WEBVTT 00:01.866 --> 00:03.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% ANNOUNCER: Major funding provided by: 00:21.766 --> 00:22.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Thank you. 00:27.433 --> 00:30.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% STEVES: Bonjour. I'm Rick Steves in Paris. 00:30.133 --> 00:32.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% You know, if you looked at the map of Europe 00:32.066 --> 00:34.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% 200 years ago, you'd hardly recognize it. 00:34.500 --> 00:37.400 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% It's missing so many countries. 00:37.400 --> 00:41.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Today, it's a whole different map, but it didn't just happen. 00:41.900 --> 00:45.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% In the romantic age, the 1800s, national struggles 00:45.166 --> 00:47.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% helped to shape my favorite continent. 00:47.933 --> 00:51.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And I'm fascinated by how music from the same age played a role. 00:51.366 --> 00:53.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% It lifted patriotic spirits 00:53.766 --> 00:55.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% like a bugle call on the battlefield. 00:55.666 --> 01:00.266 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% Hmm, I wonder... 01:00.266 --> 01:03.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% What if I could team up with a great orchestra, 01:03.133 --> 01:07.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% with a dynamic conductor in the heartland of America 01:07.366 --> 01:10.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and weave in beautiful video images from across Europe 01:10.566 --> 01:13.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% to design a musical trip. 01:13.033 --> 01:16.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Yes, a concert, a symphonic journey 01:16.933 --> 01:19.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% where we'd visit seven countries musically, 01:19.333 --> 01:21.400 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% celebrate their national story 01:21.400 --> 01:23.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% with their greatest hits of the romantic age 01:23.533 --> 01:25.233 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and I could be the tour guide. 01:31.233 --> 01:32.800 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [applause] 01:52.533 --> 01:54.400 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% STEVES: Thank you. Thank you. 01:57.466 --> 02:00.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I am thrilled to be here with all of you 02:00.866 --> 02:04.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% on the stage of Historic Music Hall in Cincinnati, Ohio. 02:04.500 --> 02:06.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [cheers & applause] 02:10.700 --> 02:14.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And we're about to take together a symphonic journey 02:14.500 --> 02:16.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% all across Europe. Are you ready to travel? 02:16.966 --> 02:19.666 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% AUDIENCE: Yes. 02:19.666 --> 02:22.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% STEVES: Great, because conductor John Morris Russell 02:22.033 --> 02:24.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and the Cincinnati Pops are about to take us 02:24.033 --> 02:26.600 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% to seven countries musically 02:26.600 --> 02:27.633 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and I get to be your tour guide. 02:33.833 --> 02:35.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And I'm really in a good mood because 02:35.633 --> 02:38.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I get to mix three of my favorite things together: 02:38.266 --> 02:42.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% love of travel, history, and music, 02:42.133 --> 02:45.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% as with the help of vivid images and the beautiful music, 02:45.666 --> 02:48.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% we appreciate how the turmoil and triumphs 02:48.566 --> 02:51.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% of 19th century Europe helped to shape 02:51.233 --> 02:54.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the beautiful world that we live in today. 02:54.000 --> 02:57.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Our theme is romanticism and nationalism, 02:57.200 --> 02:59.733 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% the isms of the 19th century. 02:59.733 --> 03:01.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And one thing they had in common was 03:01.800 --> 03:04.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% a fundamental yearning for freedom. 03:04.166 --> 03:06.600 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% We all want to be free. 03:06.600 --> 03:09.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% We want to be free from foreign oppressors. 03:09.033 --> 03:11.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% We want to be free from kings and tyrants. 03:14.466 --> 03:16.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And we want to be free as individuals 03:16.233 --> 03:19.233 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% to live creative and fulfilling lives. 03:19.233 --> 03:21.133 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Well, the music we'll hear 03:21.133 --> 03:25.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% is from the romantic era, the 1800s. 03:25.166 --> 03:29.