be with you. 24:50.833 --> 24:53.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% GEOFF BENNETT: Now a look at a five-decade-long project to 24:53.333 --> 24:58.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% protect puffins. Atlantic puffins still face a precarious foothold. That's due in part to 25:00.333 --> 25:03.433 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% a loss of habitat and to troubles tied to warming ocean waters and climate change. 25:03.433 --> 25:07.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% But one longstanding effort off the coast of Maine continues to 25:07.100 --> 25:12.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% provide a crucial nesting habitat for these seabirds and a place for them to thrive. 25:14.366 --> 25:17.400 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% Science correspondent Miles O'Brien traveled to the only colony of Atlantic puffins in the U.S., 25:18.800 --> 25:20.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% part of our Tipping Point series on climate change. 25:22.133 --> 25:26.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: It was billed as a three-hour tour, really. 25:28.100 --> 25:32.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% OK, so Gilligan, Skipper, Professor? No, you're professor, Professor. 25:32.666 --> 25:34.733 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% (LAUGHTER) 25:34.733 --> 25:38.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: That's Don Lyons, head of the Audubon Seabird Institute. Fortunately, 25:40.833 --> 25:44.333 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% on this day, the weather didn't start getting rough. The tiny ship wasn't tossed. 25:46.033 --> 25:47.633 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% STEVE KRESS, Audubon Seabird Institute: It isn't always like this. 25:47.633 --> 25:49.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: Yes, I imagine. I think we lucked out, right? 25:51.166 --> 25:53.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: We were joined by Steve Kress, a living legend in the 25:53.833 --> 25:58.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% world of seabirds. His claim to fame? The destination off our bow, Eastern Egg Rock, 26:01.000 --> 26:05.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% six miles southeast of New Harbor, Maine. It's the summer nesting perch for a thriving, 26:07.900 --> 26:12.266 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% curated colony of Atlantic puffins in all their colorful, charismatic, quirky glory. 26:14.400 --> 26:19.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% It's a barren speck of good news for some bird species that are struggling to survive in a fast, 26:21.366 --> 26:25.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% warming ocean. Getting to this place is a lot easier for the birds than for us. 26:26.566 --> 26:28.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% OK, so what's the strategy? 26:28.466 --> 26:30.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% DON LYONS, Audubon Seabird Institute: OK, so you will sit on the tube. 26:30.600 --> 26:34.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: The fact that all of us were here is thanks to then-23-year-old Steve 26:36.966 --> 26:40.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Kress' vision back in the 1970s. He had read that puffins thrived here, but then vanished 26:42.433 --> 26:46.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% in the late 19th century, unmercifully hunted to extirpation, locally extinct. 26:48.766 --> 26:52.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% STEVE KRESS: People caused them to leave. Maybe people can help bring them back. That 26:52.933 --> 26:57.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% was the notion. I had no idea that that notion was going to be my life's work. 26:59.400 --> 27:01.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: It had never been done before, 27:01.466 --> 27:06.266 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and the experts ranged from skeptical to hostile. Unburdened by conventional wisdom, 27:08.300 --> 27:13.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% he and his young idealistic team wrote their puffin playbook on the fly. 27:15.100 --> 27:19.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% In 1973, they began transferring chicks from Newfoundland's abundant colonies 27:20.900 --> 27:25.300 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% into these sod burrows, cozy homes for the month it took them to fledge. 27:27.100 --> 27:29.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% STEVE KRESS: And during that month our hope was that they were learning that 27:29.200 --> 27:33.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Egg Rock was their home, and they would come back here someday rather than going 27:33.500 --> 27:36.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% back to Newfoundland, where they were collected. 27:36.033 --> 27:40.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: To further entice them, they deployed decoys, mirrors, 27:40.000 --> 27:45.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and amplified recordings of puffins. It still took four years for the first adult 27:47.000 --> 27:50.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% puffin to return and another four years before nesting pairs began breeding here. 27:52.233 --> 27:56.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Fifty years later, hundreds of puffins take a summer break from life at sea to 27:58.933 --> 28:01.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% mate and rear their chicks on Eastern Egg. No longer any need for Canadian imports. 28:04.300 --> 28:09.300 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% I sat in a blind with Steve and Don, a front-row seat to a spectacular 28:11.400 --> 28:14.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% performance as puffin parents arrived with beaks full of fish for their hungry chicks. 28:16.700 --> 28:20.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% But each delivery came with risk. With every landing, they had to dodge their nemeses, 28:22.966 --> 28:26.433 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% the ever watchful laughing gulls, eager to snatch their catch before it reached the nest. 28:28.866 --> 28:31.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% STEVE KRESS: It just passed that rock with all the puffins on it. 28:31.600 --> 28:35.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% DON LYONS: Very likely has a chicken and burrow right here in front of us somewhere. 28:35.500 --> 28:37.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: It seemed like a picture-perfect 28:37.500 --> 28:42.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% moment. But Don and Steve said it was actually epic. 28:42.200 --> 28:43.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% DON LYONS: This is unbelievable. 28:43.700 --> 28:45.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: I did not expect this. I didn't expect it. 28:45.900 --> 28:48.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% STEVE KRESS: This is really an unusual day. Look at them all. 28:48.066 --> 28:50.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I have never seen so many puffins on this island. 