WEBVTT 00:00.766 --> 00:03.666 position:40% line:84.67% size:50% [MUSIC] 00:03.733 --> 00:05.466 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% JOAN CARTAN-HANSEN, HOST: 00:05.466 --> 00:07.200 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% Scholars in Greece in the fifth 00:07.200 --> 00:08.600 position:32.5% line:84.67% size:57.5% century B.C.E. 00:08.600 --> 00:10.433 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% were the first to save even more 00:10.433 --> 00:11.800 position:27.5% line:84.67% size:62.5% ancient artifacts. 00:11.800 --> 00:13.333 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% But the science of archaeology 00:13.333 --> 00:14.633 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% didn't really get started until 00:14.633 --> 00:16.066 position:37.5% line:84.67% size:52.5% the 1820s. 00:16.066 --> 00:17.366 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% Archaeologists still use the 00:17.366 --> 00:18.866 position:20% line:84.67% size:70% same basic tools today: 00:18.866 --> 00:20.433 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% A trowel to help remove layers 00:20.433 --> 00:21.900 position:25% line:84.67% size:65% of earth delicately, 00:21.900 --> 00:23.366 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% A shovel to move large amounts 00:23.366 --> 00:24.200 position:37.5% line:84.67% size:52.5% of dirt, 00:24.200 --> 00:26.033 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% Picks to use on harder surfaces, 00:26.033 --> 00:27.533 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% brushes and dental picks to 00:27.533 --> 00:28.833 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% clean artifacts without any 00:28.833 --> 00:30.100 position:37.5% line:84.67% size:52.5% damage and 00:30.100 --> 00:31.700 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% Sieves to filter out small 00:31.700 --> 00:32.600 position:37.5% line:84.67% size:52.5% artifacts. 00:32.600 --> 00:34.000 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% But not every tool is so simple. 00:34.000 --> 00:35.533 position:20% line:84.67% size:70% Archaeologists are using 00:35.533 --> 00:36.900 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% ground-penetrating radar to see 00:36.900 --> 00:38.500 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% what lies beneath the soil. 00:38.500 --> 00:39.700 position:22.5% line:84.67% size:67.5% They use high-powered 00:39.700 --> 00:41.066 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% microscopes to examine tiny 00:41.066 --> 00:42.133 position:37.5% line:84.67% size:52.5% details, 00:42.133 --> 00:43.400 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% Archaeologists are even joining 00:43.400 --> 00:45.066 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% with NASA to study land features 00:45.066 --> 00:47.566 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% hidden away by growth and time. 00:47.566 --> 00:49.000 position:15% line:84.67% size:75% And high-tech computers and 00:49.000 --> 00:50.466 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% software help with anything from 00:50.466 --> 00:52.533 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% mapping, artifact analysis, data 00:52.533 --> 00:54.700 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% recording, even 3-D modeling. 00:54.700 --> 00:56.066 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% What started as scientists 00:56.066 --> 00:57.600 position:10% line:84.67% size:80% scraping away at soil, is now an 00:57.600 --> 00:59.666 position:12.5% line:84.67% size:77.5% advanced and exciting science. 00:59.666 --> 01:00.833 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% For more information about 01:00.833 --> 01:02.033 position:17.5% line:84.67% size:72.5% archaeology, check out the 01:02.033 --> 01:03.100 position:22.5% line:84.67% size:67.5% Science Trek website. 01:03.100 --> 01:04.066 position:27.5% line:84.67% size:62.5% You'll find it at 01:04.066 --> 01:04.900 position:30% line:84.67% size:60% ScienceTrek.org