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And by the way, this is not the giggly, kissy romantic era 03:29.333 --> 03:31.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that you and I might remember from middle school. 03:31.566 --> 03:34.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Okay. This is an artistic era that followed 03:34.333 --> 03:37.533 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the cerebral, logical classical age. 03:37.533 --> 03:39.733 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Romanticism was less about the head 03:39.733 --> 03:41.833 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and more about the heart. 03:41.833 --> 03:44.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It was a time when people embraced nature 03:44.700 --> 03:47.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and they championed underdog national causes. 03:47.800 --> 03:50.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It was an age of common people asserting themselves, 03:50.700 --> 03:53.233 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% grabbing the reins of power. 03:53.233 --> 03:55.133 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [drums, then music] 04:00.166 --> 04:02.400 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% While this is a European tour, 04:02.400 --> 04:04.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% we're starting in the United States, 04:04.366 --> 04:05.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% where we celebrate the accomplishments 04:05.966 --> 04:08.466 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% of the American Revolution, 04:08.466 --> 04:11.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the world's first great democratic revolution 04:11.533 --> 04:13.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that helped inspire the flourishing of freedom 04:13.400 --> 04:16.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in 19th century Europe. 04:16.233 --> 04:19.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% America the Beautiful. 04:19.133 --> 04:20.566 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [music: America the Beautiful] 06:53.266 --> 06:55.066 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [applause] 07:05.300 --> 07:08.566 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% STEVES: Wow, that gave me chills. 07:08.566 --> 07:11.233 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% America the Beautiful. 07:11.233 --> 07:14.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Those are patriotic goosebumps. Why? 07:14.933 --> 07:18.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Because this music celebrates our homeland. 07:18.400 --> 07:22.133 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Now, as your tour guide, my challenge is to take 07:22.133 --> 07:26.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% that wonderful, if ethnocentric, musical emotion on the road. 07:26.900 --> 07:29.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Our mission is to appreciate how others thrilled 07:29.900 --> 07:33.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the same way to music of their homeland. 07:33.766 --> 07:37.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Every nation has its own anthems and each is different. 07:37.566 --> 07:41.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Our itinerary features romantic era music 07:41.100 --> 07:44.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that stoked the pride of nationalities all across Europe, 07:44.333 --> 07:47.833 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% from Norway to Italy to England. 07:47.833 --> 07:51.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And we start in Austria, the Hapsburg Empire, 07:51.866 --> 07:55.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% where the waltz embodies the elegance and joie de vivre 07:55.100 --> 07:58.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% of that society at its peak in the late 1800s. 07:58.866 --> 08:01.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Now the Habsburgs ruled a vast empire. 08:01.966 --> 08:05.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% They loved music, and they were great patrons of the arts. 08:05.400 --> 08:09.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% That's why Mozart and Beethoven and Brahms 08:09.000 --> 08:13.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% all lived and composed in the imperial capital of Vienna. 08:13.100 --> 08:15.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Now, Johann Strauss was the heartthrob 08:15.666 --> 08:18.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% of the romantic period in Vienna. 08:18.200 --> 08:21.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% With his violin, he could whip the audience into a frenzy. 08:21.800 --> 08:26.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% His lilting and twirling waltzes were all the rage. 08:26.166 --> 08:29.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% This piece was written to herald a political summit. 08:29.300 --> 08:31.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany was meeting 08:31.433 --> 08:34.266 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria. 08:34.266 --> 08:36.733 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% It's titled Emperor Waltz. 08:36.733 --> 08:41.066 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% That's singular, ambiguous on purpose. 08:41.066 --> 08:44.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Think about it. Kaiser Wilhelm, Franz Joseph, 08:44.766 --> 08:50.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% two imperial egos, each of them were so vain 08:50.833 --> 08:52.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% they probably thought this song was about them. 08:52.533 --> 08:54.400 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [laughter] 08:54.400 --> 08:55.800 align:left position:40% line:89% size:50% Okay. 08:55.800 --> 09:00.266 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% The number one hit from 1889 09:00.266 --> 09:04.