28:50.833 --> 28:53.000 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: Wow. 28:53.000 --> 28:56.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Better to be lucky than good, but diligence is the mother of good luck. And the birds 28:58.366 --> 29:02.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% most assuredly would not be here without the annual arrival of the 29:02.233 --> 29:07.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% puffin police headquartered at the Egg Rock Hilton, zero stars on Tripadvisor. 29:09.500 --> 29:14.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Each year, young aspiring ornithologists and ecologists come here loaded for gull, 29:16.600 --> 29:20.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% hoping to ensure the puffins get the last laugh. This year, they were led by Alison Ballard. 29:22.600 --> 29:24.866 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% ALISON BALLARD, Audubon Seabird Institute: The initial idea was that one day, 29:24.866 --> 29:29.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% puffins would be able to live on this island without the need of human interaction. However, 29:31.366 --> 29:33.966 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% over time, that has been shown to not necessarily be the case. 29:33.966 --> 29:38.966 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: Common terns offer another layer of defense. Uncommonly aggressive to 29:40.800 --> 29:44.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% any intruder, including us, they are the bodyguards of the puffin colony. 29:46.166 --> 29:48.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% STEVE KRESS: I was hoping that the terns alone would be enough 29:48.466 --> 29:53.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% to protect the puffins. Now we know that the terns alone aren't enough to 29:55.000 --> 29:58.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% protect the puffins. The terns and the puffins need our help. 29:58.533 --> 30:02.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Take away the people, and we lose these species. 30:02.000 --> 30:06.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% We are the cause of the problem. We need to be the cause of the solution. 30:06.200 --> 30:08.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: The solutions Kress and the Audubon team 30:08.866 --> 30:12.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% have pioneered have drawn international attention. 30:12.300 --> 30:16.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% STEVE KRESS: Somehow, this idea left Maine and it has been used 30:16.633 --> 30:21.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% around the world now. It has legs of its own, because it's a good idea. 30:21.233 --> 30:25.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: Demand for the tools of the trade has prompted them to build a 30:25.333 --> 30:30.333 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% robust decoy production facility. They export 48 different painted plastic 30:32.300 --> 30:36.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% species worldwide and have inspired 800 seabird restoration projects globally. 30:38.133 --> 30:40.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% SUSAN SCHUBEL, Audubon Seabird Institute: So this is a northern gannet. Last winter, 30:40.833 --> 30:44.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% we made 420 of these to send to Canada. 30:44.733 --> 30:46.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: It's run by Susan Schubel, 30:46.966 --> 30:51.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% the outreach educator, although she prefers seabird celebrant. 30:54.033 --> 30:57.366 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% SUSAN SCHUBEL: We're providing a way to help communicate where are the good places. Where 30:59.666 --> 31:02.600 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% have we done the work to reduce the predators? We can't necessarily control where the fish are 31:04.466 --> 31:07.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% in the ocean, but we will do our best to keep the oceans clean and healthy. 31:07.433 --> 31:12.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: But that, of course, is a hope against hope. Humans are relentlessly 31:14.100 --> 31:17.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% ruining the oceans, and seabird populations are heading off a cliff. 31:19.966 --> 31:23.366 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% DON LYONS: The estimates are maybe a 70 percent decline over the last 50, 60, 70 years. 31:25.100 --> 31:27.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: Seventy percent? 31:27.100 --> 31:30.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% DON LYONS: Seventy percent, 7-0. That decline is really telling us the ocean 31:30.466 --> 31:35.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% is changing in ways that seabirds can't adapt to, at least not very quickly. 31:37.700 --> 31:41.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: Warming ocean waters fueled by the climate crisis mean fish are on the move, 31:42.433 --> 31:45.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% migrating to their temperature sweet spot. 31:45.466 --> 31:48.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Gemma Clucas of Cornell University is trying to 31:48.566 --> 31:53.533 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% understand how this is changing the diet of seabirds by analyzing their poop. 31:55.600 --> 31:57.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% GEMMA CLUCAS, Cornell Lab of Ornithology: We can go out and collect poops relatively 31:57.766 --> 32:01.900 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% quickly from a colony of nesting seabirds, bring them back to the lab, 32:01.900 --> 32:06.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% and then what I do is I sequence the DNA in those fecal samples in order to 32:06.400 --> 32:10.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% see which fish or invertebrates the birds have been feeding on. Working 32:10.833 --> 32:14.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: with the Shoals Marine Lab and the University of New Hampshire, 32:14.400 --> 32:19.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% she visit's a common tern colony near Portsmouth wearing a plastic-coated wide brim hat. 32:21.500 --> 32:26.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% The aggressive birds eagerly pelt her with specimens, taking a turn as research assistants. 32:28.566 --> 32:33.533 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% In the lab, she is seeing genetic evidence of fewer cold water species, like Atlantic herring, 32:35.600 --> 32:39.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and more butterfish, who like it warmer, but are not easy for puffin and tern chicks 32:41.466 --> 32:45.066 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% to swallow. It means parents must fly longer and farther to feed their young. 32:47.233 --> 32:50.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% GEMMA CLUCAS: We are seeing an impact of these changes on the breeding success of the birds. 32:50.033 --> 32:52.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% MILES O'BRIEN: So we always talk about the canary and 32:52.166 --> 32:55.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% the coal mine. Is it more the puffin on the rock? 32:55.200 --> 32:57.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% (LAUGHTER) GEMMA CLUCAS: Yes, I think that's a good analogy. 32:57.766 --> 33:02.733 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% MILES O'BRIEN: The menu for a seabird chick is more than a meal. It's a diagnostic test for the 33:04.766 --> 33:09.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% ocean's health. And right now the prognosis is grim. But here in the Gulf of Maine, 33:11.666 --> 33:16.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% conservationists are listening to the warning signs and pushing back against the downward trend. 33:18.400 --> 33:23.133 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Puffins still have a foothold here, not by chance, but by design. 33:24.800 --> 33:29.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% For the "PBS News Hour," I'm Miles O'Brien on Eastern Egg Rock, Maine. 33:40.600 --> 33:44.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Health officials in Florida released more details about how they're 33:44.066 --> 33:48.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% moving to end many school vaccination mandates. Public health experts are 33:48.400 --> 33:52.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% worried about the impact on children in the state and whether other states may follow. 33:52.800 --> 33:55.366 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% William Brangham has that story. 33:55.366 --> 33:59.466 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% WILLIAM BRANGHAM: Amna, yesterday's announcement came days after Florida's surgeon general, Dr. 33:59.466 --> 34:04.433 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% Joseph Ladapo, said the state would be the first to ban all vaccine requirements. This new policy 34:06.700 --> 34:10.900 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% for schoolchildren won't take effect for about 90 days, and it would end the requirement that kids 34:12.966 --> 34:16.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% are inoculated against diseases like hepatitis B, chicken pox, influenza, and meningitis. 34:18.800 --> 34:22.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% The state legislature could take it further and consider removing 34:22.633 --> 34:27.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% requirements for measles and polio as well. In announcing the change last week, Dr. 34:29.600 --> 34:33.300 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Ladapo spoke out against vaccine mandates, saying it was a matter of personal freedom. 34:35.366 --> 34:38.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% DR. JOSEPH LADAPO, Florida Surgeon General: Every last one of them is wrong and drips 34:38.300 --> 34:43.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% with disdain and slavery, OK? Who am I as a government or anyone else or who 34:47.600 --> 34:52.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% am I as a man standing here now to tell you what you should put in your body? 34:53.933 --> 34:55.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% WILLIAM BRANGHAM: Doctors in Florida are warning 34:55.733 --> 34:59.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% this change could put children and their communities at risk. 34:59.666 --> 35:04.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% One of those is Dr. Mona Amin. She's a pediatrician in Florida and host of 35:06.933 --> 35:09.700 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% "PedsDoc" podcast. For the record, we invited Dr. Ladapo on the show, but he declined our request. 35:11.433 --> 35:14.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Dr. Amin, thank you so much for being here. 35:14.066 --> 35:17.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% When you first heard the surgeon general's comments 35:17.833 --> 35:22.633 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% specifically linking vaccine mandates to slavery, what was your reaction? 35:22.633 --> 35:24.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% DR. MONA AMIN, Host, "PedsDocTalk": Oh, thank you for having me. 35:24.933 --> 35:29.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The reaction was swift and feeling disheartening, 35:31.900 --> 35:34.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% demoralizing and frustrating. One, the comparison with vaccine mandates and slavery 35:34.866 --> 35:39.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% is not founded. Obviously, vaccine mandates are there for a reason, to protect people, 35:39.433 --> 35:43.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% when -- we can go into a whole other tangent on slavery -- was not the same situation. 35:43.900 --> 35:48.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% And as a pediatrician who spends so much time educating the public and my 35:48.466 --> 35:52.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% community about the importance of vaccine programs and vaccination, 35:52.233 --> 35:57.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% it was very disheartening to hear someone on a large public platform say that this 35:59.366 --> 36:02.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% is something that is not going to happen in our state at a time when we see measles outbreaks, 36:02.233 --> 36:06.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% at a time when we are seeing the rise of pertussis cases around the world. 36:06.466 --> 36:11.466 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% And so, as a mother myself, I felt concerned not only for my patients, but for other mothers who 36:13.766 --> 36:17.066 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% want to protect their children and are now hearing this reality may become true in 90 days or more. 36:18.933 --> 36:21.733 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% WILLIAM BRANGHAM: What are the public health implications here? Because, 36:21.733 --> 36:26.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% as I'm sure you have heard, there are many people who do believe that the mandates are 36:28.800 --> 36:32.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% onerous. They may not themselves be anti-vaccine, but they think that the government telling you, 36:33.900 --> 36:37.433 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% you have to have it in order to go to school or go to work is too much. 36:37.433 --> 36:42.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% So what will be, in your view, the impact of this? 36:44.833 --> 36:47.433 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% DR. MONA AMIN: So we have to understand that, in public health, public health is looking out for 36:47.433 --> 36:52.433 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% exactly that, the public's health. So a lot of the policy here is looking out for the greater good. 36:54.666 --> 36:57.533 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% So an example here is that we can say, well, I'm going to drive and drink at the same time, 36:59.566 --> 37:02.