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% by Johann Strauss, Jr., The Emperor Waltz. 09:10.933 --> 09:11.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [music: Emperor Waltz by Strauss] 14:44.233 --> 14:48.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% STEVES: Next up, we sail up the Danube River into Germany. 14:48.166 --> 14:50.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Now remember, in the mid 1800s, 14:50.500 --> 14:54.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% when our next piece was composed, there was no Germany. 14:54.800 --> 14:57.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% It was a piece of real estate about the size of Montana, 14:57.000 --> 14:59.000 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% made up of dozens of 14:59.000 --> 15:01.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% little independent German speaking states. 15:01.966 --> 15:05.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% While fragmented, they had a dream in common 15:05.066 --> 15:09.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to create one unified German speaking nation. 15:09.400 --> 15:12.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Now, in the 19th century, far and wide nation states 15:12.600 --> 15:16.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% were coalescing and there were wars. 15:16.266 --> 15:21.033 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% In the 1860s, when we Americans were fighting about separation, 15:21.033 --> 15:25.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Germans and Italians were fighting about unification. 15:25.200 --> 15:28.933 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Wannabe nations, to establish their legitimacy, 15:28.933 --> 15:32.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% dug deep, reviving mythic themes to show off their roots. 15:32.800 --> 15:36.100 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% You see it in the nostalgic art, 15:36.100 --> 15:39.233 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and you see it in the neo medieval castles of the age. 15:39.233 --> 15:41.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The famous castles of mad King Ludwig in Bavaria, 15:41.933 --> 15:44.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Neuschwanstein, it looks medieval, 15:44.833 --> 15:46.666 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% but it was actually built 15:46.666 --> 15:49.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% about the same time as the Eiffel Tower. 15:49.833 --> 15:52.100 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% King Ludwig was a huge fan 15:52.100 --> 15:55.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% of the romantic composer Richard Wagner. 15:55.733 --> 15:57.900 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% In fact, many rooms in his castle 15:57.900 --> 16:01.033 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% were inspired by Wagnerian operas. 16:01.033 --> 16:04.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Wagner's grand operas mixed Germanic myths 16:04.100 --> 16:06.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and medieval traditions and Christian themes 16:06.633 --> 16:10.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that together would stir the souls of his countrymen. 16:10.866 --> 16:17.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Up next, the rousing prelude to act three from Lohengrin. 16:17.600 --> 16:18.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [music: Prelude To Act 3 Of Lohengrin] 19:21.866 --> 19:25.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% STEVES: Like so many small European nations, 19:25.266 --> 19:28.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the Czech Republic has struggled historically 19:28.400 --> 19:31.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and heroically among big bully neighbors. 19:31.733 --> 19:34.933 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% Imagine, to the north you've got Prussia, 19:34.933 --> 19:37.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to the south you've got Austria and the Habsburgs, 19:37.433 --> 19:40.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and to the east, Russia. 19:40.966 --> 19:45.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% This is not Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. 19:45.266 --> 19:49.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The 19th century was a time of national awakenings. 19:49.233 --> 19:53.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% From Finland to Bulgaria, small nations were on the rise. 19:53.166 --> 19:56.466 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% Again, romantic art and romantic music 19:56.466 --> 19:59.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% championed underdog causes, and a key figure 19:59.900 --> 20:02.033 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in the Czech national revival movement 20:02.033 --> 20:05.233 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% was the composer Bedrich Smetana. 20:05.233 --> 20:08.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Our next piece, The Moldau, gets its title 20:08.500 --> 20:10.900 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% from the Great River that literally and emotionally 20:10.900 --> 20:13.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% connects the Czech people. 20:13.266 --> 20:16.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But Moldau is the river's German name, 20:16.966 --> 20:19.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and the composer, Smetana, would much rather 20:19.733 --> 20:23.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% we call it by its Czech name, the Vltava. 20:23.433 --> 20:25.766 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Over many difficult centuries, 20:25.766 --> 20:28.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the Vltava helped preserve the language, 20:28.633 --> 20:30.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% the culture, and the identity of the Czech people. 20:38.533 --> 20:42.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The piece is like a landscape portrait. 20:42.000 --> 20:46.733 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% The melody flows like a stream. 20:46.733 --> 20:49.866 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% It starts as a tiny brook with flutes 20:49.866 --> 20:53.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% frolicking through forests and meadows. 20:53.800 --> 20:56.533 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Then, as it grows bigger, more instruments join in. 20:59.633 --> 21:03.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% We hear a merry gathering of peasants. 21:03.200 --> 21:06.966 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Later hunters in the forests. 21:06.966 --> 21:10.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And finally, with rolling timpani and crashing cymbals, 21:10.733 --> 21:12.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% will reach the stately capital of Prague. 21:15.900 --> 21:20.400 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% As you'll hear, this piece and the river it represents 21:20.400 --> 21:24.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% embodies the enduring heroic spirit of the Czech people. 21:29.900 --> 21:33.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% To this day, Czechs get a lump in their throat 21:33.833 --> 21:36.000 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% when they hear Smetana's hauntingly beautiful melody, 21:36.000 --> 21:37.933 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% The Vltava. 21:37.933 --> 21:38.766 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [music: The Vltava] 26:55.133 --> 26:56.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% STEVES: Are you good for some more travel? 26:56.933 --> 26:58.633 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% AUDIENCE: Yes. 26:58.633 --> 27:01.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% STEVES: I hope so, because we've still got England, 27:01.800 --> 27:05.366 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Italy, Norway, and France on our itinerary. 27:05.366 --> 27:07.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% This next piece is from Great Britain 27:07.900 --> 27:10.500 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% and it captures the grandeur of what was 27:10.500 --> 27:12.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% the world's first superpower. 27:12.900 --> 27:15.566 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% At the end of the 19th century, 27:15.566 --> 27:18.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Queen Victoria ruled a quarter of the planet. 27:18.066 --> 27:20.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Her realm was famously 27:20.100 --> 27:23.666 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the empire upon which the sun never set. 27:23.666 --> 27:25.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Humming with newfangled inventions 27:25.133 --> 27:27.700 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% from the industrial age, 27:27.700 --> 27:30.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% with a middle class that was both educated and prosperous, 27:30.333 --> 27:33.200 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Britain was on a roll. 27:33.200 --> 27:35.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Pomp and Circumstance, by Sir Edward Elgar, 27:35.966 --> 27:38.133 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% seems to provide a fitting soundtrack 27:38.133 --> 27:39.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to the confidence that was Britons' 27:39.833 --> 27:43.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% at the dawn of the 20th century. 27:43.166 --> 27:45.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Now, today, we Americans know this piece because 27:45.633 --> 27:47.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% we use it at commencement ceremonies 27:47.466 --> 27:50.266 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% to celebrate educational triumphs. 27:50.266 --> 27:53.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% But if you happen to be ruling a vast empire 27:53.666 --> 27:57.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% or bushwhacking a brave new future for the common man, 27:57.300 --> 28:00.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% this piece works well for other triumphs too. 28:00.833 --> 28:04.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% So now chin up as we travel to England with vivid images 28:04.500 --> 28:06.333 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% and the regal sounds 28:06.333 --> 28:10.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% of Elgar's Pomp and Circumstance march No 1. 28:13.233 --> 28:14.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% [music: Pomp and Circumstance No.1] 30:52.666 --> 30:55.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% STEVES: And now to Italy with a piece that evokes 30:55.300 --> 30:57.466 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the struggle of the Italian speaking people 30:57.466 --> 31:00.533 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to create their own independent country. 31:00.533 --> 31:04.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Remember before the 1870s, like Germany, 31:04.166 --> 31:07.