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% right? So I'm going to get behind the wheel. It's my body, my choice, my car. Yet doing 37:02.233 --> 37:06.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% so is going to put other people on that road at risk. So there has to be guardrails here. 37:06.800 --> 37:10.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Same thing for vaccine mandates. If we are going to be going into a public school 37:10.466 --> 37:15.333 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% system or even a private school system where children are in enclosed spaces, 37:15.333 --> 37:19.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% where respiratory viruses and bacteria can spread, the things that we prevent 37:19.200 --> 37:23.500 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% with vaccine-preventable illnesses, we are putting each other at risk. 37:23.500 --> 37:27.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% So, the risk here is that we are going to bring home these illnesses to the 37:27.833 --> 37:32.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% unvaccinated children. And also remember that even children who are fully vaccinated, 37:32.800 --> 37:37.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% vaccines are not 100 percent. So that small risk that they can get the virus or bacteria and, 37:40.066 --> 37:43.066 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% more importantly, that they can bring it home to newborns, immunocompromised family members, 37:44.533 --> 37:46.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% grandpa and grandma, who may have weaker immune systems. 37:46.066 --> 37:49.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% So we are going to see a trickle effect that not only impacts the 37:49.733 --> 37:54.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% children who are in the school system, but the teachers and the communities. That is 37:54.000 --> 37:58.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% why public health measures are in place, that we could start to see more viruses, 37:58.466 --> 38:03.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% more bacteria and more hospitalizations and more of a public health crisis here. 38:05.566 --> 38:09.000 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% WILLIAM BRANGHAM: States do allow medical exemptions. Parents can sign these forms to say, 38:11.066 --> 38:14.266 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I don't want my child vaccinated for these reasons. Other states offer religious exemptions. 38:16.333 --> 38:20.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% You do believe, though, that eliminating these mandates will lead to more outbreaks for sure? 38:23.333 --> 38:26.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% DR. MONA AMIN: There is a high likelihood. Of course, we cannot predict the future, 38:26.466 --> 38:29.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% but I would like to use the measles outbreak as an example. 38:29.600 --> 38:34.133 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% So in order for there to be immunity in a community, there has to be 95 percent of 38:34.133 --> 38:38.533 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% the community has to be vaccinated or immune to measles. Now in Florida, 38:38.533 --> 38:43.533 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% the vaccination rate for kindergartners right now is under 90 percent, around 89 percent. 38:45.800 --> 38:49.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% So, now if we remove these mandates, that could mean less people getting vaccinated. Right now, 38:51.133 --> 38:53.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% in the state of Florida for a child to enter a school system, they have to get 38:53.133 --> 38:57.500 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% vaccinated. I see those children come into my office and means a higher vaccine rate. 38:57.500 --> 39:01.333 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% But now, if we remove those mandates, those vaccine rates could reduce, 39:01.333 --> 39:06.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% which means a virus like measles can have a more likelihood of spread. So we are going to 39:08.466 --> 39:11.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% see this. The degree to which is hard to know, depending on the vaccine status in a community, 39:13.766 --> 39:17.333 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% but it is a high-risk situation that we want to avoid as much as possible. 39:17.333 --> 39:20.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% WILLIAM BRANGHAM: What do you do in your own practice? When a mother or a father 39:20.533 --> 39:23.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% with their children come to your office and say, 39:23.100 --> 39:28.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I have heard these suspicions being cast about vaccines, how do you counsel them? 39:30.300 --> 39:32.700 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% DR. MONA AMIN: I think it's important to lead with curiosity. So I ask them where they got 39:32.700 --> 39:37.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% that information and what they feel about that information. And I guide with facts, 39:37.100 --> 39:40.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% what we see clinically and what we see by the evidence. 39:40.066 --> 39:44.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And hopefully, with that, they can come around and understand the importance of vaccination, 39:44.800 --> 39:49.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I, as a pediatrician, vaccinate my own two children on schedule, and why I do that, 39:49.333 --> 39:54.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and so that we can hopefully make this idea that the Florida surgeon general has not 39:54.066 --> 39:58.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% a reality by advocating for the importance of vaccination and calling our legislators, 39:58.933 --> 40:01.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% so that they know the importance as well. 40:01.233 --> 40:02.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% WILLIAM BRANGHAM: All right, Dr. Mona Amin, 40:02.866 --> 40:06.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Florida pediatrician, thank you so much for being here. 40:06.133 --> 40:10.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% DR. MONA AMIN: Thank you for having me. 40:10.633 --> 40:15.633 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% AMNA NAWAZ: 40:18.133 --> 40:22.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% President Trump makes promises to religious voters, denies writing a letter to Jeffrey 40:22.800 --> 40:27.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Epstein, and has some members of his team wearing many different hats. 40:27.200 --> 40:30.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% It's time for Politics Monday with Amy Walter of The Cook Political 40:30.400 --> 40:33.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Report With Amy Walter and Tamara Keith of NPR. 40:33.666 --> 40:35.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Great to see you both. 40:35.100 --> 40:37.