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Italy was just a bunch of little Italian speaking states 31:07.266 --> 31:11.133 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% fighting bigger powers for their rightful place on the map. 31:11.133 --> 31:15.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The dream was that the only Italian blooded king, 31:15.100 --> 31:18.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% a man who ruled the country of Piedmont, Victor Emmanuel, 31:18.200 --> 31:21.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% would be the first king of a united Italy. 31:21.433 --> 31:24.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The Resurgimiento, as the movement 31:24.200 --> 31:27.733 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% for Italian unification was called, was dangerous. 31:27.733 --> 31:30.000 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% You could be arrested for just flying 31:30.000 --> 31:33.500 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% the Italian colors of green, white and red. 31:33.500 --> 31:36.866 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Italy's favorite music has long been opera 31:36.866 --> 31:40.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% with lofty melodies and so melodramatic. 31:40.200 --> 31:42.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It's a good fit for a land with such emotion 31:42.600 --> 31:47.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% where everything is issimo, you know? 31:47.000 --> 31:50.700 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And for Italian patriots, the operas of Giuseppe Verdi 31:50.700 --> 31:55.433 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% stirred nationalist spirits like a bugle call on the battlefield. 31:55.433 --> 31:57.433 align:left position:40% line:83% size:50% Now, when a Verdi opera came to town, 31:57.433 --> 32:00.133 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% people packed the house. 32:00.133 --> 32:03.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% The arias, which were like national anthems in disguise, 32:03.300 --> 32:06.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% inspired people to actually stand on their seats 32:06.066 --> 32:08.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and sing with gusto, as if raising their voices 32:08.600 --> 32:11.666 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% in unison for Italian statehood. 32:11.666 --> 32:14.700 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Even the composer's name, Verdi, 32:14.700 --> 32:18.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% became a nationalistic cry for an Italian born king. 32:18.666 --> 32:24.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% V-E-R-D-I, Victor Emmanuel Re d'Italia, King of Italy. 32:24.833 --> 32:27.466 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% This next piece was composed 32:27.466 --> 32:30.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% when Austria ruled much of the Italian land. 32:30.600 --> 32:33.166 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% It's from the opera Nabucco. 32:33.166 --> 32:35.966 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The plot is ancient. It's from the Old Testament. 32:35.966 --> 32:38.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% The Jews were conquered and then exiled 32:38.166 --> 32:40.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% from their homeland by the Babylonians. 32:40.433 --> 32:42.833 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% The Italians could relate. 32:42.833 --> 32:45.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% In fact, the famous chorus of the Hebrew slaves, 32:45.633 --> 32:49.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% VA pensiero, came to symbolize the Italian struggle. 32:49.700 --> 32:52.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% And with so much political symbolism, 32:52.966 --> 32:56.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% this opera just barely got by the censors. 32:56.766 --> 32:59.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% By Giuseppe Verdi, here's the stirring 32:59.166 --> 33:01.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% Overture from the opera Nabucco. 33:06.100 --> 33:07.666 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [music: Nabucco: Overture] 38:34.000 --> 38:35.766 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [applause] 38:50.166 --> 38:52.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% STEVES: Now we travel north to Norway, 38:52.200 --> 38:53.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% the land of my grandparents. 38:53.833 --> 38:56.466 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% Until the 19th century, 38:56.466 --> 38:59.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Norway was under the thumb of Sweden and Denmark. 38:59.800 --> 39:02.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% In fact, back then, the capital city, Oslo 39:02.666 --> 39:07.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% was actually named Kristiania after a Danish king. 39:07.500 --> 39:10.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Now, if you know Norwegians like I do, 39:10.200 --> 39:13.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% you know they have a deep seated need to be Norwegian, 39:13.300 --> 39:15.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% distinct from the Danes and the Swedes. 39:15.800 --> 39:18.100 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% In fact, think about this. 39:18.100 --> 39:20.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% The cultural capital, Bergen, is in the far west, 39:20.633 --> 39:23.000 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% in fjord country, about as far 39:23.000 --> 39:26.433 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% from Denmark and Sweden as you can possibly get. 39:26.433 --> 39:28.