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% TAMARA KEITH, National Public Radio: Good to be here. 40:37.466 --> 40:38.866 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: So, as you both saw, President Trump was at the Museum of the Bible in Washington, 40:38.866 --> 40:41.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% D.C., earlier today. He announced upcoming action 40:41.066 --> 40:45.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% from the Department of Education to protect prayer in public schools. 40:45.466 --> 40:48.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Tam, he was also talking about other actions his administration has taken 40:48.833 --> 40:51.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% investigating what he calls anti-Christian bias, 40:51.366 --> 40:56.333 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% pardoning anti-abortion rights activists. Why this message and why right now? 40:58.200 --> 41:00.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% TAMARA KEITH: He created this Religious Liberty Commission through executive 41:00.100 --> 41:04.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% action earlier this year, and this is a regularly scheduled meeting. 41:04.466 --> 41:09.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% They have more meetings coming up of this commission, which includes a wide range 41:11.366 --> 41:14.733 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% of mostly Christian people, pastors, as well as administration officials. 41:17.000 --> 41:21.866 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% And this is part of keeping the promises he made when he was campaigning. Evangelical Christians, 41:23.933 --> 41:28.266 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% white evangelicals are very important to his base. They are very important to how he got 41:30.633 --> 41:33.466 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% elected. He said he wants more prayer in school. He made a lot of promises when he was campaigning. 41:36.400 --> 41:41.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And, I mean, we have seen this with any number of issues that he campaigned on. He is checking 41:43.866 --> 41:46.600 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% the boxes. He is going down the list. He is going through and trying to deliver on promises he made 41:48.766 --> 41:52.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% to key constituencies, which now the midterms are a little bit more than a year away, and you 41:55.200 --> 41:58.500 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% want to keep those constituencies happy when there might be frustration with other things going on. 41:59.866 --> 42:01.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: Amy, he's not a regular churchgoer, 42:01.500 --> 42:04.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% right? But, as Tam points out, this is a core part of his base. 42:04.833 --> 42:06.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Is this just about making 42:06.433 --> 42:07.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% good on those promises? Is he shoring up weakening support? 42:07.933 --> 42:09.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% AMY WALTER: Yes, I do think that that's exactly right. 42:09.900 --> 42:13.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% It is checking a lot of the boxes and saying to folks who voted for him, see, 42:13.500 --> 42:17.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% I told you I was going to do these things and I'm delivering on it. 42:17.100 --> 42:21.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% What's interesting, though, as we go into the midterms, we know that getting your base behind 42:21.433 --> 42:25.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% you, really important, but you can't win without at least some independent voters. 42:25.733 --> 42:30.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And there was a poll out this weekend from CBS News, and they asked a question this way, 42:30.533 --> 42:35.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% which is, do you agree or like the goals of Donald Trump or dislike what his goals are? 42:39.033 --> 42:44.033 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% And 90-some percent of Republicans said, love, love it. In other words, he's checked all the 42:46.200 --> 42:49.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% boxes. He's doing exactly what we wanted it to do. Obviously, Democrats overwhelmingly said, 42:49.533 --> 42:54.500 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% no, we don't like the goals, but only about 40 percent of independents agreed with the goals. 42:56.600 --> 43:00.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And this gets to the central challenge as we go into this upcoming election, which is, 43:02.166 --> 43:05.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% when I talk to Republicans who believe that, yes, 43:05.500 --> 43:10.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the president was elected in part on improving the economy, but also on a 43:10.000 --> 43:14.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% lot of these cultural and social issues. And delivering on those cultural and social issues 43:14.233 --> 43:19.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% will be really important for Republicans to talk about as we go into the next election. 43:21.566 --> 43:24.433 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% However, it is also clear that concerns about the economy are a major drag. And it's also true that, 43:27.033 --> 43:32.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% even on some of the issues where he has put the most emphasis, immigration, for example, 43:33.900 --> 43:38.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% or even on crime, he's not getting the return on that from independent voters. 43:40.333 --> 43:42.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: There has been an issue that splintered his base somewhat. 43:42.133 --> 43:44.933 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% That is the pressure to release more of the Jeffrey Epstein files, 43:44.933 --> 43:48.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% which his White House has not yet done. We saw just today House Democrats released this 43:48.933 --> 43:52.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% letter that President Trump has repeatedly denied even writing to Jeffrey Epstein. 43:52.933 --> 43:56.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Does that kind of thing, the letter, his denials, does that matter to supporters? 43:56.500 --> 43:58.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% AMY WALTER: What's interesting is, 43:58.433 --> 44:02.733 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% I think the issue matters. I don't think his presence as a part of it, 44:04.866 --> 44:08.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% i.e., whether he knew Jeffrey Epstein, whether he wrote that letter or not, is as important. 44:10.600 --> 44:14.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% I think the animating force of this issue is this idea of -- and many of 44:16.333 --> 44:19.