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% That's where the artists, the writers 39:28.000 --> 39:30.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and the composers gathered. 39:30.666 --> 39:33.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Part of romanticism and part of nationalism 39:33.333 --> 39:36.366 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% is a love of the wonder of nature. 39:36.366 --> 39:40.000 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% In their quest for freedom, Norwegians found inspiration 39:40.000 --> 39:42.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% in the natural beauty of their homeland. 39:42.266 --> 39:44.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% A popular play back then 39:44.266 --> 39:47.766 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% was based on an old fairy tale, Peer Gynt. 39:47.766 --> 39:50.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% He was the local Huck Finn whose misadventures 39:50.300 --> 39:53.833 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% were set in Norway's majestic nature. 39:53.833 --> 39:56.700 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Edvard Grieg set the play to music, 39:56.700 --> 39:58.766 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and this piece celebrates both 39:58.766 --> 40:02.266 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the pristine majesty of fjord country, as you'll see, 40:02.266 --> 40:06.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and the pride of the Norwegian way of life. 40:06.600 --> 40:09.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Here is Morning Mood, 40:09.366 --> 40:12.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% from Peer Gynt by Edvard Grieg from Norway. 40:17.000 --> 40:18.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [music: Morning Mood by Edvard Grieg] 44:18.333 --> 44:19.633 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [applause] 44:31.000 --> 44:34.400 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% STEVES: So, so beautiful. 44:34.400 --> 44:36.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% You know, every time I hear that piece, 44:36.833 --> 44:39.200 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I think of my uncle Thor from Norway 44:39.200 --> 44:41.766 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and a story from my childhood. 44:41.766 --> 44:44.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% When I was just a kid, maybe ten years old, 44:44.600 --> 44:47.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Uncle Thor came to visit our family in Seattle. 44:47.633 --> 44:49.833 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% My mom insisted that I play the piano. 44:49.833 --> 44:51.566 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% She said, "Rick, play that song you're learning 44:51.566 --> 44:53.566 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% by the Norwegian composer." 44:53.566 --> 44:55.233 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% So I dutifully played 44:55.233 --> 44:58.600 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% Wedding Day at Troldhaugen by Edvard Grieg. 44:58.600 --> 45:05.366 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Uncle Thor was so excited, he gave me a crisp $20 bill. 45:05.366 --> 45:09.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I had never seen so much money at one time. [laughter] 45:09.233 --> 45:11.900 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% But you know, his enthusiasm 45:11.900 --> 45:14.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% was an even bigger gift than that $20 bill. 45:14.933 --> 45:17.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I think Uncle Thor planted the seed 45:17.400 --> 45:20.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% that would become this concert. 45:20.333 --> 45:21.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It's a beautiful, beautiful thing. [applause] 45:28.333 --> 45:31.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Thor was demonstrating the joy of two cultures 45:31.333 --> 45:33.533 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% coming together through music, 45:33.533 --> 45:37.566 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% or maybe he was just bribing me to stop playing. 45:37.566 --> 45:40.966 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% I'm not sure. [laughter] 45:40.966 --> 45:44.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Okay, no tour of Europe, musical or otherwise, 45:44.233 --> 45:47.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% is complete without a stop in France. 45:47.233 --> 45:49.366 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% France was the home of the enlightenment, 45:49.366 --> 45:51.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the great revolution in so many ways 45:51.166 --> 45:53.666 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% where modern Europe was born. 45:53.666 --> 45:57.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Now, in the 19th century, France was certainly independent, 45:57.166 --> 45:59.933 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% but its struggles were domestic. 45:59.933 --> 46:02.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It was the commoners against the aristocracy, 46:02.466 --> 46:06.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the 99% versus the 1%. 46:06.166 --> 46:08.466 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% With its revolutions, and it took several, 46:08.466 --> 46:10.833 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% the French led the charge in Europe 46:10.833 --> 46:13.900 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% to finally end the medieval old regime. 