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% his supporters feel this way - - that there is overall just 44:20.966 --> 44:24.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% an elite class of people who do bad things that are corrupt and get away with it, 44:26.733 --> 44:31.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and that this was going to be an opportunity for Donald Trump to rip off that shield around them. 44:34.933 --> 44:38.133 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% And so even if you listen to somebody like Marjorie Taylor Greene, 44:38.133 --> 44:43.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% who has come out and said she wants to see this report, she has said repeatedly, 44:45.266 --> 44:48.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I don't think Donald Trump has anything to do with any of this. This isn't about Donald Trump. 44:48.300 --> 44:52.600 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% So while Democrats may see that letter and say, ah, it implicates him. 44:54.433 --> 44:56.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% What somebody like Marjorie Taylor Greene or many supporters will say is, 44:56.633 --> 45:00.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I'm not concerned about Donald Trump and what he did. I don't think he had anything to do with 45:00.133 --> 45:05.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% it. But I know there are a lot of famous people and influential people who need to be exposed. 45:06.533 --> 45:08.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Well, Tam, let's talk a little bit more about 45:08.533 --> 45:10.700 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% who the president has around him. You have been doing some great reporting, 45:10.700 --> 45:15.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% finding that there are more people taking on more roles. Tell us about that. 45:15.100 --> 45:19.100 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% TAMARA KEITH: Yes, there are at least a dozen administration officials wearing 45:19.100 --> 45:24.100 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% more than one hat. And what I mean, by that is they have two full-time jobs. 45:26.233 --> 45:29.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% These are not small jobs. These are at least two big jobs. And there are three administration 45:31.400 --> 45:34.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% officials who have three jobs. That includes Secretary of State Marco Rubio, who is also the 45:36.566 --> 45:39.533 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% national security adviser and the archivist of the U.S. He just gave up his fourth job, which he had 45:41.800 --> 45:45.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% had for several months, which was being the head of the U.S. Agency for International Development. 45:47.466 --> 45:50.433 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% He handed that off to Russell Vought, who is the budget director, but also the head of CFPB. 45:52.600 --> 45:56.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% In that particular case, it's very clear that Russell Vought is sort of the Grim Reaper of 45:59.033 --> 46:02.533 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% the administration's when it comes to agencies that the president and his party want to get 46:02.533 --> 46:07.533 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% rid of. And the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and USAID are both on the chopping block. 46:09.233 --> 46:11.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: What does it say to you that there seem to be now fewer 46:11.200 --> 46:14.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% people around the president because more of them are taking more jobs? 46:14.700 --> 46:19.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% TAMARA KEITH: And these people are loyal to President Trump in a way that his administration 46:22.100 --> 46:25.400 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% didn't always have loyalists in the first term. In the first term, he had to lean on a lot of former 46:27.500 --> 46:30.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Bush administration officials. This time, these are loyalists. These are people that he trusts. 46:33.300 --> 46:36.100 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% And what one person told me is that Trump is used to running a family business where, if somebody is 46:38.233 --> 46:41.866 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% good and you trust them, you just give them more projects. And so this is President Trump running 46:43.933 --> 46:48.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the U.S. government, which is a very different beast, as sort of like he ran his family business. 46:50.033 --> 46:52.066 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% AMNA NAWAZ: Well, let me ask, Amy, about one specific member 46:52.066 --> 46:54.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% of the team. That is Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. 46:54.800 --> 46:58.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% He took some tough questions on Capitol Hill from Democrats, yes, 46:58.233 --> 47:03.066 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% but also from several Republicans, notably the doctors in the Senate. 47:03.066 --> 47:05.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% AMY WALTER: Yes. AMNA NAWAZ: It's clear there's some frustration, 47:05.233 --> 47:08.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% though, here growing among the president's own party about Kennedy's policies. But this 47:08.800 --> 47:13.600 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% line some of them are trying to walk. We saw them really hold up the president, the work 47:13.600 --> 47:18.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% that he did on Operation Warp Speed to get to a COVID vaccine, and still criticize Kennedy. 47:18.533 --> 47:20.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% AMY WALTER: Right. AMNA NAWAZ: How difficult is that line? 47:20.433 --> 47:22.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% AMY WALTER: Well, the president himself is sort of walking that line. 47:22.400 --> 47:27.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% When he was asked about the Florida decision on no vaccine mandates, 47:29.100 --> 47:32.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% he was like, I don't know if that's such a great idea. He has said, 47:32.000 --> 47:37.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% even in response to some of the things that the health secretary said, 47:39.100 --> 47:42.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% not all vaccines are bad, right? So he too is trying to have a very clear line there. 47:44.133 --> 47:48.200 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% It's also notable that a poll was leaked from the president's own pollster, Tony Fabrizio, 47:52.233 --> 47:56.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% where the poll memo, we don't have -- it really is just a poll memo. So it feels 47:56.133 --> 47:59.833 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% like one of those things that was meant to be leaked that went out to senators, 47:59.833 --> 48:04.