46:13.900 --> 46:16.966 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% That notion of divine monarchy, 46:16.966 --> 46:20.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% that some were born, ordained by God to rule without limit, 46:20.666 --> 46:24.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% and everybody else, well, just deal with it. 46:24.233 --> 46:27.200 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Throughout the 19th century, the revolutionary slogan 46:27.200 --> 46:29.766 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% pushing for an end to this old regime was 46:29.766 --> 46:33.700 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% liberté, égalité, fraternité. 46:33.700 --> 46:36.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% This romanticism promoted radical ideals 46:36.200 --> 46:38.333 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% of political freedom. 46:38.333 --> 46:43.800 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Imagine government actually by, for, and of the people. 46:43.800 --> 46:46.566 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Listening to French music from the 19th century 46:46.566 --> 46:49.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% I can almost hear the rabble in the streets. 46:49.166 --> 46:52.333 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% I find myself cheering liberty, equality, brotherhood, 46:52.333 --> 46:55.166 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% and of course, Vive la France! 46:55.166 --> 46:58.300 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Up next, by Camille Saint-Saens, 46:58.300 --> 47:01.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% Marche Militaire Francaise, the French Military March. 47:05.433 --> 47:06.600 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [music: Marche Militaire Francaise by Saint-Saens] 51:34.233 --> 51:37.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% RUSSELL: - Fantastic. Bravo! Bravo! 51:37.166 --> 51:37.733 align:left position:30% line:89% size:60% [applause] 52:00.066 --> 52:02.500 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% STEVES: Yes, in so many ways, 52:02.500 --> 52:05.166 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% the Europeans of the romantic age, 52:05.166 --> 52:08.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the 19th century, laid the groundwork for 52:08.233 --> 52:12.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% the freedoms that we enjoy today in the 21st century. 52:12.666 --> 52:16.600 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% And that European passion for freedom continues. 52:16.600 --> 52:19.333 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% The biggest news of our generation 52:19.333 --> 52:22.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% is the transformation of that long bickering continent 52:22.900 --> 52:26.733 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% into a peaceful union, The European Union. 52:26.733 --> 52:29.166 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% While in practice, it's tough to get 52:29.166 --> 52:32.666 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% that unwieldy collection of proud and distinct nations 52:32.666 --> 52:35.633 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% to do anything in unison, the motto of 52:35.633 --> 52:39.933 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the European Union is United in Diversity. 52:39.933 --> 52:42.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% And one thing Europe can do well together 52:42.500 --> 52:46.666 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% is to embrace the ideals of its official anthem. 52:46.666 --> 52:49.500 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Our final stop is a piece conceived in 52:49.500 --> 52:52.900 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% that 19th century spirit of revolution, 52:52.900 --> 52:56.333 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% set to a poem about universal brotherhood. 52:56.333 --> 52:59.633 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% This anthem is as relevant today 52:59.633 --> 53:02.800 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% as the day Beethoven set pen to paper. 53:02.800 --> 53:06.066 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% It calls on all people to come together, 53:06.066 --> 53:08.633 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% to be united joyfully in their diversity 53:08.633 --> 53:11.466 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% and to celebrate freedom. 53:11.466 --> 53:15.100 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Now, the finale of our Symphonic Journey, 53:15.100 --> 53:18.300 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% the official anthem of the European Union, 53:18.300 --> 53:21.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Beethoven's Ode to Joy. 53:21.700 --> 53:23.333 align:left position:10% line:89% size:80% [music: Ode to Joy by Beethoven] 54:28.100 --> 54:29.833 align:left position:20% line:89% size:70% [cheers & applause] 55:15.900 --> 55:19.200 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% RUSSELL: And now our musical homecoming. 55:19.200 --> 55:24.400 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% Welcome back to the USA. Take it away, Rick. 55:24.400 --> 55:25.233 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [music: Stars and Stripes Forever by Sousa] 57:25.800 --> 57:27.700 align:left position:20% line:83% size:70% [cheers & applause] 58:04.100 --> 58:06.100 align:left position:30% line:83% size:60% STEVES: Yeah, what a concert that would be. 58:08.133 --> 58:09.266 align:left position:10% line:83% size:80% CAPTIONS: Maverick Captioning  CIN OH maverickcaptioning.com