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% especially Republican senators, saying a majority of Trump voters believe in vaccines. 48:07.000 --> 48:10.600 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% And so, while they said don't mistake a lot of the frustration that many Republicans 48:12.933 --> 48:17.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% have about the COVID vaccine for a blanket disbelief in vaccines. 48:20.233 --> 48:25.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Vaccines are still popular. So that is how the line is now being walked. 48:26.933 --> 48:28.766 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: Tam, given all that, what does that mean for Republicans 48:28.766 --> 48:30.966 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% trying to create this wedge here between Kennedy and the president? 48:30.966 --> 48:35.033 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% TAMARA KEITH: So, yes, here's the thing. These Republicans had an opportunity to make Kennedy 48:37.400 --> 48:41.000 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% not be the health and human services secretary. That is the advise-and-consent role of the Senate. 48:43.100 --> 48:47.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And several of these senators had reservations, and they were reassured that Kennedy wouldn't 48:49.733 --> 48:53.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% do some of the very things that he is doing now. But he's in. And so the only 48:53.433 --> 48:58.433 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% way to get Kennedy out essentially is to get the president to fire him. So far, 49:00.533 --> 49:03.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% I don't think President Trump is anywhere close to that, in part because the MAHA, 49:03.500 --> 49:08.133 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% the Make America Healthy Again movement, was a big part of his base. 49:08.133 --> 49:11.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% It's part of how he won. And making America healthy again 49:11.333 --> 49:15.266 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% is another one of these promises that he wants to say he's keeping. 49:15.266 --> 49:17.600 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: We will see that key report coming out very soon as well. 49:17.600 --> 49:20.533 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Tamara Keith and Amy Walter, always great to see you. Thank you. 49:20.533 --> 49:24.300 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% AMY WALTER: You're welcome. 49:24.300 --> 49:29.300 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% TAMARA KEITH: You're welcome. 49:30.266 --> 49:33.333 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% GEOFF BENNETT: 49:33.333 --> 49:36.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Three years after becoming the youngest number one player in history, 49:36.633 --> 49:41.433 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Spain's Carlos Alcaraz has reclaimed the top spot, winning the U.S. Open in four 49:41.433 --> 49:46.233 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% sets over Italy's Jannik Sinner center and capturing his sixth Grand Slam title. 49:46.233 --> 49:51.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% On the women's side, Belarus' Aryna Sabalenka defeated American Amanda Anisimova, becoming 49:53.133 --> 49:55.733 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% the first woman since Serena Williams to win back-to-back singles titles at 49:55.733 --> 50:00.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the U.S. Open. It's the second U.S. Open championship for both Alcaraz and Sabalenka. 50:02.500 --> 50:04.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% For more on these historic victories, we're joined now by Patrick McEnroe, 50:04.800 --> 50:09.433 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% former singles and doubles champion and a longtime commentator on all things tennis. 50:09.433 --> 50:11.266 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% It's great to see you. 50:11.266 --> 50:15.133 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% So, Carlos Alcaraz did not lose a single set in the tournament until Sunday. 50:16.866 --> 50:19.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% What impressed you most about his run and his performance yesterday? 50:19.466 --> 50:21.500 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% PATRICK MCENROE, Former Professional Tennis Player: You know, I think it 50:21.500 --> 50:24.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% was his focus and his attitude. Sometimes he can be a little up and down. He's such 50:24.533 --> 50:29.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% a creative player. He is a showman out there. He loves to put on a good show for the fans. 50:31.566 --> 50:34.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% But what most impressed me this year, Geoff, was that he seemed to be just dialed in right 50:36.866 --> 50:39.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% from the start. Sometimes, you see him lose a set or two early in the tournament, 50:39.000 --> 50:42.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% when he just kind of loses a little bit of interest. That didn't happen this year. 50:42.333 --> 50:46.666 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% I think Jannik Sinner beating him at Wimbledon in the final there -- he had 50:46.666 --> 50:50.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% won it the last two years -- was a little bit of a wake-up call for Carlos. So he seemed to 50:50.900 --> 50:55.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% be incredibly focused. The serve was the best I have ever seen it in the championship match. And 50:58.166 --> 51:01.466 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% he was absolutely hitting his forehand at just incredible speeds throughout the entire match. 51:03.266 --> 51:06.300 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And he set the tone early by going after Sinner. Sinner was able to, 51:06.300 --> 51:11.300 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% I thought, overpower him a little bit in that Wimbledon final. And Alcaraz came out with the 51:13.100 --> 51:16.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% mentality and the game plan on Sunday that he wasn't going to let that happen 51:16.233 --> 51:21.000 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% again. And it was a really impressive and dominant performance from Carlos. 51:21.000 --> 51:24.066 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% GEOFF BENNETT: Yes, it was an incredible championship match between Alcaraz and 51:24.066 --> 51:28.133 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Sinner. How do you see their rivalry shaping the sport moving forward? 51:28.133 --> 51:31.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% PATRICK MCENROE: Well, it is incredible. The last two years, 51:31.266 --> 51:35.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% they have split all eight Majors. And it's been a long time since that's happened. A 51:35.666 --> 51:40.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% guy by the name of Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal did that. I think it was in 2006-2007. 51:42.700 --> 51:46.900 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% So what they're doing is really separating themselves from the pack right now. And it's 51:46.900 --> 51:51.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% going to be up to the other players. Maybe it's Americans Ben Shelton, Taylor Fritz, 51:51.233 --> 51:55.766 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Alexander Zverev. Maybe there's a 15- or 16-year-old out there that's watching these 51:55.766 --> 51:59.866 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% guys and was going to say to himself, I got to start playing tennis like that. I got to 51:59.866 --> 52:04.466 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% start taking huge risks. I got to start being ultra-aggressive. I got to have lightning speed. 52:04.466 --> 52:09.333 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% Because, right now, they are clearly far and away the two best players in the world. And I 52:09.333 --> 52:14.333 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% think there's no reason that that's not going to continue. They both play great tennis on multiple 52:16.500 --> 52:19.800 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% surfaces, Sinner winning Wimbledon for the first time on grass. Sinner was one point away three 52:22.000 --> 52:24.800 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% times this year in Paris of winning that title against Alcaraz in what was really one of the 52:24.800 --> 52:29.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% most epic matches I have ever seen, and Alcaraz able to come back and win that in five sets. 52:31.733 --> 52:34.633 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Sinner gets him back at Wimbledon, and now Alcaraz wins it here. The next Major will 52:34.633 --> 52:39.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% be in January in Australia, and they will go in, the two of them, as heavy favorites again. 52:39.400 --> 52:42.466 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: And on the women's side, Aryna Sabalenka came in after 52:42.466 --> 52:46.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% a tough Wimbledon loss to the American and then beat her to defend her U.S. 52:46.700 --> 52:51.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Open title. What set out to you about her resilience and her path to victory? 52:51.200 --> 52:54.733 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% PATRICK MCENROE: Well, not only did she come back from a tough Wimbledon loss. She lost in 52:54.733 --> 52:59.700 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the finals in Paris to Coco Gauff. She lost in the final in Australia to Madison Keys, 53:01.966 --> 53:05.866 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% so two Americans. She was the best player all year, consistently was the best player, 53:07.566 --> 53:10.000 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% but she really wanted to win that Major, which had eluded her. 53:10.000 --> 53:13.100 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% She was going to keep the number one ranking no matter what, but I don't think it would have meant 53:13.100 --> 53:17.733 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% as much to her without the win in New York. So you saw her emotions, her reaction after winning 53:17.733 --> 53:21.833 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% that. Anisimova had another great tournament. And, remember, she played the Wimbledon final, 53:21.833 --> 53:26.533 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% didn't win a game in that one, after beating Sabalenka in a great match in the semifinals. 53:26.533 --> 53:29.733 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% So it was another great tournament for Amanda. I think we're going to see her 53:29.733 --> 53:33.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% break through within the next year or two. But certainly this stamps 53:33.200 --> 53:37.633 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% Sabalenka as clearly the number one player in the world for this year. 53:37.633 --> 53:41.266 align:left position:10% line:71% size:80% GEOFF BENNETT: And beyond the names we mentioned, who else caught your eye during this tournament 53:41.266 --> 53:45.400 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and which storyline should we be paying attention to as the tour moves forward? 53:45.400 --> 53:49.500 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% PATRICK MCENROE: Well, I think the players, a couple of players that I mentioned, the Americans. 53:49.500 --> 53:54.233 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% Taylor Fritz had a good run, lost to Djokovic in the quarterfinals. I think that's the match he 53:54.233 --> 53:59.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% could have won. Ben Shelton unfortunately had to retire, got injured in that one. 54:01.233 --> 54:04.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And I think Amanda Anisimova has been an amazing story, to see her resilience, 54:04.233 --> 54:08.933 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the way she came back after it really being embarrassed on the center court at Wimbledon 54:08.933 --> 54:13.666 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% and having such another good tournament. The American women are very strong overall. 54:13.666 --> 54:18.233 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% And I think the other thing to watch for is, how does Coco Gauff recover from what really 54:18.233 --> 54:22.800 align:left position:20% line:71% size:70% was a difficult time for her with going through a new coach, kind of changing the mechanics of 54:22.800 --> 54:26.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% the serve, which is highly unusual to do that at any time for a professional, 54:26.800 --> 54:30.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% but particularly essentially right before and in the middle of a Major tournament. 54:30.633 --> 54:34.800 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% So she's got a lot of work to do to sort of rebuild her confidence and find some 54:34.800 --> 54:38.400 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% sort of rhythm on that serve, because that really hurt her during this season, 54:38.400 --> 54:41.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% after winning her second Major of the year in Paris. 54:41.233 --> 54:44.200 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: Patrick McEnroe, great to speak with you. Thanks for joining us. 54:44.200 --> 54:45.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% PATRICK MCENROE: Thanks for having me. 54:57.666 --> 55:00.566 align:left position:20% line:77% size:70% AMNA NAWAZ: And that is the "News Hour" for tonight. I'm Amna Nawaz. 55:00.566 --> 55:02.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% GEOFF BENNETT: And I'm Geoff Bennett. 55:02.766 --> 55:04.633 align:left position:10% line:77% size:80% For all of us here at the "PBS News Hour," thanks for spending part of your evening with us.